CBSE Class 10 Social Science Minerals And Energy Resources Worksheet

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Study the picture and answer the question that follows :

Which gas plant is this ?
(a) Thermal power plant
(b) Nuclear power plant
(c) Biogas power plant
(d) Solar plant
Answer : C

Question : How many minerals are identified yet ?
(a) 1000
(b) Over 2000
(c) 3000
(d) Over 3000
Answer : B

Question : Rocks are combinations of homogeneous substances called _______________ .
(a) Minerals
(b) Ores
(c) Limestone
(d) Metals
Answer : A

Question : Study the picture and answer the question that follows :

Which of the following best signifies the above image ?
(a) Biogas Plant
(b) Wind Mills
(c) Coal Mine
(d) Bauxite Mine
Answer : A

Question : _____________ is a low grade brown coal which is soft with high moisture content.
(a) Bituminous
(b) Anthracite
(c) Metallurgical
(d) Lignite
Answer : D

Question : Igneous, metamorphic rocks and minerals may occur in the _______________ .
(a) Cracks
(b) Crevices
(c) Faults or Joints
(d) All of these
Answer : D

Question : In which areas sedimentary minerals are formed as a result of evaporation ?
(a) Semi-arid regions
(b) Dry regions
(c) Arid regions
(d) Moist regions
Answer : C

Question : _____________ deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates. 
(a) Bauxite
(b) Copper
(c) Mica
(d) Zinc
Answer : A

Question : Which mineral contains calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate ?
(a) Manganese
(b) Limestone
(c) Mica
(d) Iron
Answer : B

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question : Assertion : Geological processes of mineral formation is slow.
Reason : Minerals resources are consumed way quickly than they are formed.
Answer : (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Developed resources are surveyed and their quality and quantity are determined.
Reason : Tamil Nadu and Gujarat have enormous potential for wind and solar energy.
Answer : (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Increased use of fossil fuels creates a healthy environment.
Reason : Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas are arduously obtained from natural resources.
Answer : (d) A is false but R is true.

Question : Assertion : Iron ore is the basic mineral and the backbone of India.
Reason : India is rich in good quality iron ore.
Answer : (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question : Assertion : Thermal power stations are located on or near the coalfields.
Reason : Coal is a bulky material.
Answer : (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : How are bauxite deposits formed?
Answer : Bauxite deposits are formed by decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.

Question : Which place is the most suitable for setting up tidal energy power plant in India ?
Answer : In India, the Gulf of Kachchh provides ideal conditions for utilizing tidal energy. A 900 MW tidal energy power plant is set up here by the National Hydropower Corporation.

Question : Match the following items given in column A with those in column B.

Answer : (a) 4, (b) 3, (c) 2, (d) 1

Question : What are the properties of mica ?
Answer : Mica is a mineral made up of a series of plates or leaves. It splits easily into thin sheets. These sheets can be so thin that a thousand such sheets can be layered into a mica sheet of a few centimetres high.

Question : What does a geologist do ?
Answer : A geologist studies the formation of minerals, their age and their physical and chemical composition.

Question : Why do Geographers study minerals ?
Answer : Geographers study minerals as a part of the earth's crust for a better understanding of landforms.

Question : Where are mica deposits found ?
Answer : Mica deposits are found in the northern edge of Chhota Nagpur Plateau, Rajasthan. Koderma-Gaya-Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is the leading producer.

Question : Choose the correct option from columns A and B.

Answer : 

Question : How can you classify the energy resources ?
Answer : The energy resources can be classified into two types -
Conventional sources and Non-Conventional sources.
Conventional sources are coal, petroleum, natural gas, firewood cattle dung.
Non-Conventional sources are wind, tidal, solar, geothermal, biogas and atomic energy.

Question : How does electricity get generated ?
Answer : Electricity is generated mainly in two ways : by running water which drives hydro turbines to generate hydroelectricity and by burning other fuels to drive turbines to produce thermal power.

Question : State the twin benefits of gobar gas plant to farmers.
Answer : Gobar gas plants provide twin benefits to the farmers in the form of energy and improved quality of manure. It prevents the loss of trees and manure due to burning of fuel wood and cow dung cakes.

Question : How are bauxite deposits formed ?
OR
How is bauxite obtained ?
Answer : Bauxite is formed by the decomposition of surface rocks and the removal of soluble constituents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material.

Question : Where is bauxite found ?
Answer : India's bauxite deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau, Maikal hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.

Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : What do you understand by Tidal energy ? Which area provides suitable conditions for using it ?
Answer : Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tide falls outside the floodgate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via a pipe that carries it through a power generating turbine. In India, the Gulf of Kachchh provides ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy. A 900 MW tidal energy power plant is set up here by the National Hydropower Corporation. 

Question : How is the petroleum occurrences associated with fault traps in India ?
Answer : Most of the petroleum occurrences in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps in the rock formations of the tertiary age. In regions of folding, anticlines or domes, it occurs where oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold. The oil bearing layer is a porous limestone or sandstone through which oil may flow. The oil is prevented from rising or sinking by intervening non-porous layers. Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks. Gas, being lighter usually occurs above the oil. 

Question : How are energy resources classified? Give two examples for each.
Answer : Energy resource is classified into conventional and nonconventional energy resource.
Conventional resource is the one which can be found in nature, for example, coal and petroleum.
Non-conventional resource is the one which is created by man through a natural resource.
For example : solar energy and wind energy. 

Question : What are the uses of limestone ? Which states are the leading producers of limestone ?
Answer : Limestone is found in association with rocks composed of calcium carbonates or calcium and magnesium carbonates. It is found in sedimentary rocks of most geological formations. It is the basic raw material for the cement industry and essential for smelting iron ore in the blast furnace.
Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh Karnataka and Chhattisgarh are the major states where limestone is produced in abundance. 

Question : Why conservation of minerals is necessary ?
Answer : Conservation of minerals is necessary because :
(i) Minerals take millions of years to form.
(ii) Minerals are limited non-renewable and exhaustible in nature.
(iiii) The rate of replenishment of minerals is infinitely small in comparison to the rate of consumption.
(iv) Minerals have to be preserved for our future also. 

Question : What are the different forms of Non-conventional energy ?
Answer : Different forms of Non-conventional energy are :
(i) Nuclear Energy – Obtained by altering the structure of atom.
(ii) Solar Energy – Obtained by sun or solar.
(iii) Wind Energy – Obtain by wind.
(iv) Tidal Energy – Obtained by water.
(v) Geo thermal Energy – Obtained by heat of the earth. 

Question : Why it is not preferred to use firewood and cattle dung as energy resource ?
Answer : The energy resources can be classified into two types :
Conventional sources and Non-Conventional sources.
Conventional sources of energy like firewood and cattle dung cake are most common in rural India. According to one estimate, more than 70 per cent energy requirement in rural households is met by these two : continuation of these is increasingly becoming difficult due to decreasing forest area. At the same time, usage of dunk cake is also discouraged as it consumes the most valuable manure, which could be used in agriculture.

Question :  Why is conservation of minerals important?
Answer : (i) Minerals are important for the development of a country. Various substances manufactured from minerals industry and agriculture depend on them.
(ii) Minerals are already in short supply and their consumption is so fast. We must keep it in mind that the total volume of workable mineral deposits is an insignificant fraction, i.e. one per cent of the earth’s crust.
(iii) Minerals require millions of years to be created and concentrated. The geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to present rates of consumption.
(iv) Mineral resources are finite and non-renewable continued extraction of ores leads to increasing costs as mineral extraction comes from greater depths along with the decrease in quality.
It has therefore, become essential to conserve minerals. 

Question :  Iron ore is the basic mineral of India. How? Which values are associated with it?
Answer : (i) Iron ore is considered the backbone of India’s industrial development.
(ii) They provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries in India. 

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Minerals and Energy Resources

Question : Why is energy important to us ? How can we conserve energy in our daily lives ?
Answer : In today's life, energy is very important to us. Energy is required for almost all activities. It is required for cooking, to provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries.
It is the basic requirement for economic development. Every sector of national economy - agriculture, industry, transport and commerce needs greater inputs of energy. Energy demands, in the form of electricity, are growing because of the increasing use of electrical gadgets and appliances.
We can conserve energy by :
(i) Switching of electrical devices when not in use.
(ii) Using more of public transport.
(iii) Using non-conventional sources of energy.
(iv) Getting the power equipment regularly checked to detect damages and leakages. 

Question : Describe any three characteristics of Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Belt iron-ore belt in India.
Answer : The characteristics of Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Belt are as follows :
(i) This belt lies in the Chattisgarh and Maharashtra states.
(ii) In the Bastar district of Chattisgarh, Hematite iron ore of very high grade is found in the Bailadila hills.
(iii) Bailadila hills have 14 deposits of hematite iron ore. 

Question : What are minerals? How are minerals classified ? Explain briefly.
Answer : Minerals are homogenous naturally occurring substances with a definable internal structure. Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc.
Minerals are classified as :

(i) Metallic minerals :
(a) Ferrous minerals which contain iron. Examples of such minerals are iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc.
(b) Non-ferrous minerals which do not contain iron contents.
Examples of such minerals are copper, lead, tin, bauxite, etc.
(c) Precious minerals which have high economic value.
Examples of precious minerals are gold, silver and platinum.
(ii) Non-metallic minerals : Examples of non-metallic minerals are mica, salt, potash, sulphur, granite, limestone, marble, sandstone, etc.
(iii) Energy minerals : These minerals provide energy. Examples of energy minerals are coal, petroleum and natural gas. 

Question : “Manufacturing sector is considered the backbone of development” Explain.
Answer : Manufacturing sector is the backbone of development because :
(i) Agriculture is said to be the backbone of the Indian economy and the manufacturing industries help in modernisation of agriculture sector also reducing the dependence on the agriculture sector by providing employment opportunities in secondary and tertiary sectors.
(ii) Industrial development is a precondition for the eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country. This was the main philosophy behind the public sector setup of industries and joint sector ventures in India. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.
(iii) Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce, and brings in much needed foreign exchange.
(iv) Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value are prosperous. India's prosperity lies in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries as quickly as possible.

Question : Why energy is needed? How can we conserve energy resources ? Explain.
Answer : Energy is obtained in various forms. We require fuel in our day to day transportation, be it personal vehicles or public transport. It plays a major role in the economy of a nation. A country's defence is based on the source of energy. Energy can be conserved by proper usage of resources. Secondly, we can use more of renewable energy in place of perishable energy and use more e-vehicles in place of conventional fuel based vehicles.

Question : Distinguish between Conventional and Non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer : 

Question : Why is the conservation of minerals necessary ?
Answer : (i) All the industries and agriculture depend upon mineral deposits and the substances manufactured from them. The total volume of workable mineral deposits is an insignificant fraction, i.e., one per cent of the earth's crust.
(ii) We are rapidly consuming mineral resources that required millions of years to be created and concentrated.
(iii) The geological process of mineral formation is so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to the present rates of consumption. Mineral resources are therefore, finite and non-renewable.
(iv) Rich mineral deposits are our country's extremely valuable but short-lived possessions.
(v) Continued extraction of ores leads to increasing costs as mineral extraction comes from greater depths along with a decrease in quality.
Thus, it is high time when we should think of conserving our minerals for the future need and generations. 

Question : Name some river valley projects and write the names of the dams built on these rivers.
Answer : River valley projects Dams
(i) Bhakra Nangal project on river Sutlej : Bhakra Nangal Dam
(ii) Chambal valley project : Gandhi Sagar, Ratna Pratap Sagar, Jawahar Sagar
(iii) Mahanadi river project : Hirakud
(iv) Rihand project on river Son : Rihand
(v) Krishna river project : Nagarjuna Sagar
(vi) Farakka project on river Ganga : Farakka
(vii) Tungabhadra river project : Tungabhadra

Question : Which is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India? Assess the importance of its different forms.
Answer : Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India. Importance of its different forms is as follows :
(i) Peat :
(a) Decaying plants in swamps produce peat.
(b) It has low carbon and high moisture contents and low heating capacity.
(ii) Lignite :
(a) It has 60-70% carbon, brown in colour, soft and has high moisture content.
(b) It is used for electricity generation.
(c) It has the lowest heat content per kg.
(iii) Bituminous :
(a) It is used for commercial purpose especially ideal for smelting iron in blast furnaces.
(b) It has 75-90% carbon content, dense sedimentary rock, usually black in colour and has medium heat content per kg.
(c) It is also used for making coke.
(iii) Anthracite :
(a) It is used in the metal smelting and fabrication industries especially used as a reduction agent for various applications, i.e., briquetting charcoal, iron-ore pellets and other uses.
(b) It has more than 90% carbon content per kg and its heating content per kg is the highest.
(c) It is also used in residential and commercial space heating.

Source/Case Based Questions  

Question : Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows : 

Source A-Tidal Energy
Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tide falls outside the flood gate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via a pipe that carries it through a powergenerating turbine. 

Source B- Biogas
Shrubs, farm waste, animal and human waste are used to produce biogas for domestic consumption in rural areas. Decomposition of organic matter yields gas, which has higher thermal efficiency in comparison to kerosene, dung cake and charcoal. Biogas plants are set up at municipal, cooperative and individual levels. The plants using cattle dung are known as ‘Gobar gas plants’ in rural India. 

Source C- Nuclear or Atomic Energy
Nuclear or Atomic Energy is obtained by altering the structure of atoms. When such an alteration is made, much energy is released in the form of heat and this is used to generate electric power. Uranium and Thorium, which are available in Jharkhand and the Aravalli ranges of Rajasthan are used for generating atomic or nuclear power. The Monazite sands of Kerala is also rich in Thorium. 

(i) What will generate by the oceanic tides ?
Answer : Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. 

(ii) What do Gobar Gas plants operates on ?
Answer : The plants using cattle dung are known as 'Gobar gas plants' in rural India. 

(iii) How atomic energy is obtained ?
Answer : Nuclear or Atomic Energy is obtained by altering the structure of atoms.