CBSE Class 10 Geography Resources And Development Worksheet Set C

Objective Type Questions

Question. Which type of resource is park ?
(a) Community owned resource
(b) Non-renewable resource
(c) Individual resource
(d) Potential resource
Answer : A

Question. The resources an be conserved by ___________ .
(a) Recycling
(b) Reusing
(c) Reducing consumption
(d) All of these
Answer : D

Question. Which type of resource is an example of wind energy?
(a) Human-made
(b) Renewable
(c) Non-Renewable
(d) Biotic
Answer : B

Question. Arrange the following types of soils in the correct sequence of their finding from North India to South India :
(i) Alluvial Soil
(ii) Forest Soil
(iii) Red and Yellow Soil
(iv) Black Soil
Options -
(A) (i) – (ii) – (iii) – (iv)
(B) (ii) – (i) – (iii) – (iv)
(C) (iv) – (ii) – (i) – (iii)
(D) (iv) – (ii) – (iii) – (i)
Answer : B

Question. ‘There is enough for everybody’s need and not for everybody’s greed’. Who said these words ?
(a) Gandhiji
(b) Nehru
(c) S.V.B. Patel
(d) Medha Patkar
Answer : A

Question. Which one of the following is the main reason for degradation in Punjab ?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Over irrigation
(c) Deforestation
(d) Overgrazing
Answer : D

Question. The Club of Rome advocated resource conservation in the year :
(a) 1965
(b) 1966
(c) 1967
(d) 1968
Answer : D

Question. Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore ?
(a) Renewable
(b) Flow
(c) Biotic
(d) Non-renewable
Answer : D

Question. Who wrote the book ‘Small is beautiful’ ?
(a) Schumacher
(b) Spencer
(c) Surrey
(d) Steward
Answer : A

Question. Under which of the following type of resources can tidal energy be put ?
(a) Renewable
(b) Abiotic
(c) Human-made
(d) Non-renewable
Answer : A

Question. In which of the following states is the terrace cultivation practiced.
(a) Punjab
(b) Haryana
(c) Uttaranchal
(d) Jharkhand
Answer : C

Question. How much area of land in India is plain ?
(a) 53%
(b) 43%
(c) 62%
(d) 58%
Answer : B

True or False

Question. Black soils are found in Maharashtra, Western Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat states of India. (True / False)
Answer : True

Question. Alluvial soils are formed by the deposition of silt brought by rivers. These are found in the Northern Plains from Punjab, Rajasthan to the Brahmaputra  valley in Assam. (True / False)
Answer : True

Question. Soapstone for ceramic industry generate and release heavy amount of dust to the atmosphere. (True / False)
Answer : True

Question. If the fallow land is included under cultivated area, the net sown area would decrease drastically. (True / False) 
Answer : False

Question. Regur soil is mainly found in the north-eastern states of India. (True / False)
Answer : False

Question. Complete the following : With the help of technology and institutions human beings transform material ____________ .
Answer : available in the nature into economically viable resources.

Question. The ________ soil develops under tropical and subtropical climatic conditions with alternate wet and dry season.
                                                                             OR
________ is the land which is not cultivated for one or less than one agricultural year.
Answer : Laterite.
           OR
Current fallow land.

Question. Correct the following statement and rewrite.
Biotic resources are obtained from biosphere i.e, soil and rocks, livestock, flora and fauna etc.
Answer : Biotic resources are obtained from biospher i.e, human beings, livestock, flora and fauna.

Question. Read the following features of a soil and name the related soil : 
(a) Develops in high rainfall area
(b) Intense leaching process takes place.
(c) Humus content is low.
Answer : Laterite soil.

Question. Read the features of a soil given below and name the related soil:
l It consists of various proportions of salt, silt and day.
l It is described on the basis of age.
l It is very fertile.
Answer : Alluvial Soil.

Question. Identify the resource type with the help of following features:
l Subset of stock.
l Use has not been started.
l Example- water in the dams and forest.
Answer : Reserve.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question : In which states laterite soil is found?
Answer : Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, and hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.

Question : Which soil type is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rainfall ?
Answer : Laterite soil.

Question : Give an example of non-renewable resources.
Answer : Coal/Minerals.

Question : Give examples of abiotic resources.
Answer : Rocks and metals.

Question : What are the methods of checking soil erosion?
Answer : Strip cropping, terrace farming and contour ploughing.

Question : What is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
Answer : Over irrigation.

Question : In which states is black soil found?
Answer : Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

Question : Gully erosion is common in which basin?
Answer : Chambal Basin.

Question : Which cold desert is relatively isolated from the rest of the country?
Answer : Ladakh

Question : In which states has mining caused severe land degradation?
Answer : Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha.

Question : Give examples of biotic resources.
Answer : Human beings, flora, fauna, fisheries, livestock, etc.

Question : Which relief features of India has 30 percent of the total surface area of country?
Answer : Mountain.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question : Which geographical factors are responsible for the evolution of black soil? Why is it considered the most suitable for growing cotton?
Answer : a. Climatic conditions along with present rock material are important factors for making of black soil. The parent rock is volcanic rock.
b. It is ideal for growing cotton because of the following reasons:
c. It has capacity to hold moisture.
d. It is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate and potash.
e. Deep cracks in the soil help in aeration.

Question : Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion. Explain the two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India?
Answer : Two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion are deforestation and overgrazing, mining, construction, etc.
Types of Soil Erosion :
a. Gullies: The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels/gullies. The unfit land caused by gullies is called bad land or ravines.
b. Sheet erosion: water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. The top soil is washed away.This process is known as sheet erosion.

Question : Distinguish between stock and potential resource. Give one example of each.
Answer :

Question : Distinguish between Khadar and Bangar soil.
or
How are alluvial soils formed? How is Bangar different from Khadar?
Answer : Alluvial soil: It is soil formed by the sediments deposited by river water.

Question : Which is the main cause of land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh? How can it be checked? Explain.
Answer : The main cause of land degradation is large scale overgrazing Measures to check include:
a. Afforestation and proper management of grazing. b. Planting of shelter belts of plants.
c. Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
d. Control on overgrazing.

Question : ‘Land is a natural resource of utmost importance’. Justify the statement with appropriate arguments.
Answer : a. We live on land, we perform our economic activities on land and we use it in different ways.
b. It supports natural vegetation, wildlife, human life, economic activities, transport and communication systems.
c. It is an asset of a finite magnitude.

Question : Why is soil considered as a resource? Explain with five arguments.
Answer : Soil is considered as a resource because :
a. It is used to satisfy our needs.
b. It is the most important renewable natural resource.
c. It is the medium of plant growth.
d. It supports different types of living organisms on the Earth.
e. It is the base of our life.

Question : What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give four main features of this type of soil.
Answer : Alluvial soil is found in the entire northern plain It is the most widely spread soil of India. Main features of alluvial soil:
a. It is formed by the deposition of materials brought down by the Himalayan rivers.
b. It is highly fertile.
c. It consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
d. It is rich in potash, phosphoric acid and lime but deficient in organic matter.

Question : Indiscriminate use of resources had led to numerous problems.’ Justify this statement.
Answer : Resources are vital for human survival and it was believed that resources are free gift of nature. The indiscriminate use of resources led to the following problems:
a. To satisfy the greed of few individuals, depletion of resources has continued.
b. Due to the accumulation of resources in few hands, the society gets divided into two segments, e.g., rich and poor.
c. Indiscriminate use of resources has ‘ led to ecological crises, e.g., ozone layer depletion, land degradation, global warming and environmental pollution.

Question : Explain any three human activities responsible for land degradation in India.
or
How are human activities responsible for the degradation of land?
Answer : a. Mining: Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars in states such as Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha. Deforestation due to mining has caused severe land degradation.
b. Over irrigation: Over irrigation in the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, has caused water logging and increase in salinity of soil.
c. Overgrazing: Overgrazing in states such as Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra is a huge cause due to cattle population
d. Industries: Mineral processing industry like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust. This retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil.
e. Industrial waste: Industrial effluents also have become a major source of land degradation.

Question : What are the three stages of resource planning in ndia ?
Answer : a. Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
b. Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and , institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
c. Match the resource development plans with overall national development plans.

Question : Enumerate any three features of ‘regur’ soil.
Answer : Feature of ‘regur’ soil :
a. Regur soil is also known as black soil.
b. It is ideal for growing cotton, so it is also known as ‘black cotton soil’.
c. It is made up of extremely fine clayey material.
d. It is rich in soil nutrients, calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
e. It develops cracks in hot weather. It can hold moisture and is sticky when wet.

Question : Distinguish between the renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Answer : a. Renewable resources: Resources which can be renewed or reproduced by mechanical, physical or chemical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources, e.g., solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc.
b. Non-renewable resources : These occur over very long geological times. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources. These resources take millions of years in their formation. Some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some of them such as fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question : ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving’. Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.
Answer : Energy is an essential requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India has adopted since independence necessarily required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern, various measures that need to be adopted are as follows :
a. We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable sources.
b. We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. F or example, as a concerned citizen we can use public transport system in place of an individual vehicle.
c. Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching off electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices. Thus, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country.

Question : Provide a suitable classification for resources on the basis of ownership. Mention main features of any three types of such resources.
Answer : On the basis of ownership resources can be classified into the following categories :
a. Individual resources : Resources owned by a person or an individual are called individual resources. For example-land owned by farmers, and houses are individual resources.
b. Community resources : Resources owned by a particular community or a society are called community owned resources. For example- Graveyard, grazing land, ponds, burial grounds and park ark community owned resources.
c. National resources : Resources owned by an individual nation are called national resources. For example -Government land, roads, canals and railways are national resources.
d. International resources : Resources regulated or governed by an international body are called international resources. For example-Ocean and sea beyond 200 km of the exclusive economic zone belongs to open sea or ocean. No individual country can utilise these resources without the permission of international bodies.

Question : What are the four main factors which help in the formation of soil ?
Answer : The main factors that help in soil formation are :
a. Parent rock : It influences the colour and texture of the soil. The mineral content of the soil also depends on the parent rock from which it is formed.
b. Climate : It influences the rate and types of weathering and erosion of the rocks. Weathering of the parent rocks due to climatic factors and natural forces leads to disintegration of rocks. Subsequently, this leads to the formation of soil.
c. Time : It determines the maturity of the soil. Soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few centimetres in depth.
d. Relief: This refers to the landscape position and the slopes. Steep and long slopes mean water will run down faster and potentially erode the surfaces of the slopes. The effect will be poor soils on the slopes, and richer deposits at the foot of the slopes.

Question : How can the problem of land degradation be solved ?
Answer : Land degradation has become a major problem today. We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do with the future generations. There are many ways to solve the problem of land degradation. Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help in solving the problem of land degradation. Planting shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing, stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes are also some of the methods to check land degradation. Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial and suburban areas.

Question : How do technical and economical developments led to more consumption of resources ?
Answer : These days, technical and economical developments gain a colossus space. The government is also focusing more on technical and economical growth to make our county a fully developed country. In this process of technical and economical growth, the resources of our country are exhausting rapidly. Technological and economical developments have led to such rapid consumption of resources because of the following reasons :
a. New and improved equipments are introduced with the development of technology, which ultimately lead to an increase in the use of natural resources.
b. The technological advancement is attributed to the growth of a developing country. People of an economically developing nation consume more resources. Hence, we can safely say that an improvement in economic development of a nation will directly result in the increase of its people’s consumption of resources.
c. Development of new technologies is widely seen in developing economies. Due to economic development, the bright minds get an opportunity to experiment with their ideas. As a matter of fact, various materials are converted in to useful resources. This creates an atmosphere, which will see a steady increase in consumption of such available resources.

Question : What are the main types of soil found in India ? Which type of soil is the most widespread and important soil of India ? Describe in detail about this soil type.
Answer : The main types soil found in various parts of India are as follows :
a. Alluvial soil
b. Black soil
c. Red and yellow soil
d. Laterite soil
e. Arid or Desert soil
f. Forest and Mountainous soil.
Alluvial Soil :
Alluvial soil is the most fertile and extensively found soil in India. This type of soil is found near the river banks and is deposited by the rivers of India. The Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra are the three main rivers which are responsible for its deposition and have created the entire northern plains. These soils also extend in Rajasthan and Gujarat through a narrow corridor. Alluvial soil is also found in the eastern coastal plains particularly in the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri rivers. Alluvial soil is more common in pediment plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai.
Alluvial soil is very fertile because it contains potash, phosphoric acid and lime in adequate amount. This is why the areas where alluvial soil is found are densely populated, for example, the northern plains and the eastern coastal plain are densely populated and the most productive regions of India. The mineral content of the alluvial soil makes it ideal for the growth of paddy, wheat, other cereals and pulses and sugarcane. The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay. They are coarse in the upper reaches of the river valley especially near the break of slope and in pediment plains like Duars, Chos and Terai. Every year during annual floods alluvial soils are renewed. The Alluvial soil is of two types-Khadar and Bangar.

Question : Explain resource planning. What are the steps involved in resource planning?
or
Why is resource planning essential in India?
or
What is resource planning? Why is resource planning essential? Explain it with three reasons.
Answer : Resource planning is a procedure of proper utilisation of resources. Resource planning is important because :
a. Resources in India are not evenly distributed. Some parts of the county are rich in one resource but deficient in other important resources which are essential. For example, Rajasthan is rich in solar and wind energy but lacks water resource. Jharkhand is rich in minerals and coal deposits but lack in industrialisation. This is the reason why resource planning is essential. An effective resource planning will help in effective use of the resources available in the environment.
b. Secondly, most of the resources present in our environment are limited. Therefore, if these resources are not preserved or not used rationally we will be in great trouble. For example : Petrol is a limited resource and it cannot be renewed. Exhaustion of petrol will create huge chaos in the country as we are extensively dependent on the petrol.
c. Thirdly, resource planning is important because it minimises the wastage or over utilisation of resources. The very first step of resource planning is to make a list of resources available in the environment. This helps us to assess which resources should be used and how much it should be used to prevent over utilisation and minimise wastage.

MCQs