CBSE Class 10 Social Science Development Assignment Set B

 

Question. What are the developmental goals of landless rural labourers, prosperous farmers and, farmers who depend only on rains?
Answer : Developmental goals and aspirations for these farmers are different.
(i) Landless Rural Labourers: They would like to have more days of work and better wages; local schools to provide quality education to their children; there should not be any social discrimination so that they too can become leaders in the village.
(ii) Prosperous Farmers: They should have assurance of high family income through higher support prices for their crops through hardworking and cheap labourers. They also want that they should be able to settle their children abroad.
(iii) Farmers who Depend Only on Rains: These kind of farmers’ main goal is to have irrigational facilities, crop insurances on less premium and better facilities of life for them as well as their children.

Question. Which indicators are taken into consideration for measuring Human Development Index (HDI)?
Answer : (i) Per capita income (ii) Life expectancy at birth
(iii) Literacy rate for 15+ population (iv) Gross enrolment ratio for three levels.

Question. How does UN on the basis of Human Development Report compare countries?
Answer : UNDP compares countries based on:
(i) the educational levels of the people (ii) their health status and
(iii) per capita income.

Answer : Different people have different goals for development because:

Different people have different aspiration and desire. Some may like to have `more income and better quality of education for their children, while others may require no social discrimination and high support price for their crops. So according to the living conditions and the environment in which the person stays, he or she pursue for the goals. People seek things that are most important for them i.e., that which can fulfill their aspiration or desires.

 

Answer : The total income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. For comparison between countries, total income is not such a useful measure. Since countries have different population, comparing total income will not tell us what an average people is likely to earn. Hence we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population.

So, Average income = Total income/ Total population

The average income is also called per capita income.

 

Answer : (i) Control the rate of increasing population.

(ii) Use of latest technology, irrigation facility, chemical fertilizers, and all information should be provided to farmers.

(iii) New economic policy, international trade, liberalization and globalization should be adopted sincerely and effectively.

(iv) Adequate facilities related with infrastructure, education, health, electricity, water, transport etc should be provided to all people of all regions and areas.

Question. What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
Answer :  Per Capita Income is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries.
 The limitation of this criterion are:
It doesn’t show distribution of income.
It also ignores other factors such as infant mortality rate, literacy level, healthcare, etc.

Question. Why do we use averages? Are there any limitations to their use? Illustrate with your own examples related to development.
Answer : We use averages because they are useful for comparing differing quantities of the same category. For example, to compute the per capita income of a country, averages have to be used because there are differences in the incomes of diverse people. However, there are limitations to the use of averages. This does not show distribution of thing between people.
For an example, if a country has very high per capita income then we can’t say that citizen living in that country are very rich because we are not knowing about the distribution of wealth in that country. Some people might be richer while other people are very poorer in that country.

Question. Find out the present sources of energy that are used by the people in India. What could bethe other possibilities fifty years from now?
Answer : The present sources of energy that are used by the people of India are electricity, coal, crude oil, cow dung and solar energy. Other possibilities fifty years from now, could include ethanol, bio-diesel, nuclear energy and a better utilisation of wind energy, especially with the imminent danger of oil resources running out.

Question. “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person”. How is this statement relevant to the discussion of development? Discuss.
Answer :  “The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person”. This statement is relevant to the discussion of development since both resources and development go hand in hand. For the sustainability of development, the maintenance of resources is also crucial. As the statement claims, the Earth has enough resources- renewable and non-renewable to satisfy everyone’s needs; however, these need to be used with a view to keep the environment protected and clean so that a balance of production and use is maintained, and shortages are avoided.

 

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Long Answer Questions

 

Question. ‘‘Conflicting goals can be developmental goals”. Elaborate with examples.
Answer : At times, two persons or group of persons may seek things which are conflicting.
- A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother, and that he also shares in the household work. Her brother may not like this.
- Similarly, to get more electricity, industrialists may want more dams. But this may submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people, who are displaced, such as the tribals.

CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1 Development Source-based Question

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:

How is it that the average person in Haryana has more income than the average person in Kerala but lags behind in these crucial areas? The reason is — money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well. So, income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example, normally, your money cannot buy you a pollution-free environment or ensure that you get unadulterated medicines, unless you can afford to shift to a community that already has all these things. Money may also not be able to protect you from infectious diseases, unless the whole of your community takes preventive steps.

Question. Why is income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services?
Answer : The reason is — money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well.

Question. What are the things money cannot buy?
Answer : Health, Fresh air, water, sunlight etc.

Question. Why is that Haryana having more income than Kerala lags behind Kerala?
Answer : This is because money cannot buy everything including health, fresh air etc.