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MCQ for Full Syllabus Biology Cell Structure and Function
Full Syllabus Biology students should refer to the following multiple-choice questions with answers for Cell Structure and Function in Full Syllabus.
Cell Structure and Function MCQ Questions Full Syllabus Biology with Answers
IMPORTANT POINTS
All living organism are made up of cell. cell is a structural and functinal unit of organism. some organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular. Each cell is having potentiality to produce a new individual.This is called totipotency of cell.
On the basis of presence or absence of membrane bound nucleus, organisms are classified into prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Eukaryotes include plants and animals hence,eukaryotic cells are further classified into plant cells and animal cells.
Major differences between plant cells and animal cells are presence of cell wall,plastids and vacuole in plant cells. A typical eukaryotic cell consists of a cell membrane,cytoplasm and nucleus. Cell membrane also called plasma-membrane is the outermost layer of animal cell and located inner to cell wall in plant cell.
Eukaryotic cell posseses membrane bound oraganelles like endoplasmic reticulum,golgi apparatus, lysosomes,and vacuoles.
Endoplasmic reticulum is made up of cisternae.Endoplasmic reticulum having ribosomes on its outer- surface is called rough endo- plasnic reticulum.It is associated with the synthesis of protein.
Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes is known as smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It take part in the synthesis of lipid. Goigi apparatus is made up of flattened sac like structure.
Lysosomes are surrounded by a single layer wall.They contain enzymes which digest all macromolecules. In plant cell large vacuole are present which possess a membrane called tonoplast.
As the mitochondria are associated with the generation of ATP they are called power house of cell.
The chloroplast is a double layered structure and possess grana and stroma.
70s type ribosomes are present in prokaryotic cells while 80s type of ribosomes are present in eukaryotic cells. The shape of cytoplasm and the shape of cell is maintained by cytoskeleton which is made up of microfilament, microtubules and intermediate filaments.
Eukaryotic cell possesses nucleas, nucler membrane,nucleous and chromatin. Depending on the position of centromere chromosomes are four types, like Metacentric,sub-metacentric,Acrocentric and Telocentric.
1. It is responsible for begininig of the life of organisms.
(A) Tissue (B) Zygote (C) Cell (D) Embryonic layer
2.Who proposed the cell theory.
(A) Singer and Nicholsen (B) Schwann and schleiden
(C) Hook and Brown (D) Robertson
3.Who proposed that new cells arise through cell division of pre-existing cells.
(A) Robert Hook (B) Rudolf Virchow
(C) Robert Brown (D) Singer
4. It is the Smallest Cell.
(A) Bacteria (B) Mycoplasm (C) Yeast (D) Blue green algae
5. Prokaryotic cells have which architectural regions?
(A) Cell (B) Appendages (C) Nucleus (D) a-b-c,all
6. The association of more than one ribosome with a single molecule of m-RNA complex is called as...
(A) Polypeptide (B) Polysome (C) Polymer (D) Poly Saccharide
7. Which structure possess flagellin protein?
(A) Muscles fiber (B) Flagellum (C) Pilli (D) a,b,c-all
8. The cell wall of algae is made up of which substance?
(A) Protein (B) Mannans (C) Lipid (D) a,b,c-all
9. The cells involved in large amount of lipid synthesis,do not possess this orgenelle on Endoplasmicreticulum.
(A) Mitochondrion (B) Ribosomes
(C) Golgi apparatus (D) lysosome
10. In mitochodria, it contains F-particles.
(A) Matrix (B) Cristae (C) Outer layer (D) a-b-c,all
11. The materials essential for dark reaction are located in
(A) Circular-DNA (B) Thylakoids (C) Stroma (D) Ribosomes
12. Microfilaments are made up of
(A) Fat (B) Protein (C)Carbohydrates (D) Nucleic acid
13. It possess Flagella.
(A) Paramoecium (B) Euglena (C) Amoeba (D)Yeast
14. It directs formation of the bipolar spindle during cell division.
(A) Golgi body (B) Centriole (C) Ribosome (D) Cilia
15. In human which cell lacks nucleus.
(A) Lymphocyte (B) RBC (C) Monocytes (D) Neutrophils
16. The unit of phloem in which nucleus is absent.
(A) Sieve cell (B) Sieve tube
(C) Companion cell (D) Phloem parenchyma
17. No membrane surrouds in this organelle.
(A)Lysosome (B)Nucleolus (C)Golgi body (D)Nucleus
18. It actively synthesized r-RNA.
(A) Nucleoplasm (B) Nucleolus (C)Nucleus (D)a-b-c,all
19. In each chromosome centromere possessing disc shaped structure is
(A) Satellite (B) Kinetochore (C) Long arm (D) Short arm
20. Bacteria possess small DNA other than circular DNA which is called as___
(A) Cosmid (B) Plasmid (C) Plastid (D) Starid
21. It shows presence of Nucleoid.
(A) Plant cell (B) Bacteria (C) Animal cell (D) Virus
22. The cell wall of fungi is made up of which substance?
(A) Starch (B) Chitin (C) Cellulose (D) Pectin
23. Which organelle is not considered as a part of Endomembrane system?
(A) Vacuole (B) Chloroplast
(C) Endoplasmic reticulum (D) Lyso some
24. Chromosome in which centromere is located at the end is___
(A) Acrocentric (B) Telo centric
(C) Meta centric (D) Sub-meta centric
25. Select unicellular organism which possess cillia.
(A) Amoeba (B) Paramoecium (C) Yeast (D) Opalina
26. Which is the example of unicellular organism?
(A) Chlamydomonas (B) Spirogyra (C) Mushroom (D) Chiton
27. Who mentioned that cells had a thin layer around them?
(A) Schwann (B) Virchow (C) Schleiden (D)Robert Hook
28. Who mention that the presence of a cell wall is an unique character of the plant cell?
(A) Schwann (B) Virchow (C) Schleiden (D) Robert Brown
29. Which organelles are found only in animal cell?
(A) Centriole (B) Mitochondria (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Chloroplast
30. Which is biggest animal cell?
(A) Ostrich’s egg (B) Hen’s egg (C) PPLO (D) Mycoplasma
31. In some of Bacteria the outer-most layer is a loose sheath layer called as___
(A) Slime layer (B) Capsule (C) Cell membrane (D) Glucocalyx
32. What is the function of SER?
(A) Synthesis of Steroid hormone (B) Synthesis of protein
(C) Synthesis of enzyme (D) a,b,c,all
33. How many unit occur in each stackpile of golgi apparatus?
(A) 4 to 8 (B)2 to 6 (C) 4 to 6 (D) 2 to 8
34. What is produce when vesicle are separated from golgi body?
(A) Lysosome (B) Vacuoles (C) Ribosomes (D) Chloroplast
35. The area the cytoplasn without any cytoplasm are called as___
(A) Vacuoles (B) Chloroplast (C) Cytoplasmic Gap (D) Mitochondria
36. Which organelle is responsible for degradation of worn out cells?
(A) Lysosome (B) Golgi apparatus
(C) Vacuoles (D) Endoplasmic Reticulum
37. What is the diameter of mitochondrion?
(A) 0.2-1.0μm (B) 1.0-4.1μm (C) 0.02-0.10μ m (D) 1.5-2.5μm
38. What is the length of mitochondrion?
(A) 1.0-4.1 μm (B) 0.2-1.0μ m (C) 2.5-2.8μ m (D) 1.9-6.4μm
39. which plastid is not included as a chromoplast?
(A) Chloroplast (B) Carotene (C) Xanthophyllus (D) Anthrocyanin
40. Which plastids possess chlorophyll pigments?
(A) Chloroplast (B) Xanthophyllus (C) Anthrocyanin (D) Carotene
41. How many grana present in one chloroplast?
(A) 40-60 (B) 42-47 (C) 60-80 (D) 02-100
42. Each granum possesses how many thylakoids?
(A) 02-100 (B) 90-93 (C) 19-89 (D) 19-38
43. In peripheral region of centriole nine triplets are arranged at which angles?
(A) 40° (B) 60° (C) 30° (D) 90°
44. This organelle possesses 9+0 structure.
(A) Centriole (B) Cillia (C) Flagella (D) a,b,c-all
45. Various colours in flower fruit and seeds are due to presence of which pigment?
(A) Anthocyanin (B) Chlorophyll (C) Chloroplast (D) a,b,c-all
46. What is the diameter of cisternae in golgi apparatus?
(A) 0.5μm-1μm (B) 0.5 mm-1 mm (C) 5 μm-10 μm (D)0.05 μm-1μm
47. Which organelle possess hydrolase enzyme?
(A) Lysosome (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Mitochondria (D) Chloroplast
48. The leucoplast which stores protein is known as___
(A) Aleuroplasts (B) Chloroplasts (C) Amyloplasts (D) Elaioplasts
49. The protoplast surrounding the centriole is called as__
(A) Centrosphere (B) Centrofibre (C) Centroradus (D) centroboides
50. Like zygote any cell of the body is capable of producing a new individual is known as____
(A) Totipotency (B) Differentiation (C) Growth (D) Reproduction
51. Which organelle is associated in the formation of basal granules, cillia and flagella?
(A) Centrosome (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Mitochondra (D) Lysosome
52. The number of mitochondria per cell depends upon the___
(A) Physiological activity of the cell (B) Types of cell
(C) Shape of cell (D) Size of cell
53. How many basic shapes of Bacteria are there ?
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 1
54. Which structure serves as a protective layer agaimst attack by phagocytes and by viruses?
(A) Capsule (B) Appendages (C) Mesosome (D) Mitochondria
55. How much diameter of ribosome in prokaryotic cell?
(A) 20 nm (B) 40 nm (C) 10 nm (D) 15 nm
56. Which organelle possesses circular DNA?
(A) Chloroplast (B) Lysosome (C) Ribosome (D) Golgi appartus
Assertion (P) and (Q) type Questions:
(a) Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are true and reason (B) is correct explanation of the assertion A.
(b) Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are true but reason B is not a correct explanation of the assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (B) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason B is true.
(A) (P - 3) (Q - 1) (R - 2)
(B) (P - 1) (Q - 2) (R - 3)
(C) (P - 2) (Q - 3) (R - 1)
80. Which asseration is false ?
(a) Sucidal bag possess double layer structure
(b) Mitochondria are self replicating organelles
(c) Virchow give the final shape of the cell theory
(d) Active transport occurs against the concentration gradient
81. What is main difference between active and passive transport?
(a) Active transport occurs by ATP. (b) Active transport occurs fast.
(c) Energy is necessary for passive transport. (d) Passive transport is a non-selective transport.
82. Where the Chlorophyll is present in chloroplast?
(a) In thyllakoid(b) In Stroma (c) In grana and stroma (d) In outer membrane
83. Select,which assertion is false.
(a) Chloroplast and mitochondria both possess internal variation.Thylakoid lumen is not covered by thylakoid membrane.
(b) Chloroplast and mitochondria both possess DNA.
(c) Chloroplast and mitochondria both possess external and internal membrane.
(d) Normally chloroplast is larger than mitochondria
84. In plant cell vacuole is _______ .
(a) Membrane bound structure which stores various substance and excrete them.
(b) Without membranous structure.
(c) Without membranous structure which stores protein and lipid
(d) With membranous structure which stores protein and lipid.
85. Middle lamella is made up of which substance?
(a) Calcium pectate (b) Hemicellulose (c) Muramic acid (d) Phosphoglyceride
86. In higher plant stroma of chloroplast possesses...
(a) Enzyme for dark reaction. (b) Chlorophyll
(c) Ribosomes (d) Light reaction related enzyme.
87. Microfilaments are ________ .
(a) Structure connects cytoplasm of two near by cells
(b) Locomotive structure
(c) Structure joints nucleus and cytoplasm
(d) Lignified layers between two cells.
88. The subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes are ________ .
(a) 50S + 30S (b) 60S + 40S (c) 40S + 30S (d) 60S + 50S
89. In which phase the chromosomes appear clear.
(a) Metaphase (b) Telophase (c) Prophase (d) Anaphase
90. The plasma membrane is made up of ________ .
(a) Protein and lipid (b) Only lipid
(c) Carbohydrate and lipid (d) Carbohydrate and protein
91. Smooth endoplasmic recticulum is a synthesis site of which substance?
(a) Lipid (b) Protein (c) Carbohydrate (d) Nucleic acid
92. In the following which sentance is false?
(a) Lysosome possesses double layer structure. (b) Lysosome is a suicidal bag.
(c) Lysosome digests all macromolecules. (d) Lysosome possesses hydrolase enzyme.
93. “Cell is a structural and functional unit of organisms”. who found out?
(a) Schleiden and schwann (b) Robert Hook
(c) Aristotal (d) Mendel
94. Prokaryotics differ form eukaryotics in ________ .
(a) Cell wall and DNA (b) Plasma membrane and nucleus
(c) Plastid and nucleus (d) DNA and mitochondria
95. What is correct about Fluid-mosaic model?
(a) A lipid bilayer and protein included in it.
(b) Above protein layer,one layer of phospholipid is present
(c) Above protein layer,two layer of phospholipid is present
(d) Protein bilayer and phospholipid is included isn it.
96. Select the correct option from column - I and column - II
97. Nucleolus is ________
(A) Located in nucleus,Possess r-RNA and chromatin and possess a spherical structure.
(b) Rod like structure present near nucleus.
(c) Spherical structure present in cytoplasm near nucleus.
(d) None of these
98. Aldolase enzyme related with which organelles?
(a) Cell-matrix (b) Chloroplast (c) Nucleus (d) Mitochondria
99. Mitochondria stores___
(a) ATP (b) Protein (c) Carbohydrate (d) Lipid
100. For the synthesis of new protein and protein transport which organelle is related?
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum (b) Chloroplast (c) Mitichondria (d) Lysosome
101. Where,ribosomes synthesis takes place?
(a) Nucleolus (b) Nucleus (c) Golgi body (d) Plasma membrane
102. Golgi apparatus is produced from which organelle ?
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum (b) Plasmamembrane
(c) Mitochondria (d) Ribosomes
103. It is a power house of cell.
(a) Mitochondria (b) Chloroplast
(c) Nucleus (d) Golgi-apparatus
104. Mitochondria is organelle of which process?
(a) Kreb’s cycle (b) Glycolysis (c) Hill reaction (d) Calvin cycle
105. Where ETS Occur’s?
(a) Inner membrane of mitochondria (b) Outer membrane of mitochondria
(c) Matrix of mitochondria (d) None
106. Cytoskeleton is made up of ________ .
(a) Proteinous fibre (b) micro particles of CaCO3
(c) Cellulose (d) Callose
107. In higher plants cell wall is made up of which substance?
(a) Cellulose (b) Peptidoglycan (c) Lipoprotein (D) Callose
108. In Eukaryotic cell cytoskeleton is made up of ________
(a) Microtubules (b) Microfilaments (c) Tubulin (d) all
109. Who suggested that new cell arise through cell division of preexisting cells?
(a) Virchow (b) Schwann (c) Robert Hook (d) Schleidn
110. Which organelle is observed in animal cell but absent in plant cell?
(a) Centriole (b) Mitochondria
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum (d) Golgi apparatus
111. Who proposed fluid-mosaic model?
(a) Singer and Nicolson (b) Beadel and Tatum
(c) Robertson and Miller (d) Watson and Crick
112. Which type of arrangement is shown by flagella of eukaryotic cell?
(a) 9+2 Arrangement (b) 2+9 Arrengement (c) 7+2 Arrangement (d) 9+0 Arrangement
113. Microtubules are made up of by which protein?
(a) Tubulin (b) Myosin (c) Actin (d) Durable protein
114. Bacteria possess which type of ribosomes?
(a) 70S (b) 80S (c) 60S (d) 40S
115. _______ is a currency of the energy.
(a) ATP (b) NAD (c) FAD (d) Glucose
116. _______is a site for synthesis of glycolipids and glycoproteins.
(a) Golgi apparatus (b) Lysosome (c) Plastid (d) Mitochondria
117. The Orgenelle,which is related with production of ATP is ________ .
(a) Mitochondria (b) Ribosomes
(c) Golgi apparatus (d) Endo plasmic reticulum
118. How many layers are there in the structure of thylakoid?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
119. Each ribosome are made up of how many subunits ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
120. Give name of organelle,which is surrounded by a single layered wall.
(a) Lysosome (b) Mitochondria (c) Chloroplast (d) Nucleus
121. Give the name of sucidal bag of plant cell.
(a) Lysosome (b) Mitochondria (c) Endoplasmic reticulum (d) Nucleus
122. In the following diagram what do A and B indicate ?
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