CBSE Class 10 Geography Agriculture Worksheet

Question : In which country the ‘slash and burn’ agriculture is known as ‘Roca’ ? 
Answer : Brazil.

Question : Name the two important wheat growing zones in India.
Answer : The Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west and black soil region of the Deccan.

Question : Which state is the largest producer of ragi?
Answer : Karnataka.

Question : Hoe, dao, digging sticks are associated with which type of farming?
Answer : Primitive subsistence farming.

Question : In which system of agriculture, a single crop is grown on a large area? 
Answer : Plantation agriculture.

Question : Name the crops for which India is the largest producer in the world.
Answer : Fruits and vegetables, oilseeds and pulses

Question : India is the largest producer as well as consumer of which agricultural product in the world?
Answer : Pulses.

Question : Which is the leading coffee producer state in India?
Answer : Karnataka.

Question : Name some rabi crops. 
Answer : Wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.

Question : By which name is specialized cultivation of fruits and vegetables known?
Answer : Horticulture.

Question : In which type of soil does maize grow well?
Answer : Old alluvial.

Question : Which type of farming is intensive subsistence farming? 
Answer : Labour intensive farming. 

Question : Which crop is known as golden fibre?
Answer : Jute.

Question : Which crop is grown with the onset monsoons and are harvested in the month of September and October?
Answer : Kharif.

Question : Describe ‘Jhumming cultivation’ in one sentence.
Answer : ‘Slash and burn’ cultivation in North- Eastern states of India.

Question : Which country is the first largest producer of rice?
Answer : China,

Question : By which other name is ‘slash and burn’ agriculture known?
Answer : Primitive subsistence farming/jhumming

Question : Name some plantation crops. 
Answer : Tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane and banana.

Question : Which crop is used both as food and fodder?
Answer : Maize.

Question : Which crop is the major crop of rabi? 
Answer : Wheat

Question : Which two areas of India produce oranges mainly?
Answer : Nagpur in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh.

Question : Name any four oilseeds produced in India. Explain the importance of oilseeds in our day-to-day life.
Answer : (i) Groundnut
(ii) Mustard
(iii) Coconut
(iv) Sesamun
(v) Soyabean, sunflower; etc.
Importance of oilseeds:
Most of these are edible in the form of oil. Used as raw material for manufacturing paints, varnishes, soaps, perfumes etc, oil cake is used as cattle feed. Oil cake is also used as a fertiliser.

Question : “Wheat and rice farming in India are fairly different from each other”. Support the statement with five suitable examples. 
                                                            or
Wheat and rice farming in India are fairly different from each other. Explain.
Answer :  

Question : Distinguish between primitive subsistence farming and commercial farming by stating five points of distinction.
Answer : 

Question : Explain any three geographical conditions required for the growth of rice in India. How is it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall? Explain with examples.
Answer : Three geographical conditions for the growth of rice:
a. It requires high temperature, (above 25°C).
b. Annual rainfall above 100 cm.
c. High humidity
It is possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall with the help of irrigation in Punjab and Haryana.

Question : “The Government of India has introduced various institutional and technological reforms to improve agriculture in the 1980s and 1990s”. Support this statement with examples. 
                                                                           or
Compare intensive subsistence farming with that of commercial farming practiced in India. 
Answer : a. In the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated, which included both institutional and technical reforms.
b. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease establishment of Grameen banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction.
c. Kissan Credit Card (KCC), personal accident insurance scheme are some other schemes introduced by the government of India for the benefit of the farmers.
d. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on the radio and television.
e. The government also announces minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.

Question : Suggest any five measures to enhance the agricultural production in India. 
                                                                           or
Explain any five institutional and technical reforms brought by the government to improve the condition of Indian Agriculture. 
                                                                           or
Describe any five steps taken by the government of India to increase the productivity of agriculture in India.
Answer : 1. Land reforms: Collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari.
2. Agricultural reforms: Green revolution and White revolution.
3. Land development programmes: Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, etc, establishment of Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and banks for providing loans.
4. Issuing of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, etc.
5. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV.
6. Government announces Minimum Support Price (MSP) and remunerative and procurement prices to check exploitation.
7. The government provides HYV seeds and fertilisers.
8. Government provides technical assistance and training for farmers.
9. Soil testing facilities, cold storage and transportation facilities are provided by government for farmers.

Question : Describe any four geographical conditions required for the growth of tea. Mention the two major tea producing states of South India.
                                                                                        or
Name the important beverage crop introduced by the British in India. Explain the geographical conditions needed for its cultivation. Write any two important states where it is grown.
                                                                                        or
In which agricultural production, India is the leading producer as well as exporter in world? Describe the geographical requirements for its growth and development. 
                                                                                        or
What are the soil type, climatic conditions and rainfall conditions required for the cultivation of tea? Write two states of India where tea grows.
Answer :  a. Tea: Grows well in tropical and sub¬tropical climates.
b. Soil type: Deep and fertile, well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matters.
c. Climate: Warm and moist, frost-free climate throughout the year.
d. Rainfall: Frequent showers throughout the year. 
e. Two states: Assam, West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Andhra Pradesh, Meghalaya and Tripura.

Question : What are millets? Give brief description of the climatic conditions and producing states of the millets grown in India. 
Answer : Millets are coarse grains but have high nutritional value e.g., ragi-rich in iron, calcium.
a. Jowar-Rain fed crops mostly grown in moist area. States producing-Maharashtra, Karnataka and MP.
b. Bajra-grown well on sandy soils and shallow black soil. States producing- Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana and UP.
c. Ragi-grown well in dry region on red, black, sandy and loamy soils.
States producing-Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim.

Question : Why is agriculture called the mainstay of Indian economy?
                                                or
What is the importance of agriculture in Indian economy?
Answer : a. Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian economy because about 67% of our population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture.
b. It provides raw materials to the industries.
c. India earns foreign exchange by exporting agricultural products.
d. It contributes about 29% to the gross domestic product.
e. It provides food to over 1250 million population.

Question : Which are the two major cotton producing states of North India ? Describe four geographical conditions required for the growth of cotton.
                                                             or
Describe the geographical conditions required for the cultivation of cotton.
Answer : Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are the two major cotton producing states of North India. Geographical conditions required for the cultivation of cotton:
a. It grows well in drier parts of the black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau.
b. It requires high temperature.
c. It requires light rainfall or irrigation.
d. It requires 21 frost free days and bright sunshine for its growth.

Question : Which crop is known as the ‘golden fibre’? Explain any two geographical conditions essential for the cultivation of this crop. Mention its any four uses.
Answer : a. Jute is called the golden fibre.
b. Geographical conditions:
c. Grows well in drained fertile soil of the flood plains where the soil is renewed every year.
d. High temperature is required during the time of growth.
Uses: Can be used to manufacture gunny bags, mats, ropes, yam, carpets and other artefacts.

Question : Mention any two geographical conditions required for the growth of maize crop in India. Describe any three factors which have contributed to increase in maize production.
Answer : Geographical conditions required for the growth of maize crop in India:
a. It is a kharif crop which requires temperature between 21°C to 27°C.
b. It grows well in alluvial soil.
Use of modern inputs such as HYV seeds, fertilisers and irrigation have contributed to the increasing production of maize.

Question : Define plantation agriculture. Explain any four characteristics of plantation agriculture.
Answer : Plantation Agriculture: It is a type of commercial farming practised in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It was introduced by the British in India.
Characteristics:
a. A single crop is grown over large area.
b. It is capital intensive and done with migrant labour.
c. All produce is used as raw material in industries such as tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc.
d. Plantation has interface of agriculture and industry both.

Question : Compare the geographical conditions required for the production of cotton and jute. 
Answer : 

Question : Explain Rubber cultivation in India under the following heads:
a. Importance
b. Geographical conditions
c. Producing states.
Answer : a. Importance: Many industries depend upon rubber as their raw material especially transport industry.
b. Geographical conditions:
(i) It is an equatorial crop, but under special conditions it is also grown in tropical and sub tropical areas.
(ii) It requires moist and humid climate with rainfall of more than 200 cm and temperature above 25°C.
c. Rubber producing states are Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Garo hills of Meghalaya.

Question : Why has the agriculture sector in India got a major setback in spite of increase in the GDP growth rate?
Answer : a. More and more land is used for construction of factories, warehouses and shelters which reduced the land under cultivation.
b. Soil gets degraded by the use of pesticides, fertilizers, over irrigation, etc., which leads to water logging and salinity.
c. Today Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition.
d. Our government is reducing the public investment in agriculture, subsidy on fertilizers have decreased.
e. Reduction in import duties on agricultural products have proved detrimental to agriculture in the country.

Question : What is intensive subsistence farming? Write three features of intensive farming. 
Answer : Intensive subsistence farming is practised in areas of high population pressure on land. In this type of farming, the agricultural production is increased by using high doses of biochemical inputs and better agricultural inputs.
Features of intensive farming:
a. High yielding variety (HYV) seeds and modem chemical inputs and irrigation are used to increase the production.
b. The per hectare yield is very high.
c. More than one crop is cultivated during a year.

Question : Why has Indian agriculture started a decline in the trend of food production? How can we overcome this problem?
Answer : Indian agriculture started a decline in the trend of food production because:
a. More and more land is used for construction of factories, warehouses and shelters have reduced the land under cultivation.
b. Soil gets degraded by the use of pesticides, fertilizers, over-irrigation, etc. which leads to water logging and salinity.
Remedial Measures:
a. Use of agricultural techniques which are environmentally sustainable.
b. Use of biotechnology in modifying different crops and increase the yield per hectare. It reduces dependence on insecticides and also require less water.

Question : What are the climatic conditions required for the growth of rice? 
Answer : Climatic conditions required for the growth of rice:
a. It is a Kharif crop which requires high temperature (above 25°C).
b. High humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. 
c. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.
d. It is grown in the plains of north and north-easten India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.
e. Development of dense network of canal irrigation and tubewells have made it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall such as Punjab and Haryana.

Question : Describe four geographical conditions required for the growth of sugarcane. Name two major sugarcane producing states of North India. 
                                                                                        or
What geographical conditions are required for the cultivation of sugarcane? Name two largest producing states of sugarcane.
Answer : Geographical conditions required for the growth of sugarcane in India:
a. It is a tropical as well as sub-tropical crop so it requires a hot and humid climate with a temperature of 24°C to 27°C.
b. It requires an annual rainfall between 75 to 100 cm.
c. It can be grown on a variety of soils.
d. Major sugarcane producing states of North
e. India are : Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.

Question : Explain any four features of primitive subsistence agriculture in India.
Answer : Features of primitive subsistence agriculture in India are:
a. It is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools.
b. Tools which are used are basically traditional tools such as hoe, dao and digging stick.
c. This type of agriculture totally depends upon monsoon.
d. When the soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift to another plot of land.