CBSE Class 10 Geography Forest And Wildlife Resources Worksheet Set A

Question. Which is the first project for Wildlife Conservation in India?
(a) Project Elephant
(b) Project Tiger
(c) Project Crocodile
(d) None of these

Answer : B

Question. Which of the following factor is responsible for depletion of forest and wildlife?
(a) Agricultural expansion
(b) Mining
(c) Grazing
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

Question. In which one of the following states is Periyar Tiger Reserves located?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Assam
(c) Uttaranchal
(d) Kerala

Answer : D

Question. In which year, the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented?
(a) 1970
(b) 1971
(c) 1972
(d) 1974

Answer : A

Question. Which is the following National Park is the site dedicated to preservation of one-horned rhinoceros?
(a) Bandhavgarh National Park
(b) Buxa Wildlife Reserve
(c) Kaziranga National Park
(d) All of the above

Answer : C

Question. Which one of the following states has the largest area under permanent forest?
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Jammu & Kashmir
(c) Punjab
(d) Madhya Pradesh

Answer : D

Question. Which of the following is a vulnerable species in India?
(a) Blue sheep
(b) Asiatic elephant
(c) Indian rhino
(d) Both a and b

Answer : D

Question. Which one of the following is located in West Bengal?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable

Answer : B

Question. Which of the following animals of India are critical on the threatened list?
(a) Mountain quail
(b) Pink-headed duck
(c) Cheetah
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

Question. Which one of the following is a great achievement of the Chipko Movement?
(a) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
(b) Punjab
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand

Answer : C

Question. The diverse flora and fauna of the planet are under great threat mainly due to:
(a) Global Warming
(b) Lack of water availability
(c) Insensitivity to our environment
(d) Increasing pollution

Answer : C

Question. Which one of the following was launched in 1973?
(a) Project Tiger
(b) Indian Wildlife Act
(c) Wildlife Act
(d) Indian Wildlife Protection Act

Answer : A

Question. Which one of the following is a medicinal plant used to treat some types of cancer?
(a) Himalayan Yew
(b) Himalayan Oak
(c) Madhuca insignis
(d) Hubbardia heptaneuron

Answer : A

Question. An endemic cattle mithun is only found in
(a) Andaman
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Assam
(d) Kerala

Answer : B

Question. When was Asiatic Cheetah declared extinct in India?
(a) 1948
(b) 1952
(c) 1960
(d) 2005

Answer : B

Question. In which year was Indian Wildife (Protection) Act introduced?
(a) 1980
(b) 1982
(c) 1972
(d) 1992

Answer : C

Question. Which one of the following is an endangered species of Manipur?
(a) Blue Sheep
(b) Asiatic Buffalo
(c) Sangai (brow anter deer)
(d) Cattle

Answer : C

Question. “The species that are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur” are known as:
(a) Normal species
(b) Vulnerable species
(c) Extinct species
(d) Rare species

Answer : C

FILL IN THE BLANK :

Question. The percentage of forest cover in India is .......... .

Answer : 19.39%

Question. Himalaya Yew is found in .......... .

Answer : Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh

Question. Simipal is located in the state of .......... .

Answer : Orissa

Question. Narmada Sagar Project is in the state of .......... .

Answer : Madhya Pradesh

Question. ‘Project Tiger’ was started in .......... .

Answer : 1973

Question. Jhumming is a type of .......... . 

Answer : Agriculture

TRUE/FALSE :

Question. Fauna is a plant life present in a particular region or time.

Answer : Fulse

Question. India is very poor as far as flora and fauna are concerned.

Answer : Fulse

Question. Nearly 1,500 plant species are considered endangered.

Answer : True

Question. Desert fox is a ‘rare’ species.
Answer : True

Question. Thousands of yew trees have dried up in various parts in Himachal and Arunachal Pradesh.

Answer : True

Question. Flora is a plant life occuring in a particular region or time.

Answer : True

ASSERTION AND REASON :

DIRECTION : In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Himalayan Yew is a medicinal plant
Reason : It has healing qualities.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : Forests plays a key role in the ecological system.
Reason : Forest are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : Destruction of forests and wildlife resulted into the loss of cultural diversity.
Reason : The conservation of forests and wildlife is essential to provide a better quality of life.

Answer : B

Question. Assertion : Neglect of our environment has led to the destruction and extinction of many species of animals and plant life.
Reason : Decreasing Forest cover area is a major reason of destruction of species.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : We need to conserve our forests and wildlife.
Reason : Rapid decline in wildlife population and forestry has been observed.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : Large-scale development projects have also contributed significantly to the loss of forests.
Reason : Large scale development projects doesn’t inundate hectares of forest.

Answer : C

Question. Assertion : The tree is a peculiar organism of unlimited kindness.
Reason : Trees are living organisms which makes no demands for its sustenance, and extends generously the products of its life activity.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : Depletion of forests causes a lot of danger. 
Reason : Forests are vital for the quality of life and environment.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion : Tiger population is not on the verge of extinction.
Reason : Tiger population in forests is increasing rapidly day by day.

Answer : D

Short Answer Type Questions 

Introduction
• Forests are the primary producers, on which all the species of animals depend directly or indirectly. The variety of living things found in a region, country or the entire earth is called its biological diversity or biodiversity.
Classification Based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN):
Normal Species, Endangered Species, Vulnerable Species, Rare Species, Endemic Species, Extinct Species.

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE LARGE SCALE DEPLETION OF FLORA & FAUNA
1. The greatest damage done on our forests was during the colonial period. During colonial period due to the expansion of the railways, agriculture, commercial and scientific forestry and mining activities our forests and wildlife were damaged.
2. After Independence : Agricultural expansion is one of the major causes of depletion of forest resources. Between 1951 and 1980, according to the Forest Survey of India, over 26,200 sq. km. of forest area was converted into agricultural land all over India. Major parts of the tribal belts, especially in the northeastern and central India, have been deforested or degraded by shifting cultivation (jhum), a type of‘slash and burn’ agriculture.
3. Large-scale development projects : Since 1951, over5,000 sq km of forest was cleared for river valley projects. Clearing of forests is still continuing with projects like the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh, which would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.
4. Mining activities : Mining is another important factor behind deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration route of several others, including the great Indian elephant.
5. Over grazing and fuel wood collection : Many foresters and environmentalists believe that the factor behind the depletion of forest resources is grazing and fuel-wood collection .A substantial part of the fuel-fodder demand is met by lopping rather than by felling entire trees Factors that have led to the decline inIndia‟s biodiversity.
• Habitat destruction of plants and animals
• Hunting & poaching for commercial purposes,
• Over-exploitation,
• environmental pollution,& poisoning
• caused by industrial activities
• forest fires Social Effect of Resource
Depletion: In many societies, it is the women who are responsible for collection of fuel, fodder, water and other basic subsistence needs. Depletion of these resources means women need to work harder to collect those resources. At some places, women may have to walk more than 10 km to collect firewood. This causes serious health problems for women.

Why conservation of forest and wildlife necessary in India?
• Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems – water, air and soil.
• It also preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding. For example, in agriculture, we are still dependent on traditional crop varieties.
• Fisheries too are heavily dependent on the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.

Classification of forests
• Reserved Forests, Protected Forests, Unclassed Forests: Main measures taken to conserve forests and wildlife in India.
• The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An all-India list of protected species was also published.
• For protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species following steps were taken: Banning hunting, Giving legal protection to their habitats, Restricting trade in wildlife.
• Subsequently, central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

Question. Explain with examples how agriculture, large-scale development and mining led to degradation of forestland according to the Forest Survey of India.
Answer: 
i) Substantial parts of the Ans tribal belts, especially in the north eastern and central India, have been deforested or degraded by shifting cultivation (jhum), a type of ‘slash and burn’ agriculture.
ii) Large-scale development projects have also contributed significantly to the loss of forests. Since 1951, over 5,000 sq km of forest was cleared for river valley projects. Clearing of forests is still continuing with projects like the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh, which would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.
iii) Mining is another important factor behind deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining.
iv) It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration route of several others, including the great Indian elephant.

Question. What are the greatest degrading factors behind the depletion forests as suggested by many foresters and environmentalists?
Answer: Many foresters and environmentalists hold the view that the greatest degrading factors behind the depletion of forest resources are grazing and fuel-wood collection. Though, there may be some substance in their argument, yet, the fact remains that a substantial part of the fuel-fodder demand is met by lopping rather than byfelling entire trees.

Question. „The Forests ecosystems are repositories of the country.‟ Justify the statement
Answer: The forest ecosystems are repositories of some of the country’s most valuable forest products, minerals and other resources that meet the demands of the rapidly expanding industrial urban economy.

Question.  What are the causes of environmental destruction? Other important causes of environmental destruction are
Answer:
i) Unequal access of resources,
ii) Inequitable consumption of resources
iii) Differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well-being.
iv) Over-population in third world countries are often cited as the cause of environmental degradation.

Question. Explain with example how there exists an imbalance in the consumption of resources between rich and poor countries and also in the Indian society with reference to ecological damage.
Answer: An average American consumes 40 times more resources than an average Somalian. Similarly, the richest five per cent of Indian society probably cause more ecological damage because of the amount they consume than the poorest 25 percent. The former shares minimum responsibilities for environmental well-being.

Question.  When was the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act implemented?
Explain the main features of this act. (Any four features)
OR
Describe any five steps that have been taken to protect the wildlife in India.
OR
Evaluate measures of forest conservation.
Answer: A) 1972.
B) Features of the Act:
a) An all India list of protected species was published.
b) The thrust of the programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife.
c) Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
d) The Central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which gravely threatened the tiger, the one-horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag etc.
e) More recently, Indian elephant, black buck (chinkara), the great Indian bustard and the snow leopard etc have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.

Question. „The conservation projects are now focusing on biodiversity rather than on a few of its components.‟ Explain the statement with examples.
Answer:
i) The conservation projects are now focusing on biodiversity rather than on a few of its components.
ii) There is now a more intensive search for different conservation measures. Increasingly, even insects are beginning to find a place in conservation planning.
iii) In the notification under Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly have been added to the list of protected species.
iv) In 1991, for the first time plants were also added to the list, starting with six species.

Question. What is the other name given to reserved and protected forests? Why are they maintained?
Answer: Reserved and protected forests are also referred to as permanent forest estates maintained for the purpose of producing timber and other forest produce, and for protective reasons.

Question. Name the state that has largest area under permanent forests. How much it constitutes to its total forests area?
Answer: Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests, constituting 75 per cent of its total forest area.

Question. a) Name the states that have largest percentages of reserved forests to their total forest area ?
Answer: Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Maharashtra have large percentages of reserved forests of its total forest area. (2) b) Name the states that have bulk of area under protected forests. (2) Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa and Rajasthan have a bulk of it under protected forests.

Question. Mention the two areas that have a high percentage of their forests as un-classed. Who manages these forests?
Answer: All North-eastern states and parts of Gujarat have a very high percentage of their forests as un-classed forests managed by local communities.

Question. Explain with examples how local communities in various parts of the country conserve forests in their own ways.
OR
“Different traditional communities are involved in conserving their own natural habitats in India”. Analyse the statement. 
Answer: i) In some areas of India, local communities are struggling to conserve these habitats along with government officials, recognising that only this will secure their own long-term livelihood.
ii) In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
iii) In many areas, villagers themselves are protecting habitats and explicitly rejecting government involvement. iv)The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared1,200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachments.

Question. Write a short note on Chipko Movement for the conservation of forests.
Answer:
i) The famous Chipko movement in the Himalayas has not only successfully resisted deforestation in several areas but has also shown that community afforestation with indigenous species can be enormously successful.
ii) Attempts to revive the traditional conservation methods or developing new methods of ecological farming are now widespread.
iii) Farmers and citizen’s groups like the Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya have shown that adequate levels of diversified crop product ion without the use of synthetic chemicals are possible and economically viable.

Question. Explain the role of Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme in management and restoration of degraded forests.
OR
Describe the Joint Forest Management programme.
Answer:
i) In India joint forest management (JFM) programme furnishes a good example for involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
 ii) The programme has been in formal existence since 1988 when the state of Orissa passed the first resolution for joint forest management.
iii) JFM depends on the formation of local (village) institutions that undertake protection activities.
iv) Mostly on degraded forest land managed by the forest department.
v) In return, the members of these communities are entitled to intermediary benefits like non-timber forest produces and share in the timber harvested by ‘successful protection’.