CBSE Class 10 Geography Resources And Development Worksheet Set B

Source/Extract Based Questions

1. Read the text given below and answer the questions that follows :
We live on land, we perform our economic activities on land and we use it in different ways. Thus, land is a natural resource of utmost importance. It supports natural vegetation, wild life, human life, economic activities, and transport and communication systems. However, land is an asset of a finite magnitude, therefore, it is important to use the available land for various purposes with careful planning.India has land under a variety of relief features, namely; mountains, plateaus, plains and islands. About 43 per cent of the land area is plain, which provides facilities for agriculture and industry. Mountains account for 30 per cent of the total surface area of the country and ensure perennial flow of some rivers, provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects. About 27 per cent of the area of the country is the plateau region. It possesses rich reserves of minerals, fossil fuels and forests.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

1. The land should be used in a optimum way, because land is a ………… resource.
Answer : Finite.

2. Which one of the following options does not suit with land utilisation?
(a) Constructing roads and infrastructure on hills to promote tourism.
(b) Developing canal systems in the plains to boost agriculture.
(c) Providing government support to establish mineral based industry near the mining areas.
(d) Boosting the industries on fertile land and near the densely populated areas.
Answer : D

3. In order to make the best use of Himalayan region. India should not:
(a) Allow large scale deforestation to construct industries.
(b) Help local artisans and handicrafts to boost tourism.
(c) Preserve natural flora and fauna.
(d) Conserve the flow of rivers.
Answer : A

Read the text given below and answer the questions that follows :
The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent
washing down is described as soil erosion. The processes of soil formation and erosion, go on simultaneously and generally there is a balance between the two. Sometimes, this balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction and mining etc., while natural forces like wind, glacier and water lead to soil erosion. The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin such lands are called ravines. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. In such cases the topsoil is washed away. This is known as sheet erosion. Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind erosion. Soil erosion is also caused due to defective methods of farming. Ploughing in a wrong way i.e. up and down the slope form channels for the quick flow of water leading to soil erosion.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

1. The process of ________ and ________ go hand in hand.
(a) Soil formation and erosion
(b) Wind erosion
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of them
Answer : A

2. Match the given features related erosion activity with their causes and agents.

Choose the correct option—
(a) a-1, b-3, c-4, d-2
(b) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
(c) a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
(d) a-3, b-1, c-4, d-1
Answer : B 

3. Which one of the following is not a human reason of soil erosion?
(a) Mass cutting of trees.
(b) Washing down of top soil by fast running water
(c) Wrong agriculture practices.
(d) Extraction of minerals found under surface
Answer : B 

4. In order to control the soil erosion, we need to—
(a) Plant more and more trees
(b) Cement river embankments
(c) Adopt right ploughing method
(d) All of them.
Answer : D 

Read the extract and answer the questions that follow :
We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation.
Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. 
In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil.
The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.

1. How is over irrigation responsible for land degradation? In which states land is degraded because of over irrigation?
Answer : (i) Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil.
(ii) In the states of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, land is degraded due to over irrigation.

Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow :
Source A- Sustainable development
Sustainable economic development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.’
Source B- Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992
In June 1992, more than 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, for the first International Earth Summit. The Summit was convened for addressing urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development at the global level. The assembled leaders signed the Declaration on Global Climatic Change and Biological Diversity. The Rio Convention endorsed the global Forest Principles and adopted Agenda 21 for achieving Sustainable Development in the 21st century.
Source C- Agenda 21
It is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), which took place at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It aims at achieving global sustainable development. It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global co-operation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities. One major objective of the Agenda 21 is that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.

Source A- Sustainable development
1. Why sustainable development of resources is necessary?
Answer :: Sustainable development of resources is very essential to fulfill the needs of the future generations.

Source B- Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992
2. What was the major object of the first International Earth Summit?
Answer : The first International Earth Summit was held in Rio De Janeiro in 1992 with the concerned objectives of environment protection and socio–economic development at the global level.

Read the text given below and answer the questions that follow:
This is the most widely spread and important soil. In fact, the entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil. These have been deposited by three important Himalayan river systems– the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputr(a) These soils also extend in Rajasthan and Gujarat through a narrow corridor. Alluvial soil is also found in the eastern coastal plains particularly in the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri rivers.

Question. Name the soil which is being described in the above paragraph.
(a) Black soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Forest soil
Answer : B

Question. This soil is mainly good for cultivation of
(a) Sugar cane
(b) Paddy
(c) Wheat
(d) All of the above
Answer : D

Question. This soil have been deposited by which river system?
(a) Godavri – Krishna – loin
(b) Chambal- Yamuna – Narmada
(c) Brahmaputra – Godavari – Banas
(d) Brahmaputra - Ganga – Indus
Answer : D

Question. Where do deltas form?
(a) At the start of a river
(b) Where a river empties into a larger body of water
(c) Where rivers carve deep into the Earth's surface
(d) At the point where two rivers join together
Answer : B

Read the text given below and answer the questions that follow:
Planning is the widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources. It has importance in a country like India, which has enormous diversity in the availability of resources. There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources. There are some regions which can be considered self-sufficient in terms of the availability of resources and there are some regions which have acute shortage of some vital resources. For example, the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits. Arunachal Pradesh as abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development. The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources. The cold desert of Ladakh is relatively isolated from the rest of the country. It has very rich cultural heritage but it is deficient in water, infrastructure and some vital minerals. This calls for balanced resource planning at the national, state, regional and local levels.

Question. In which among the following States of India, coal deposits are abundantly available?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Chhattisgarh
(c) Jharkhand
(d) Rajasthan
Answer : C

Question. In which among the following States you may find suitable amount of Water Deposits.
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Laddakh
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) None of the above
Answer : C

Question. Which state lacks water resources?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Haryana
(c) Punjab
(d) Rajasthan
Answer : D

Question. Rajasthan is very well endowed with
(a) Wave energy
(b) Solar and wind energy
(c) Geothermal energy
(d) Tidal energy
Answer : B

Question. Why do we need resource planning?
(a) Because of enormous diversity in the availability of resources
(b) Because we need to think of future generations
(c) We need to consider materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs
(d) The need to collect materials and resources and then using them accordingly
Answer : A

Question. Strategy for judicious use of resources is ….
(a) Resources Development
(b) Resources Management
(c) Resources Conservation
(d) Resources Planning.
Answer : D

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true and reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Alluvial soil is ideal for growth of paddy, wheat, cereal and pulse crops.
Reason : Alluvial soil is well-known for its capacity to hold moisture.
Answer : (c) Alluvial soil contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops. Thus make it fertile for the grower of the above mentioned crops.

Question. Assertion : Processes of soil formation and erosion goes simultaneously and creates a balance between the two.
Reason : The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is soil erosion
Answer : (c) Soil formation and erosion goes simultaneously but this balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction, mining and natural forces like wind, glacier and water lead to soil erosion.

Question. Assertion : Resources are free gifts of nature.
Reason : Resources like soil, air, water are easily available in nature.
Answer : (d) Resources are not free gifts of nature but are present due to interaction of human beings with nature, technology and institutions. They are a function of human activities. They transform material available in our environment into resources.

Question. Assertion : Controlling on mining activities doesn’t control land degradation.
Reason : In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, deforestation has occurred due to overgrazing, not mining.
Answer : (d) Control on the activities of mining controls land degradation because mining sites are abandoned after excavation work, this results in over burdening. Mining activities in the mentioned states has contribution to deforestation.

Question. Assertion : Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.
Reason : Soil supports different types of living organisms on earth.
Answer : (a) Soil is a living system. Soil helps to grow plants, supports natural vegetation and economic activities like agriculture. Its universal usage proves that it is the most important renewable natural resource.

Question. Assertion : The availability of resources is not the only necessary condition for the development of any region.
Reason : Not only availability of resources but also corresponding change in technology is necessary for development of any region.
Answer : (a) Mere availability of resources in the absence of corresponding changes in technology and institutions may hinder development. Thus, both resources and advanced technologies contribute in development of a region.

Question. Assertion : Arid soil is unsuitable for cultivation.
Reason : Arid soil is generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. It restricts the filtration of water.
Answer : (c) Due to dry climate and high temperature, evaporation is faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture that is why it becomes unfit for cultivation.

Question. Assertion : Resource planning is an easy process in India.
Reason : Resource planning involves planning structure, identification and inventory of resource across the regions.
Answer : (d) Resource planning is a not an easy but a very complex process as it involves surveying, mapping, quantitative and qualitative estimation and measurement of the resources.

Question. Assertion : Terrace cultivation does not restrict erosion.
Reason : Running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. This helps to cultivate crops.
Answer : (d) Terraces, cut out on slopes in forms of steps breaks up the force of the wind, thus preventing erosion. The gullies render cultivation in those lands impossible.

Question. Assertion : Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.
Reason : Land can be used for various purposes. 
Answer : (a) Land is a natural resource of utmost importance as it supports human life and wild life, economic activities like agriculture, mining, transport and communication system.

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Resources and Development