CBSE Class 10 Economics Sector of Indian Economy Worksheet Set C

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Neeraja works as a researcher in an Institution. While collecting data she could not classify the working sector of following people. Help her to do the classification with valid reasons.
A. Yogesh works as lawyer.
B. Shyam Lai verma runs a dairy.
C. Parmod is an Engineer and works in Industrial sector.
Answer. (a) Service Sector
(b) Primary Sector
(c) Secondary Sector

Question. lqbal along with five other members of his family worked as a farmer and produced 50 lakhs tons wheat. Due to some dispute in family two members opted out family business, but still they are able to produce 50 lakh tons Wheat. Can you name such kind of unemployment?
Answer. Disguised unemployment

Question. Why is Tertiary sector also called the service sector?
Answer. Service is provided

Question. What are the main objectives of Public Sector?
Answer. Public Welfare

Question. What are the main objectives of Private Sector?
Answer. to make profit

Question. What does Underemployment mean?
Answer. When more than required persons are involved in the process of production.

Question. How does government support both farmers and consumers?
Answer. Government purchase at minimum support price from the farmers to distribute it at lower price through public distribution system.

Question. Ramesh is getting Paid leaves with fixed hours of working. In which sector is he working organised sector or unorganized sector?
Answer. organized

Question. What is MGNREGA stand for? When was it implemented?
Answer. Mahatma Gandhi National Employment Guarantee Act- 2005 (MGNREGA - 2005)

Question. How does development of primary and secondary sector demand for services?
Answer. Growth of Agriculture and Industries demand for the development of trade, transportation and storage. More the development of primary and secondary sector more will be the demand of service sector.

Question. Which activity continued to prove largest employer between between 1973 to 2013?
Answer.  Agriculture

Question. Choose the correct option for the statement given below-
Contribution of which sector is the largest in GDP?
(a) Primary Sector
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) None of these
Answer. Primary Sector

Question. Fill in the blankssector
forms the base for all other products.
Answer. Primary Sector

Question. Write true or false for the statement given below-Suger mill Industry comes under primary sector.
Answer. Incorrect

Question. Rewrite the statement after correcting the underlined word-Work of Cobbler is considered under Primary sector.
Answer. Secondary Sector

Question. Look at the picture given below and state under which sector of economy does this activity belong to-

Answer. Primary Sector

Question. An assertion (A) and its reason (B) is given below. Read the following statements and choose the right answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A): The activities of fishing come under Primary sector.
Reasoning (R): Fishing depends directly upon natural resources.
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is the not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is wrong
(d) A is wrong but R is correct
Answer. A

Question. An assertion (A) and its reason (B) is given below. Read the following statements and choose the right answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A): The main aim of Mahatma Gandhi National Employment Act 2005 is to generate employment in urban areas.
Reasoning (R): According to its provision a minimum of 100 days employment per year is ensured.
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is the not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is wrong
(d) A is wrong but R is correct
Answer. D

Question. Explain the meaning of Secondary sector of economic activities using examples
Answer :
1. The secondary sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity.
2. For example, using cotton fiber from the plant, we spin yarn and weave cloth. Using sugarcane as a raw material, we make sugar or gur. (Manufacture/ use machines)
3. Since this sector gradually became associated with the different kinds of industries that came up, it is also called as ‘industrial sector’.

Question. Explain the meaning of Tertiary sector of economic activities using examples. Why this sector is known as ‘Service Sector’?
Answer :
1. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. For example, goods that are produced in the primary or secondary sector would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops
2. Since these activities generate services rather than goods, the tertiary sector is also called the service sector. 
3. Service sector also includes some essential services that may not directly helping the production of goods such as, doctors, teachers, lawyers, washer man, cobblers, people in administrative services, certain new services based Information Technology and accounting workers.

Question. Differentiate between Final Goods and Intermediate goods with example.
Answer :
• Final Goods: - All goods which are meant either for consumption by consumers or for investment by firms are called final goods. They are finished goods meant for final use.
• Intermediate Goods: - All goods which are used as raw material for further production of other goods or for resale in the same year are known as intermediate goods. Example: In the production of biscuit, final product is the biscuit and wheat, sugar etc are the intermediate goods. 

Question. What is GDP? How is GDP calculated in India?

OR

Explain how to calculate GDP? Explain with example
Answer :
1. The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year (Financial Year). And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country.
2. Or it is the value of all final goods and services produced in all three sectors within a country during a particular year.
3. In India, the mammoth task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a Central (Finance) Government ministry. This Ministry, with the help of various government departments of all the Indian states and union territories, collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimates the GDP. (Example- Production of biscuit) 

Question. Why is that “only value of final goods and services” taken while calculating GDP?
Answer :
1. While calculating GDP, not every good or service that is produces and sold needs to be taken. It makes sense only to include the final goods and services.
2. This is because the value of final goods already includes the value of all the intermediate goods that are used in making of the final goods.
3. If we count the value of the intermediate goods, then we would be counting the value of the same things a number of times. (Example- Production of biscuit) Ref: TB Pg: 22 

Question. Evaluate the shifts that have taken place in different sectors of Economy during the last hundred years.

OR

Discuss the historical Changes took place in the development of Sectors.
Answer :
PRIMARY:
Generally, it has been noted from the histories of many, now developed, countries that at initial stages of development, primary sector was the most important sector of economic activity. As the methods of farming changed and agriculture sector began to prosper, it produces much more food than before. Many people could now take up other activities.

SECONDARY:
Over a long time (more than hundred years), and especially because new methods of manufacturing were introduced, factories came up and started expanding. Those people who had earlier worked on farms now began to work in factories in large numbers.

TERTIARY:
In the past 100 years, there has been a further shift from secondary to tertiary sector in developed countries. The service sector has become the most important in terms total production. Most of the working people are also employed in the service sector. This is the general pattern observed in developed countries years.

Question. Discuss the reasons for the increasing significance of Tertiary sector in last 40 years in India.
Answer :
1. In any country several services such as hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administrative offices, municipal corporations, defence, transport, banks, insurance companies, etc. are required. These can be considered as basic services. In a developing country the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services.

2. The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of service such as transport, trade, storage and the like, as we have already seen. Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors more would be the demand for such services.

3. As income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training etc. You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities.

4. Over the past decade or so, certain new services such as those based on information and communication technology have become important and essential. The production of these services has been rising rapidly. (Full Text Answer)

Question. What does ‘Under employment’ or ‘Disguised Unemployment’ mean?

OR

What is ‘Under employment’? Explain with an example.
Answer :
1. Under employment is a situation where everyone is working, none remains idle, but in actual fact their labour effort gets divided.
2. Each one is doing some work but no one is fully employed. This is the situation of underemployment, where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential.
3. This kind of underemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does not have Job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Hence, it is also called disguised unemployment.

Question. In what ways can employment be increased in urban areas?
Answer :
• In India about 60 per cent of the population belongs to the age group 5-29 years. Out of this, only about 52 per cent are attending educational institutions. A few ways to increase employment opportunities other than large-scale industries in India are:
1. A study conducted by the Planning Commission (now known as NITI Aayog) estimates that nearly 20 lakh jobs could be created in the education sector alone.
2. Similarly, if we are to improve the health situation, we need many more doctors, nurses, health workers etc. These are some ways by which jobs would be created.
3. Every state or region has potential for increasing the income and employment for people in that area.
4. It could be tourism, or regional craft industry, or new services like IT. Some of these would require proper planning and support from the government.

Question. Compare the three sectors of economy on the basis of the supply of employment in the last forty years.
Answer :1. A remarkable fact about India is that while there has been a change in the share of the three sectors in GDP, a similar shift has not taken place in employment. The primary sector continues to be the largest employer.
2. It is because not enough jobs were created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Even though industrial output or the production of goods went up by more than nine times during the period, employment in the industry went up by around three times.
3. The same applies to tertiary sector as well. While production in the service sector rose by more than 14 times, employment in the service sector rose around five times.

Question. ‘Not allof the service sector is growing equally well’. Support your answer with arguments.
Answer :
1. Service sector in India employs many different kinds of people. At one end there are a limited number of services that employ highly skilled and educated workers.
2. At the other end, there are a very large number of workers engaged in services such as small shopkeepers, repair persons, transport persons, etc.
3. These people barely manage to earn a living and yet they perform these services because no alternative opportunities for work are available to them. Hence, only a part of this sector is growing in importance.

Question. Suggest a few methods by which employment opportunities could be created In rural areas.

OR

In which three ways can employment be increased in rural areas? Explain with examples.
Answer :
1. By spending some money or bank loan to construct a well for family to irrigate the land which would help framer to grow more than one crop in a year.
2. Construct dam and canals to irrigate may farms and this could create lot of employment within the agriculture.
3. By investing on transportation and storage of crops or making rural roads, would encourage farmers to grow more and sell crops and also provide employment in services like transport or trade.
4. Local Banks loan at reasonable rate of interest to buy seeds fertilizers, agricultural equipment and pump sets to draw water would help to cultivate land more
5. By identifying, promoting and locating industries and services in Semi-rural areas whereby employ large number of people. E.g. Setting Dal Mill to procure and process pulse crops and sell in the cities.

Question. Write short note on ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act2005 (MGNREGA 2005)’.

OR

Why do you think MGNREGA 2005 is referred to as ‘Right to work’? Justify.
Answer :
1. For the short-term and for some quick measures, the Central Government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in about 625 districts of India. It is called Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA
2005).
2. Under MGNREGA 2005, all those who are able to, and are in need of, work in rural areas are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government.
3. If the government fails in its duty to provide employment, it will give unemployment allowances to the people. The types of work that would in future help to increase the production from land will be given preference under the Act.

Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 10 Economics Sector of Indian Economy Worksheet Set C