NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set B

Question:  Cell is the fundamental, structural and functional unit of all living organisms because

• a) The cell is the basic unit of life
• b) Unicellular organisms are incapable of independent existanceAnything less than a complete structure of a cell does ensure independent living Essential life functions can be performed in only multicellular organisms 
• c) Anything less than a complete structure of a cell does ensure independent living
• d) Essential life functions can be performed in only multicellular organisms

Answer:   The cell is the basic unit of life

Question:

• a) Three
• b) Two
• c) Four
• d) One

Answer: Three

Question: The function of polysome in bacterial cell is to

• a) Translate the mRNA into protein
• b) Synthesize pigments
• c) Store reserve food materials
• d) Help in buoyancy

Answer:  Translate the mRNA into protein

Question:

• a) A, C & E
• b) A, B, C & F
• c) B, C & D
• d) A, D & E

Answer: A, C & E

Question: Plasma membrane is

• a) Selectively permeable, elastic and asymmetric
• b) Selective permeable with monolayer phospholipids
• c) Semipermeable and symmetric
• d) Permeable and asymmetric

Answer: Selectively permeable, elastic and asymmetric

Question:  Select the correct combination of the statements regarding the characteristics of middle lamella

a. It holds the different neighbouring cells together.
b. It is composed of Mg pectate only.
c. It gets dissolved during ripening of fruits.
Correct statements is/are

• a) a & c
• b) b & c
• c) Only a
• d) a, b & c

Answer: a & c

Question: Which of the following is associated with detoxification of drugs and muscle contraction by the release and uptake of Ca²⁺ ions?

• a) SER
• b) Free ribosomes
• c) RER
• d) Golgi complex

Answer:  SER

Question:

• a) It is a site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids
• b) Site for synthesis of steroidal hormone
• c) These have enzymes that are capable of digesting carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids
• d) It divides intracellular space into two distinct compartments, i.e., luminal and extra luminal cytoplasm

Answer: It is a site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids

Question: Which of the following statement is incorrect about golgi apparatus?

• a) Golgi body helps in animal cytokinesis
• b) It helps in glycosidation and glycosylation of lipids and proteins
• c) Secretion is the main function of the golgi complex
• d) It helps in recycling of the plasma membrane, pinched off by pinocytosis and phagocytosis

Answer: Golgi body helps in animal cytokinesis

Question: Certain golgian vesicles, which are budded out from the trans-face contains acid hydrolases. Such vesicles are better termed as

• a) Primary lysosomes
• b) Phragmosomes
• c) Microsomes
• d) Heterophagosomes

Answer: Primary lysosomes

Question: In plants, the tonoplast facilitates the transport of a number of ions and other materials

• a) Against concentration gradient into vacuole
• b) Along concentration gradient into vacuole
• c) Along concentration gradient into gas vacuoles
• d) Against concentration gradient in contractile vacuole

Answer: Against concentration gradient into vacuole

Question: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semi-autonomous as they possess

• a) DNA + RNA + ribosomes
• b) DNA
• c) DNA + RNA
• d) Proteins

Answer: DNA + RNA + ribosomes

Question: The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that there are similarities between prokaryotes, mitochondria and chloroplasts like

• a) Presence of circular DNA not associated with histones and 70 S ribosomes
• b) Presence of circular DNA associated with histones and 70 S ribosomes
• c) 50 S ribosomes and DNA
• d) 30 S ribosomes and DNA

Answer: Presence of circular DNA not associated with histones and 70 S ribosomes

Question: How many organelles of a eukaryotic cell are considered to have an independent existence during early events of evolution?

• a) 2
• b) 3
• c) 4
• d) 1

Answer:  2

Question: Find the correct set of structures/organelles not surrounded by membrane.

• a) Ribosome, nucleolus, centriole
• b) Ribosome, centrosome, lysosome
• c) Peroxisome, nucleolus, ribosome
• d) Nucleolus, spherosome, ribosome

Answer: Ribosome, nucleolus, centriole

Question: The larger sub-unit of a ribosome is found to contain 28S, 5.8S and 5S types of RNA. This ribosome is found in

• a) Animal cell
• b) Chloroplast
• c) Mitochondrion
• d) Bacterium

Answer: Animal cell

Question: Organelle lacking DNA, but capable of duplication is

• a) Centriole
• b) Chloroplast
• c) Nucleus
• d) Ribosome

Answer: Centriole

Question:  Each centriole has a cart wheel organisation having a whorl of tubulin fibrils at periphery. These peripheral fibrils are composed of how many microtubules?

• a) 27
• b) 9
• c) 18
• d) 11

Answer: 27

Question: Find out all the proteins that make eukaryotic flagellum

• a) Dynein, tubulin and nexin
• b) Tubulin, nexin, dynein and flagellin
• c) Nexin, tubulin and flagellin
• d) Actin, myosin, dynein, nexin and tubulin

Answer: Dynein, tubulin and nexin

Question: Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect option

a. Large and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells actively carrying out protein synthesis.
b. Nuclear pores allow bidirectional movement of molecules.
c. Cytoskeleton is a glycolipid structure for mechanical support, motility and maintenance of the shape of the cell.
d. Steroidal hormones are synthesized by Golgi complex.

• a) c and d
• b) a and d
• c) b and c
• d) a and b

Answer: c and d

More Questions.......................................

Question: Eukaryotic cells have a well organised nucleus and

a. Both 70S and 80S types of ribosomes
b. Flagella associated with 9 + 2 organisation
c. Shows cytoplasmic streaming
d. Their DNA is complexed with histones to constitute the chromatin

• a) All are correct
• b) Only c and d are correct
• c) Only a is incorrect
• d) Both b and c are incorrect

Answer: All are correct

Question: 9+2 organisation is present in

• a) Flagella and cilia of eukaryotic cell
• b) Basal body
• c) Centriole and basal body
• d) Flagella of bacteria

Answer: Flagella and cilia of eukaryotic cell

Question:  Find out the correct option on the basis of following diagrams

• a)

  A – Satellite, B - Centromere
  C – Short arm, D – Long arm

• b)

  A – Satellite, B – Secondary constriction
  C – Short arm, D – Long arm

• c)

  A – Secondary constriction, B – Satellite,
  C – Long arm, D – Short arm

• d)

  A – NOR, B – Secondary constriction
  C – Short arm, D – Long arm

Answer:

A – Satellite, B - Centromere
C – Short arm, D – Long arm

Question: Nucleolus is formed by

• a) Nucleolar organiser
• b) Primary constriction
• c) Endoplasmic reticulum
• d) Ribosomes

Answer: Nucleolar organiser

Question: All the following statements are correct, except

• a) Glyoxysomes are numerous in the endosperm of wheat
• b) The ER- bound ribosomes synthesise secretory membrane and lysosomal protein
• c) Ribosomes when associated with ER are attached with their 60S sub-unit
• d) None of these

Answer: Glyoxysomes are numerous in the endosperm of wheat

Question:  Triglyceride metabolism to convert fats into carbohydrates is helped by glyoxylate cycle. The organelle responsible for this is found in

• a) Castor seeds
• b) More than one option is correct
• c) Rice seeds
• d) Wheat seeds

Answer: Castor seeds

Question: Catalase and urate oxidase enzymes are associated with the organelle which is also involved in

• a) More than one option is correct
• b) Photorespiration
• c) Gluconeogenesis
• d) Glycolate oxidation

Answer: More than one option is correct

Question: In fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane

• a) Phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part
• b) Proteins form a middle layer
• c) Upper layer is polar and hydrophobic
• d) Upper layer is non-polar and hydrophilic

Answer: Phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part

Question: Nuclear envelope is a derivative of

• a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
• b) Membrane of Golgi complex
• c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• d) Microtubules

Answer: Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question: True nucleus is absent in

• a) Anabaena
• b) Mucor
• c) Vaucheria
• d) Volvox

Answer:  Anabaena

Question: The structures that are formed by stacking of organized flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are

• a) Grana
• b) Stroma lamellae
• c) Cristae
• d) Stroma

Answer: Grana

Question: DNA is not present in

• a) Ribosomes
• b) Nucleus
• c) Chloroplast
• d) Mitochondria

Answer: Ribosomes

Question: Select the correct matching in the following pairs

• a) Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids
• b) Rough ER – Oxidation of fatty acids
• c) Smooth ER – Oxidation of phospholipids
• d) Rough ER – Synthesis of glycogen

Answer: Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids

Question: Which one of the following is not an inclusion body found in prokaryotes?

• a) Polysome
• b) Phosphate granule
• c) Glycogen granule
• d) Cyanophycean granule

Answer:  Polysome

Question: The chromosomes in which centromere is situated close to one end are

• a) Acrocentric
• b) Telocentric
• c) Metacentric
• d) Sub-metacentric

Answer: Acrocentric

Question: A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to gamete of the same species, has

• a) Twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA
• b) Same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA
• c) Twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
• d) Four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

Answer: Twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA

Question: Which structures perform the function of mitochondria in bacteria?

• a) Mesosomes
• b) Cell wall
• c) Ribosomes
• d) Nucleoid

Answer: Mesosomes

Question: The solid linear cytoskeletal elements having a diameter of 6nm and made up of a single type of monomer are known as

• a) Microfilaments
• b) Lamins
• c) Microtubules
• d) Intermediate filaments

Answer: Microfilaments

Question: The osmotic expansion of a cell kept in water is chiefly regulated by

• a) Vacuoles
• b) Mitochondria
• c) Plastids
• d) Ribosomes

Answer: Vacuoles

Question:

• a) a(iv), b(ii), c(i), d(iii)
• b) a(i), b(ii), c(iv), d(iii)
• c) a(i), b(iii), c(ii), d(iv)
• d) a(iv), b(iii), c(i), d(ii)

Answer: a(iv), b(ii), c(i), d(iii)

Question:

• a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis
• b) Golgi apparatus, formation of glycolipids
• c) Golgi apparatus, protein synthesis
• d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, formation of glycoproteins

Answer: Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis

Question: The Golgi complex plays a major role

• a) In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
• b) As energy transferring organelles
• c) In digesting proteins and carbohydrates
• d) In trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy

Answer: In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids

Question: A major site for synthesis of lipids is

• a) SER
• b) Symplast
• c) Nucleoplasm
• d) RER

Answer: SER

Question: Nuclear membrane is absent in

• a) Nostoc
• b) Penicillium
• c) Agaricus
• d) Volvox

Answer: Nostoc

Question: Which one of the following does not differ in E.coli and Chlamydomonas?

• a) Cell membrane
• b) Chromosomal organization
• c) Cell wall
• d) Ribosomes

Answer: Cell membrane

Question: Select the correct statement from the following regarding cell membrane

• a) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was porposed by Singer and Nicolson
• b) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part
• c) Na⁺ and K⁺ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport
• d) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane

Answer: Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was porposed by Singer and Nicolson

Question: What is true about ribosomes ?

• a) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins
• b) The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S, where "S" stands for sedimentation coefficient
• c) These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs
• d) These are found only in eukaryotic cells

Answer: These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins

Question: Ribosomal RNA is actively synthesized in

• a) Nucleolus
• b) Lysosomes
• c) Ribosomes
• d) Nucleoplasm

Answer: Nucleolus

Question: Which one of the following structures is an organelle within an organelle?

• a) Ribosome
• b) Peroxisome
• c) ER
• d) Mesosome

Answer: Ribosome

Question: Which one of the following cellular parts is correctly described?

• a) Thylakoids-flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts
• b) Centrioles - sites for active RNA synthesis
• c) Ribosomes-those on chloroplasts are larger (80S) while those in the cytoplasm are smaller (70S)
• d) Lysosomes-optimally active at a pH of about 8.5

Answer: Thylakoids-flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts

Question: Important site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is

• a) Golgi apparatus
• b) Plastid
• c) Vacuole
• d) Lysosome

Answer: Golgi apparatus

Question: Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in

• a) Ribosomes
• b) Chloroplast
• c) Mitochondria
• d) Chromoplast

Answer: Ribosomes

Question: In eubacteria, a cellular component that resembles eukaryotic cell is

• a) Plasma membrane
• b) Nucleus
• c) Ribosomes
• d) Cell wall

Answer: Plasma membrane

Question: In mitochondria, protons accumulate in the

• a) Intermembrane space
• b) Matrix
• c) Outer membrane
• d) Inner membrane

Answer: Intermembrane space

Question: Which one of the following is not considered as a part of the endomembrane system?

• a) Peroxisome
• b) Golgi complex
• c) Lysosome
• d) Vacuole

Answer: Peroxisome

Question:  The figure below shows the structure of a mitochondrion with its four parts labelled (A), (B), (C) and (D). Select  the part correctly matched with its function

• a) Part (B) : Inner membrane – forms infoldings called cristae
• b) Part (D) : Outer membrane – gives rise to inner membrane by splitting
• c) Part (A) : Matrix – major site for respiratory chain enzymes
• d) Part (C) : Cristae – possess single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes

Answer: Part (B) : Inner membrane – forms infoldings called cristae

Question: The main arena of various types of activities of a cell is

• a) Cytoplasm
• b) Mitochondria
• c) Plasma membrane
• d) Nucleus

Answer: Cytoplasm

Question: The plasma membrane consists mainly of

• a) Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
• b) Proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules
• c) Phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer
• d) Proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer

Answer:  Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

Question: Which one of the following has its own DNA?

• a) Mitochondria
• b) Dictyosome
• c) Lysosome
• d) Peroxisome

Answer: Mitochondria

Question: Which one of the following statements about the particular entity is true?

• a) The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell
• b) Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides
• c) DNA consists of a core of eight histones
• d) Centromere is found in animal cells, which produces aster during cell division

Answer: The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell