CBSE Class 10 Economics Sectors Of Indian Economy Worksheet Set A

Question. Service is
(a) tangible
(b) intangible
(c) both a and b
(d) physical Product

Answer : C

Question. The goods that are used as raw materials for further production are known by which name?
(a) Final goods
(b) Consumer goods
(c) Material goods
(d) Intermediate goods

Answer : D

Question. The sector in which the productive units are owned, maintained and managed by government
(a) organised sector
(b) primary sector
(c) public sector
(d) industrial sector

Answer : C

Question. The type of unemployment in which more number of people work than actually needed is known as
(a) disguised unemployment
(b) seasonal unemployment
(c) underemployed
(d) over employed

Answer : A

Question. Hidden unemployment is also called
(a) organised sector
(b) disguised unemployment
(c) tertiary sector
(d) contractual unemployment

Answer : B

Question. All economic activities that directly involve conversion of natural resources are classified under
(a) secondary sector
(b) primary sector
(c) tertiary sector
(d) government sector

Answer : B

Question. Animal Husbandry is a part of
(a) Primary sector
(b) secondary sector
(c) tertiary sector
(d) none of these

Answer : A

Question. Which among the following is a feature of unorganised sector?
(a) Fixed number of work hours
(b) Paid holidays
(c) Employment is insecure
(d) Registered with the government

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following is not an example of tertiary sector?
(a) Banking
(b) Transport
(c) Trade
(d) Forestry

Answer : D

Question. Public health is responsibility of
(a) primary sector
(b) government
(c) private sector
(d) none of these

Answer : B

Question. In terms of ownership, enterprises owned by individuals are known as ..........
(a) public sector
(b) primary sector
(c) unorganised sector
(d) private sector

Answer : D

Question. MGNREGA guarantees job to poor for
(a) 100 days
(b) 90 days
(c) 60 days
(d) 50 days

Answer : A

Question. In the last 100 years, the sector gaining prominance is
(a) secondary sector
(b) primary sector
(c) tertiary sector
(d) all of these

Answer : C

Question. Converting iron is a part of
(a) primary activity
(b) secondary activity
(c) tertiary sector
(d) all of these

Answer : B

Question. The secondary sector is also known as .......... as this sector produces useful items from natural products.
(a) manufacturing
(b) construction
(c) building
(d) making

Answer : A

Question. A labourer working under a contractor, is in which type of sector?
(a) Public sector
(b) Unorganised sector
(c) Service sector
(d) None of these

Answer : B

Question. Places of work which follow rules and regulation are termed as
(a) organised sector
(b) unorganised sector
(c) tertiary sector
(d) secondary sector

Answer : A

Question. ATM is an example of
(a) primary sector
(b) secondary sector
(c) tertiary sector

Answer : C

Question. Which among the following activities is not related to primary sector?
(a) Fishing
(b) Natural gas extraction
(c) Making of sugar
(d) Mining

Answer : C

Question. The sum total of production of all goods and services in the three sectors are combinedly
(a) NDP
(b) NI
(c) GNI
(d) GDP

Answer : D

Question. Information and Technology is a part of
(a) tertiary sector
(b) primary sector
(c) secondary sector
(d) all of these

Answer : A

Question. GDP of a country is based on
(a) total value of good and services
(b) final value of goods and services
(c) initial value of goods and services
(d) all of these

Answer : B

Question. The task of collection of data in all the three sectors of the economy is done by which of the following anlanizations.
(a) NSSO
(b) BPO
(c) KPO
(d) UNDP

Answer : A

Question. Which among the following workers are not very productive in tertiary sector?
(a) Educated and trained professionals
(b) Repair persons and daily wage earners
(c) People in defence services
(d) People working in health centres and hospitals

Answer : B

Question. In India, .......... sector is largest employer while ......... sector is largest income generator.
(a) secondary, tertiary
(b) tertiary, primary
(c) primary, tertiary
(d) tertiary, secondary

Answer : C

Fill in the blanks :

Question. Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security.

Answer : organised 

Question. Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product.

Answer : natural 

Question. Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production.

Answer : has not

Question. A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector.

Answer : large 

Question. Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods.

Answer : tertiary 

Question. The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are _________.

Answer : interdependent

Very Short Answer Type Questions :

Question. Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer
Answer : Vegetable vendor
His is the only profession that does not require a formal education.

Question. Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable
Answer : Cobbler
The rest are workers in the public sector, while his profession is part of the private sector.

Question. Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter
Answer : Tourist guide
He is appointed by the government, while dhobi, tailor and potter belong to the private sector.

Question. MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, SAHARA Airlines, All India Radio
Answer : SAHARA Airlines
It is a private enterprise, while the rest are government undertakings.

Short Answer Type Questions :

Question. Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Answer : 

Question. Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how.
Answer : The classification of economic activities into primary, tertiary and secondary is useful on account of the information it provides on how and where the people of a country are employed. also this helps in ascertaining as to which sector of economic activity contributes more or less to the country’s GDP and per capita income.
If the tertiary sector is developing much faster than the primary sector, then it implies that agriculture is depleting, and the government must take measures to rectify this. The knowledge that the agricultural profession is becoming unpopular or regressive can only come if we know which sector it belongs to. Hence it is necessary to classify economic activities into these there sectors for smooth economic administration and development.

Question. Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?
Answer : The service sector in India employs the following two different kinds of people. They are:
• The people involved in the services that may directly help in the production of goods. For example, people involved in the transportation, storage, communication, finance etc.
• The people involved in such services that may not directly help in the production of goods e.g. teachers, doctors, barbers, cobblers lawyers etc. They may be termed as ancillary workers means those who give services to the primary service providers.

Question. The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. Explain with examples.
Answer : The workers in the unorganised sector need protection:→ Wages: Labourers who are employed as repair person, vendor etc. do not have fixed income. They nearly manage to earn their living. They are not employed all through the year.
• Safety: Workers in unorganized sector are not provided with safe drinking water or clean environment. Eg., Working in mining, chemical industries is hazardous.
• Health: Leave not granted in case of sickness. Medical facilities are not offered, Eg., Construction workers.

Question. How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.
Answer : The tertiary sector different from other two sectors. This is because other two sectors produce goods but, this sector does not produce goods by itself. But the activities under this sector help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities are an aid or support for the production process. For example, transport, communication, storage, banking, insurance, trade activities etc. For this reason this sector is also known as service sector.

Question. A study in Ahmedabad found that out of 15,00,000 workers in the city, 11,00,000 worked in the unorganised sector. The total income of the city in this year (1997-1998) was Rs 60,000 million. Out of this Rs 32,000 million was generated in the organised sector. Present this data as a table. What kind of ways should be thought of for generating more employment in the city?
Answer : 

It is clear that while a larger portion of workers is working in the unorganized sector, the per capita earning of those in the organized sector is more. The government should encourage the entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector to change them into the organized sector. Moreover, government should introduce some incentives so that more industries could be opened up in the organized sector.

Question. For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.
Answer : For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter, one should focus on employment and GDP because these determine the size of a country’s economy. A focus on employment and GDP helps determine two important things- per capita income and productivity. Hence, in each of the three sectors, employment rate and status as well as its contribution to the GDP help us understand how that particular sector is functioning and what needs to be done to initiate further growth in it.
Yes, the other issues which should be examined are –
• Balanced regional development
• Equality in income and wealth among the people of the country.
• How to eradicate poverty
• Modernization of technology
• Self-reliance of the country
• How to achieve surplus food production in the country.

Question. How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?
Answer : On the basis of employment conditions, the activities in the economy are classified into organized and unorganized sectors.
• Organized Sector This sector covers those enterprises which are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations. For example, Reliance Industries Ltd., GAIL etc.
• Unorganized Sector It includes those small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. Though there are rules and regulations but these are never followed here. For example, casual workers in construction, shops etc. In this sector there is no job security and the conditions of employment are also very tough.

Question. “Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy.” Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Answer : No, I do not agree with the statement that tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy. The tertiary sector has contributed vastly to the Indian economy, especially in the last two decades. In the last decade, the field of information technology has grown, and consequently, the GDP share of the tertiary sector has grown from around 40% in 1973 to more than 50% in 2003.

Question. Explain the objective of implementing the NREGA 2005.
Answer : The objective of implementing the NREGA 2005 are:
• To increase the income and employment of people.
• Every state/region can develop tourism, regional craft, IT etc. for additional employment.
• The central government made a law implementing the right to work in 200 districts.
• NREGA aims to provide employment of 100 days. If it fails to do so, it will give unemployment allowances to the people.

Question. Discuss and fill the following table giving one example each from your area.
                            Well-managed organisation         Badly-managed organisation
Public sector
Private sector
Answer :              Well-managed organisation               Badly-managed organisation
Public sector          Delhi Metro Rail Corporation                       Air India
Private sector         Reliance Mobile                                       Satyam

Question. Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
Answer : A few examples of public sector activities are provision of water, electricity and some modes of transport. The government has taken these up because water and power are needed by everyone. If the work of providing electricity and water is left to private enterprises, the latter might exploit this opportunity and sell these at rates which the masses cannot afford. Hence, to ensure that basic amenities like water and power are available for all, the government supplies these at low and affordable rates.

Question. What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.
Answer : Disguised Unemployment is a kind of unemployment in which there are people who are visibly employed but are actually unemployed. This situation is also known as Hidden Unemployment. In such a situation more people are engaged in a work than required.
For example:
• In rural areas, this type of unemployment is generally found in agricultural sector like – in a family of 9 people all are engaged in the same agricultural plot. But if 4 people are with drawn from it there will be no reduction in output. So, these 4 people are actually disguisedly employed.
• In urban areas, this type of unemployment can be seen mostly in service sectors such as in a family all members are engaged in one petty shop or a small business which can be managed by less number of persons.

Question. Workers are exploited in the unorganised sector. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Answer : Yes, workers are exploited in the unorganized sector. This would be clear from the following points:
• There is no fixed number of working hours. The workers normally work 10 – 12 hours without paid overtime.
• They do not get other allowances apart from the daily wages.
• Government rules and regulations to protect the labourers are not followed there.
• There is no job security.
• Jobs are low paid the workers in this sector are generally illiterate, ignorant and unorganized. So they are not in a position to bargain or secure good wages.
• Being very poor they are always heavily in debt. So, they can be easily made to accept lower wages.

Question. The following table gives the GDP in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors:

(i) Calculate the share of the three sectors in GDP for 1950 and 2000.
(ii) Show the data as a bar diagram similar to Graph 2 in the chapter.
(iii) What conclusions can we draw from the bar graph?
Answer : (i) In 1950,
primary sector = 57.97%, secondary sector = 13.77%, tertiary sector = 28.26% In 2000,
primary sector = 27.33%, secondary sector = 24.37%, tertiary sector = 48.30%
(ii)

(iii) We can draw the conclusion that the share of the tertiary sector in the GDP has almost doubled, while that of the primary sector has almost halved. The secondary sector has grown by about 10% in the last five years.

Question. Compare the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sectors.
Answer : The employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sectors are vastly different. The organised sector has companies registered with the government and hence, it offers job security, paid holidays, pensions, health and other benefits, fixed working hours and extra pay for overtime work. On the other hand, the unorganised sector is a host of opposites. There is no job security, no paid holidays or pensions on retirement, no benefits of provident fund or health insurance, unfixed working hours and no guarantee of safe work environment.

Question. Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.
Answer : In the following ways Public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation:
• It promotes rapid economic development through creation and expansion of infrastructure.
• It creates employment opportunities.
• It generates financial resources for development.
• It is ensuring equality of income, wealth and thus, a balanced regional development.
• It encourages development of small, medium and cottage industries.
• It ensures easy availability of goods at moderate rates.
• Contributes to community development i.e. to the Human Development Index (HDI) via health and educational services.