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NCERT Book for Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Germany And Italy
Class 10 Social Science students should refer to the following NCERT Book The Making Of Germany And Italy in Class 10. This NCERT Book for Class 10 Social Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
The Making Of Germany And Italy NCERT Book Class 10
The Making of Germany and Italy
4.1 Germany –Can the Army be the Architect of a Nation? After 1848, nationalism in Europe moved away from its association with democracy and revolution. Nationalist sentiments were often mobilised by conservatives for promoting state power and achieving political domination over Europe. This can be observed in the process by which Germany and Italy came to be unified as nation-states. As you have seen, nationalist feelings were widespread among middle-class Germans, who in 1848 tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state governed by an elected parliament. This liberal initiative to nation-building was, however, repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the military, supported by the large landowners (called Junkers) of Prussia. From then on, Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification. Its chief minister, Otto von Bismarck, was the architect of this process carried out with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy. Three wars over seven years – with Austria, Denmark and France – ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification. In January 1871, the Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
On the bitterly cold morning of 18 January 1871, an assembly comprising the princes of the German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers including the chief minister Otto von Bismarck gathered in the unheated Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles to proclaim the new German Empire headed by Kaiser William I of Prussia. The nation-building process in Germany had demonstrated the dominance of Prussian state power. The new state placed a strong emphasis on modernising the currency, banking, legal and judicial systems in Germany. Prussian measures and practices often became a model for the rest of Germany.
4.2 Italy Unified
Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation. Italians were scattered over several dynastic states as well as the multi-national Habsburg Empire. During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont, was ruled by an Italian princely house. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs, the centre was ruled by the Pope and the southern regions were under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain. Even the Italian language had not acquired one common form and still had many regional and local variations.
During the 1830s, Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put together a coherent programme for a unitary Italian Republic. He had also formed a secret society called Young Italy for the dissemination of his goals. The failure of revolutionary uprisings both in 1831 and 1848 meant that the mantle now fell on Sardinia-Piedmont under its ruler King Victor Emmanuel II to unify the Italian states through war. In the eyes of the ruling elites of this region, a unified Italy offered them the possibility of economic development and political dominance.
Chief Minister Cavour who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy was neither a revolutionary nor a democrat. Like many other wealthy and educated members of the Italian elite, he spoke French much better than he did Italian. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France engineered by Cavour, Sardinia-Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859. Apart from regular troops, a large number of armed volunteers under the leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the fray. In 1860, they marched into South Italy and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and succeeded in winning the support of the local peasants in order to drive out the Spanish rulers. In 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of united Italy. However, much of the Italian population, among whom rates of illiteracy were very high, remained blissfully unaware of liberalnationalist ideology. The peasant masses who had supported Garibaldi in southern Italy had never heard of Italia, and believed that ‘La Talia’ was Victor Emmanuel’s wife!
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NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Resources and Development |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Forest and Wildlife Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Water Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Agriculture |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Minerals and Energy Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Manufacturing Industries |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Lifelines of National Economy |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Power Sharing |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Federalism |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Democracy and Diversity |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Gender Religion and Caste |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Popular Struggles and Movements |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Political Parties |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Outcomes of Democracy |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Challenges to Democracy |
NCERT Class 10 History The Rise of Nationalism in Europe |
NCERT Class 10 History Nationalism in India |
NCERT Class 10 History The Making of a Global World |
NCERT Class 10 History The Age of Industrialisation |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Development |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Sectors Of The Indian Economy |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Money And Credit |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Globalisation And The Indian Economy |
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Social Science NCERT Book Class 10 The Making Of Germany And Italy
The above NCERT Books for Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Germany And Italy have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for The Making Of Germany And Italy Social Science Class 10 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to The Making Of Germany And Italy NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 10 Social Science are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 10 The Making Of Germany And Italy book for Social Science also includes collection of question. We have also provided NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science which have been developed by teachers of StudiesToday.com after thorough review of the latest book and based on pattern of questions in upcoming exams for Class 10 students.
NCERT Book Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Germany And Italy
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The Making Of Germany And Italy NCERT Book Class 10 Social Science
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Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Germany And Italy NCERT Book
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Class 10 The Making Of Germany And Italy NCERT Book Social Science
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