NEET Biology Plant Growth and Development MCQs Set A

Question: Which of the following structures show unlimited growth in plants?

• a) Roots
• b) Fruits
• c) Flowers
• d) Leaves

Answer: Roots

Question: Growth of an organ is defined as

• a) Irreversible increase in size
• b) Infinite and reversible increase in size
• c) Infinite increase in size
• d) Reversible increase in size

Answer: Irreversible increase in size

Question: Which type of cells have the capacity of self perpetuation?

• a) Meristematic cells
• b) Companion cells
• c) Sieve cells
• d) Parenchyma cells

Answer: Meristematic cells

Question: Plant growth is unique in being

• a) Unlimited
• b) Diffuse
• c) Limited
• d) Closed

Answer: Unlimited

Question: Increase in the girth of plant is known as/done by

• a) Secondary growth
• b) Intercalary meristem
• c) Apical meristem
• d) Primary growth

Answer:  Secondary growth

Question: Examples of lateral meristems are

• a) Vascular cambium and cork cambium
• b) Phellogen and collenchyma
• c) Vascular cambium and phellem
• d) Xylem and cork cambium

Answer: Vascular cambium and cork cambium

Question: Which parameter is used to measure the growth in flat organs like leaves?

• a) Increase in surface area
• b) Increase in dry weight
• c) Increase in cell size
• d) Increase in length

Answer: Increase in surface area

Question: Which of the following is difficult to measure directly?

• a) Increase in protoplasm content
• b) Increase in dry weight
• c) Increase in surface area
• d) Increase in volume

Answer: Increase in protoplasm content

Question: Deposition of new materials inside the cell wall of cells starts in

• a) Elongation phase
• b) Maturation phase
• c) Reproductive phase
• d) Meristematic phase

Answer: Elongation phase

Question: Which phase of a sigmoid curve explains the initial phase of growth when growth rate is very slow?

• a) Lag phase
• b) Log phase
• c) Stationary phase
• d) Maturation phase

Answer: Lag phase

Question: ______ curve is obtained for cells in culture.

• a) S-shaped
• b) V-shaped
• c) Linear
• d) J-shaped

Answer: S-shaped

Question: What happens to the growth of roots during water logging conditions?

• a) Growth is inhibited
• b) First growth is accelerated and then stops
• c) Growth is accelerated
• d) Growth remains constant

Answer: Growth is inhibited

Question:

• a) 25% and 20%
• b) 20% and 25%
• c) 50% and 100%
• d) None of these

Answer: 25% and 20%

Question: Which of the following is not a function of water in plants?

• a) It acts as a source of energy
• b) It is responsible for cell elongation
• c) It maintains the turgidity of cells
• d) It provides medium for enzymatic activities

Answer: It acts as a source of energy

Question: Which abiotic factor is not essential for early growth of the plant but growth is sustained only in its presence?

• a) Light
• b) Nutrients
• c) Oxygen
• d) Water

Answer: Light

Question: Which factor determines the direction of movement of main root and stem?

• a) Gravity
• b) Oxygen
• c) Temperature
• d) Nutrients

Answer: Gravity

Question: Tracheids do not collapse under extreme tension due to the presence of

• a) Strong, elastic lignocellulosic secondary cell wall
• b) Thin, elastic, cellulosic primary cell wall
• c) Thick, cellulosic primary cell wall
• d) Thick, hard suberised secondary cell wall

Answer: Strong, elastic lignocellulosic secondary cell wall

Question: Cork, secondary cortex and secondary xylem are formed through

• a) Redifferentiation
• b) Dedifferentiation
• c) Differentiation
• d) Obliteration

Answer: Redifferentiation

Question: Which of the following is formed after dedifferentiation?

• a) Interfascicular vascular cambium
• b) Secondary cortex
• c) Secondary phloem
• d) Parenchyma

Answer: Interfascicular vascular cambium

Question: Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are

• a) Simple organic substances of different chemical composition
• b) Complex organic substances of different chemical composition
• c) Simple and complex organic substances of same chemical composition
• d) Small organic substances of same chemical composition

Answer: Simple organic substances of different chemical composition

More Questions...................................

Question: The ability of a plant to follow different pathways and produce different structures in response to environment is known as

• a) Plasticity
• b) Heterophylly
• c) Efficiency index
• d) Vernalisation

Answer: Plasticity

Question: Heterophylly means

• a) The appearance of different forms of leaves on the same plant species
• b) The appearance of same form of leaves on different plants
• c) The appearance of same form of flowers on different plants
• d) The appearance of different forms of fruits on the same plant

Answer: The appearance of different forms of leaves on the same plant species

Question: Which type of phytohormone is made up of indole compounds?

• a) Auxin
• b) Gibberellins
• c) ABA
• d) Zeatin

Answer: Auxin

Question: Two synthetic auxins are

• a) 2, 4-D and NAA
• b) IAA and NAA
• c) 2, 4-D and IBA
• d) IAA and IBA

Answer: 2, 4-D and NAA

Question: Which phytohormone promotes falling of old leaves whereas inhibits falling of young leaves?

• a) Auxin
• b) GA
• c) Cytokinin
• d) ABA

Answer: Auxin

Question: Which auxins are used in diluted form to produce parthenocarpic fruits?

• a) IAA and IBA
• b) 2, 4-D and IBA
• c) NAA and GA
• d) 2, 4-D and IAA

Answer: IAA and IBA

Question: Which of the following auxin is widely used as weedicide?

• a) 2, 4-D
• b) NAA
• c) IBA
• d) IAA

Answer: 2, 4-D

Question: Which of the following is not a function of gibberellic acid?

• a) Ripening
• b) Seed germination
• c) Bolting

Answer: Ripening

Question: Apical dominance is stimulated by auxin whereas it is inhibited by

• a) Cytokinin
• b) Gibberellic acid
• c) ABA
• d) Ethylene

Answer: Cytokinin

Question: Phytohormones responsible for cell division in callus are ______ and ______.

• a) Auxin and cytokinin
• b) ABA and cytokinin
• c) Gibberellin and ethylene
• d) Ethylene and cytokinin

Answer: Auxin and cytokinin

Question: Which phytohormone is synthesised in ripened fruits?

• a) Ethylene
• b) Cytokinin
• c) Auxin
• d) ABA

Answer: Ethylene

Question: Which of the following is incorrect about ethylene?

• a) It is natural and derivative of carotenoids
• b) Promotes root hair formation
• c) It increases the number of female flowers
• d) It causes synchronisation of flowering and fruit set in pineapples

Answer: It is natural and derivative of carotenoids

Question: Select a correct match

• a) GA₃ – Early seed production in conifers
• b) Auxin – Overcomes senescence
• c) Cytokinin – Synchronise fruit set in pineapples
• d) Ethylene – Seed maturation and development

Answer: GA₃ – Early seed production in conifers

Question: Which of the following phytohormone is a derivative of carotenoids?

• a) ABA
• b) Ethylene
• c) Cytokinin
• d) Auxin

Answer: ABA

Question:

• a) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)
• b) a(iv), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)
• c) a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)
• d) a(ii), b(i), c(iii), d(iv)

Answer: a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)

Question:

• a) a(iv), b(i), c(iii), d(ii)
• b) a(iv), b(i), c(ii), d(iii)
• c) a(iv), b(ii), c(iii), d(i)
• d) a(iii), b(ii), c(iv), d(i)

Answer: a(iv), b(i), c(iii), d(ii)

Question: Dormancy of seeds is broken by ethylene whereas it is induced by

• a) Abscisic acid
• b) Auxin
• c) Cytokinin
• d) Gibberellic acid

Answer: Abscisic acid

Question: The plant hormone which closes the stomata in stressful conditions is

• a) ABA
• b) Auxin
• c) GA
• d) Cytokinin

Answer: ABA

Question: Both ethylene and ABA are responsible for

• a) Promoting the abscission of leaves and fruits
• b) Stimulation of apical dominance
• c) Inducing dormancy of seeds
• d) Ripening

Answer: Promoting the abscission of leaves and fruits

Question: _________ is a period when growth and development is temporarily stopped

• a) Dormancy
• b) Abscission
• c) Senescence
• d) Vernalisation

Answer: Dormancy

Question:  Florigen results in conversion of

• a)

  

• b)

  

• c)

  

• d)

  

Answer:

Question: Which type of plants can blossom throughout the year?

• a) Day neutral plants
• b) Short-day plants
• c) Short-long day plants
• d) Long day plants

Answer: Day neutral plants

Question: Which of the following is an example of short day plant?

• a) Tobacco
• b) Sugarbeet
• c) Wheat
• d) Radish

Answer: Tobacco

Question: Most of the winter flowering plants belong to

• a) Short day plants
• b) Day neutral plants
• c) Long day plants
• d) Short long day plants

Answer: Short day plants

Question: Cucumber and tomato are the examples of

• a) Day neutral plants
• b) Short day plants
• c) Long day plants
• d) Long short day plants

Answer: Day neutral plants

Question: The site of preception of light in plants for flowering is

• a) Leaves
• b) Stems
• c) Fruits
• d) Roots

Answer: Leaves

Question: Some plants like sugarbeet and cabbage required low temperature for flowering. This phenomenon is called

• a) Vernalisation
• b) Abscission
• c) Parthenocarpy
• d) Photoperiodism

Answer: Vernalisation

Question: Which of the following is incorrect about vernalisation?

• a) It is the resting stage of seeds
• b) It is observed in winter variety of wheat
• c) It prevents precocious reproductive development
• d) Flowering is stimulated by low temperature

Answer: It is the resting stage of seeds

Question: Growth in plant organs is

• a) Quantitative and intrinsic
• b) Quantitative and extrinsic
• c) Qualitative and extrinsic
• d) Qualitative and intrinsic

Answer: Quantitative and intrinsic

Question: The growth in plants differs from growth in animals in

• a) Being localized and indefinite
• b) Having indefinite life span
• c) Being indefinite
• d) Having definite life span

Answer: Being localized and indefinite

Question:  Find out the correct statement(s).

(a) Growth in plants is internal/intrinsic and open ended
(b) Formation of cellular materials is called real or protoplasmic growth
(c) Plant growth is diffused only during the early embryonic stage

• a) (a), (b) & (c)
• b) Only (b) & (c)
• c) (b) only
• d) Only (a) & (b)

Answer: (a), (b) & (c)

Question:  Find odd one w.r.t. differentiation

• a) Callus formation
• b) Death of protoplasm in tracheary elements
• c) Loss of nucleus in sieve
• d) Lignification in vessels

Answer: Callus formation

Question: Which of the given is/are examples of differentiation

• a) More than one option is correct
• b) Differential wall thickening in guard cells
• c) Lignin deposition in tracheids and vessels
• d) Loss of nucleus and perforations in some sieve tube members

Answer:  More than one option is correct

Question: If an etiolated stem could be first saturated with auxin by spraying and then exposed to a streak of light from one side, it will

• a) Bend towards the light
• b) Grow straight upwards
• c) Bend away from the light
• d) Be prevented from growing

Answer: Bend towards the light

Question: Which is not a physiological effect of auxins?

• a) Reversal of genetic dwarfism
• b) Cell elongation
• c) Development of parthenocarpic fruits
• d) Prevention of abscission of leaves and fruits

Answer: Reversal of genetic dwarfism

Question: The direction of the transport of auxins is

• a) Polar in basipetal
• b) Through phloem
• c) Through xylem
• d) Polar in acropetal

Answer:  Polar in basipetal

Question: Larkspur, Ranunculus and cotton plants are similar in the presence of

• a) Plasticity
• b) Homospory
• c) Developmental heterophylly
• d) Environmental heterophylly

Answer: Plasticity

Question: Pruning of tea plants is done to discard the effects of

• a) Auxin
• b) Cytokinin
• c) ABA
• d) GA₃

Answer: Auxin

Question: Which of the following hormone is weak organic acid having unsaturated ring structures and derived from amino acid?

• a) Auxin
• b) Cytokinin
• c) Ethylene
• d) Gibberellins

Answer: Auxin

Question:  Specific property attributed to GA is

• a) Elongation of genetically dwarf plants
• b) Promotion of leaf and fruit fall
• c) Shortening of genetically tall plants
• d) Rooting of stem cuttings

Answer:  Elongation of genetically dwarf plants

Question: The plant hormone which is basic in nature?

• a) Cytokinin
• b) Abscisic acid
• c) Gibberellins
• d) Auxin

Answer: Cytokinin

Question: Delay of senescence or Richmond Lang effect is a physiological effect of

• a) CK
• b) GA
• c) IAA
• d) None of these

Answer: CK

Question: Shelf life of vegetables and cut flowers can be increased by commercial application of

• a) Cytokinin
• b) AMO1618
• c) Cyclocel
• d) Phosphon-D

Answer: Cytokinin

Question: The phytohormone combination which is the key regulator of cell differentiation and morphogenesis is

• a) Cytokinin & IAA
• b) IAA & GA₃
• c) IAA & ABA
• d) Cytokinin & Gibberellin

Answer: Cytokinin & IAA

Question: Cytokinins are said to be antiageing hormone because they delay the senescence by

• a) Both
• b) Controlling protein synthesis
• c) Controlling mobilisation of resources
• d) None of these

Answer: Both

Question: The phytohormone combination which is the key regulator of cell differentiation and morphogenesis is

• a) Cytokinin & IAA
• b) IAA & GA₃
• c) IAA & ABA
• d) Cytokinin & Gibberellin

Answer: Cytokinin & IAA

Question: Cytokinins are said to be antiageing hormone because they delay the senescence by

• a) Both
• b) Controlling protein synthesis
• c) Controlling mobilisation of resources
• d) None of these

Answer: Both

Question: Shelf life of vegetables and cut flowers can be increased by commercial application of

• a) Cytokinin
• b) AMO1618
• c) Cyclocel
• d) Phosphon-D

Answer: Cytokinin

Question: Number of female flowers can be increased by application of

• a) Number of female flowers can be increased by application of
• b) CK
• c)

  

• d) IAA

Answer: Number of female flowers can be increased by application of

Question: Triple response is shown by hormone

• a) Ethylene
• b) CK
• c) 2, 4-D
• d) GA₃

Answer:  Ethylene

Question:

• a) Ripening of fruits
• b) Formation of internode
• c) Formation of nodes
• d) Formation of internodes

Answer: Ripening of fruits

Question: The hormone which can replace long days and low temperature requirement for flowering in some plants is

• a) Gibberellin
• b) Cytokinin
• c) Vernalin
• d) Ethylene

Answer: Gibberellin

Question: Gibberellin mediate amylase formation during germination of cereal grains is inhibited by

• a) Abscisic acid
• b) Gibberellins
• c) Ethylene
• d) Cytokinins

Answer: Abscisic acid

Question: Select an incorrect match

• a) Violaxanthin - GA₃
• b) tRNA - Cytokinin
• c) Methionine - Ethylene
• d) Tryptophan - Auxin

Answer: Violaxanthin - GA₃

Question: Which is not true for abscisic acid?

• a) Induces epinasty of leaves and flowers
• b) Synthesized in chloroplast from carotenoids
• c) Acts as antitranspirant
• d) Increases stress tolerance in plants

Answer: Induces epinasty of leaves and flowers

Question: Which hormone stimulates the closure of stomata in the epidermis and increases the tolerance of plants to various kinds of stresses?

• a)  ABA
• b) Cytokinin
• c) Auxin
• d) GA₃

Answer:  ABA

Question:

• a) a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)
• b) a(ii), b(iii), c(i), d(iv)
• c) a(iv), b(ii), c(iii), d(i)
• d) a(i), b(iii), c(ii), d(iv)

Answer: a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)

Question: Condition of suspended growth due to external environmental conditions is called

• a) Quiescence
• b) All of these
• c)  Rest
• d) Dormancy

Answer: Quiescence

Question: Seed dormancy in tomato seeds is due to

• a) Presence of ferulic acid in pulp
• b) Impermeable seed coat
• c) Immature embryo
• d) Abscisic acid in pulp

Answer: Presence of ferulic acid in pulp

Question: Which of the given event does not happen during seed germination?

• a) Photosynthesis by cotyledons
• b) Increase in rate of respiration
• c) Emergence of radicle
• d) Hydrolysis of stored polysaccharides and proteins

Answer:  Photosynthesis by cotyledons

Question: For flowering, critical dark period should always be exceeded in

• a) Short day plants
• b) All type of plants
• c) Long day plants
• d) Day neutral plants

Answer: Short day plants