CBSE Class 10 Social Science HOTs Federalism

Please refer to CBSE Class 10 Social Science HOTs Federalism. Download HOTS questions and answers for Class 10 Social Science. Read CBSE Class 10 Social Science HOTs for Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism below and download in pdf. High Order Thinking Skills questions come in exams for Social Science in Class 10 and if prepared properly can help you to score more marks. You can refer to more chapter wise Class 10 Social Science HOTS Questions with solutions and also get latest topic wise important study material as per NCERT book for Class 10 Social Science and all other subjects for free on Studiestoday designed as per latest CBSE, NCERT and KVS syllabus and pattern for Class 10

Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Social Science HOTS

Class 10 Social Science students should refer to the following high order thinking skills questions with answers for Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism in Class 10. These HOTS questions with answers for Class 10 Social Science will come in exams and help you to score good marks

HOTS Questions Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Social Science with Answers

Summary

Features of Federalism
- There are two or more levels of Govt.
- Different tiers of Govt. govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
- The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of Govt are specified in the constitution.
- Require the consent of both the levels of Govt.
- Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of Govt.
- An ideal federal system has both aspects : mutual trust and agreement to live together.
- The first route involves independent states coming together on their own to form a bigger unit.
- The second route is where a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent states and the national Govt.
 
Federalism in India
- The constitution originally provided for a two tier system of Govt the union Govt or what we call the Central Govt, representing the union of India and the state Govt. later, a third tier of federalism was added in the form of Panchayats and Municipalities.
- Constitution clearly provided a three fold distribution of legislative powers between the union Govt and the state Govt :
1. Union list :- Defence of the country foreign affairs, banking.
2. State List : Police, trade, commerce, agriculture.
3. Concurrent List : Education, Forest, Trade Union, Marriage.
4. Residuary Subject : Computer software
- Only Jammu & Kashmir has their own constitution.
 
Decentralization in India
- When power is taken away from central and State Govt. and given to local Govt. it is called decentralisation.
- The basic idea behind decentralisation is that there are a large number of problems and issues which are best settled at the local level.
- Local govt. get constitutional importance in democracy.
- And representation of women may also increased with this role played by women in democracy became more stronger. 
 
 

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Social Science Federalism

Question :  Which of the following define the above image correctly ?
(a) Mutual understanding between the Coalition partner.
(b) The states should not go to the centre with a begging bowl.
(c) The states pled for more power.
(d) It is against the essence of federalism.
Answer : C

Question : In which Schedule of the Indian Constitution are the 22 scheduled languages included ?
(a) Eighth schedule
(b) Tenth schedule
(c) Twelfth schedule
(d) Ninth schedule
Answer : A

Question : When was the use of English for official purposes stopped ?
(a) 1956
(b) 1958
(c) 1960
(d) 1965
Answer : D

Question : Which of the following includes foreign affairs ?
(a) Union list
(b) State list
(c) Concurrent list
(d) Federal list
Answer : A

Question : What is the third tier of government known as ?
(a) Village Panchayats
(b) Local self-government
(c) Zila Parishad
(d) State government
Answer : B

Question : ‘Coming together federation’ is not found in which of the following country ?
(a) India
(b) U.S.A.
(c) Switzerland
(d) Australia
Answer : A

Question : Consider the following statements regarding language policy of Indian Federation.
1. Hindi was identified as the official language.
2. Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognised as scheduled languages.
3. English can be used along with Hindi for offical purpose.
Choose the right option from the following :
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) only 1
(d) 1,2 and 3
Answer : D

Question : In a federation, both the levels of governments enjoy their power ______ of the other. 
(a) dependent
(b) independent
(c) opposite
(d) domination
Answer : B
Explanation: Usually, a federation has two levels of government. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other. 
 
Question :  The Union and State governments have the power to raise resources by ________ in order to carry on the government. 
(a) demanding money
(b) threatening
(c) levying taxes
(d) selling goods 
Answer : C
Explanation: The Union and State governments have the power to raise resources by levying taxes in order to carry on the government and the responsibilities assigned to each of them.
 
Question : In a municipal corporation, Municipal chairperson is called the: 
(a) panch
(b) sarpanch
(c) district collector
(d) Mayor 
Answer : D
Explanation: In a municipal corporation, such an officer is called the mayor. 
 
Question : It is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
(a) Federalism
(b) Secularism
(c) Socialism
(d) Nationalism
Answer : A
Explanation: Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country  
 
Question : Identify the State which are created not on the basis of language but to recognise differences based on culture, ethnicity or geography. 
(a) Nagaland, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand
(b) Nagaland
(c) Jharkhand
(d) Uttarakhand
Answer : A
Explanation: Some States were created not on the basis of language but to recognise differences based on culture, ethnicity or geography. These include States like Nagaland, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand.

 

True/False

Question : The creation of linguistic states was the first and major test for democratic politics in our country.
Answer : True

Question : Municipalities function in big cities.
Answer : False

Question : A Gram Panchayat performs the functions that aim at decentralising political power. (True/False)
Answer : True

 

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question : Assertion : A major step towards decentralisation was taken in 1992 by amending the constitution.
Reason : Constitution was amended to make the third tier of democracy more powerful and effective.
Answer : (a) The constitution was amended in 1992 to make the third tier more powerful and effective. It includes steps like regular elections for local government bodies, reservation of seats for OBCs, SCs, STs and women and creation of State Election Commission. The reason thus, justifies the assertion.

Question : Assertion : Belgium and Spain has ‘holding together’ federation.
Reason : A big country divides power between constituent states and national government.
Answer : (a) The power of a large country is divided between constituent states and national government. The Central government is more powerful than the states.

Question : Assertion : Third-tier of government is local government.
Reason : It made democracy weak.
Answer : (c) The third tier of government is done through decentralisation. It helped in making democracy stronger by bringing it to grass root level. Thus, the reason is false but assertion stands true.

Question : Assertion : Hindi is identified as the only official language of India.
Reason : It helped in creating supremacy of Hindi speaking people over others.
Answer : (c) Hindi is the identified as official language of India. However, it is spoken by only 40 per cent of Indians. Thus, to safeguard the rights of other linguistic communities, 21 other languages were recognized as Scheduled Languages by the Constitution.

Question : Assertion : India has a federal system.
Reason : Under a unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to Central government.
Answer : (b) India has a federal government. There is a central government for the entire country and state governments for different regions. The reason is also true but does not justify the statement.

 

Source/Extract Based Questions

Read the source given below and answer the following questions.

Union List includes subjects of national importance such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communications and currency. They are included in this list because we need a uniform policy on these matters throughout the country. The Union Government alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union List. State List contains subjects of State and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation. The State Governments forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession. Both the Union as well as the State Governments can make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list. If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail. Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

Question : In which of the following categories the legislative powers have been distributed between the Union Government and the State Government ?
(a) Union List
(b) State List
(c) Concurrent List
(d) All of these
Answer : (d) All of these

Question : How many subjects are mentioned in the Union List?
(a) 44
(b) 86
(c) 97
(d) All of the above.
Answer : (c) 97

Question : Which one of the following subjects is included in the State List ?
(a) Agriculture
(b) Defence
(c) Marriage
(d) All of them
Answer : (a) Agriculture

Question : Which of the following can make laws regarding currency?
(a) Union Government
(b) State Government
(c) Local Government
(d) All of them
Answer : (a) Union Government

 

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Federalism

Question :  Who is a Mayor? Name two cities which have a Municipal Corporation. 
Answer : The Municipal Chairperson of a Municipal Corporation in big cities is called a Mayor.
Delhi and Mumbai are two such cities which have Municipal Corporations. 
 
Question : How many countries have federal political systems, according to the source given by Montreal and Kingston, Handbook of Federal Counries, 2002? 
Answer : 25 countries.

Question : What is the official post for the chaiperson of a Municipal Corporation?
Answer : Mayor

Question : What do you understand by 'coming together' federations? 
Answer :  The independent states which come together on their own to form a bigger unit so that they could increase their security, while maintaining their sovereignty are called the 'coming together federations.' Examples-USA, Switzerland and Australia. 

Question : Which subjects are included in the Union List? 
Answer :  Subjects included in the union list include defense of the country, foreign affairs, banking, etc. 

Question : Why was States Reorganization Commission formed ? 
Answer :  State Reorganization Commission was formed in 1954, to recommend creation of states in India on linguistic basis.

Question : What is decentralization? What is the need for it? 
Answer :  Decentralization can be defined as systematic distribution of authority or power at every level of the government. In India it is the centre, the state and the village level.

Question : Which is the highest institution of Panchayati Raj in India?
Answer : Zilla Parishad 

Question. Name the states in India which enjoy special powers under Article 371 of the Indian Constitution.
Answer : Assam
Nagaland
Arunachal Pradesh
Mizoram

Question. The following cartoon depicts the negative aspects of coalition government at the centre. Identify any two negative aspects.

""CBSE-Class-10-Social-Science-HOTs-Power-Sharing
Answer : 1.The Regional parties exert undue pressure on central govrnment to protect regional interest at the cost national interest.
2.This pressure politics may weaken the central goverment

Question. The Central Government passed a law banning Electric fencing of agricultural fields near forests .At the same time the state government passes a law allowing farmers to erect Electric Fencing with the special permission from the Village officer. Which law will prevail? Why?
Answer : The Central Law will prevail because Prevention of cruelty against animals is a subject in the concurrent list and if two laws conflict with each other the law made by the Central government will prevail if it belongs to the concurrent list.

Question : Much of the official work in Indian state is done in which language? 
Answer : Much of the official work in Indian states is done in the language of the state.

Question : How do the central and state governments enjoy their power in federal system?
Answer : The central and state governments enjoy powers because their 'Powers' are clearly divided in Union list and State list. They exercise authority equally on items listed is the concurrent list. The two governments operate according to their jurisdiction.

Question : What is the system of Panchayati Raj?
Answer : In India, the Panchayati Raj functions as a system of governance in which gram panchayats are the basic units of local administration. The system has three levels: Gram Panchayat (village level), Block Samiti or Panchayat Samiti (block level), and Zilla Parishad (district level). 

Question : In which list of the Indian constitution does education come? Why? 
Answer : Education comes under the concurrent list; so both the states and the centre can legislate on any aspect of education.

Question : Differentiate between Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat.
Answer : Gram Panchayat is a council consisting of several ward members often called 'Panch' and a president called 'Sarpanch'. It is the decision making body for the village. The Panchayat works under the overall supervision of the 'Gram Sabha'. All the voters in the village are its members. 

Question : How can the fundamental provisions of the Indian constitution be changed? 
Answer : The fundamental provisions of the constitution of India cannot be changed unilaterally i.e. it can be changed only in a bilateral way wherein the consent of both the levels of government is required. 
 
Question : What do you mean by 'coming together federation'? 
Answer : A federation which is formed when several independent states come together on their own to form a bigger unit, so that by pooling sovereignty and retaining identity they can increase their security. The USA is an example of such a federation.

 

Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Federalism

Question : How challenge of language policy was adopted by the Indian federalism? 
Answer : i. A second test for Indian federalism is the language policy.
ii. Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language.
iii. Hindi was identified as the official language.
iv. But Hindi is the mother tongue of only about 40 per cent of Indians. Therefore, there were many safeguards to protect other languages.
v. Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognised as Scheduled Languages by the Constitution.
vi. A candidate in an examination conducted for the Central Government positions may opt. to take the examination in any one of these languages.
vii. States too have their own official languages. Much of the government work takes place in the official language of the concerned state. 
 
Question : What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example. 
Answer : Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Federal governments have two or more tiers of government. In a federal form of government, the central government shares its powers with the various constituent units of the country. Both types of governments enjoy independent powers and are separately answerable to the people. For example, in India, power is divided between the Central Government and the various State governments. In a unitary form of government, either there is one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the Central government.
In this, the Central government can pass orders to the provincial or the regional government. For example, in Sri Lanka, the national government has all the powers.
 
Question : How is the Federal government better than a Unitary Government? Explain with the example of Belgium and Sri Lanka. 
Answer : If we study the main difference between the federal and the unitary governments, in the present times the federal governments certainly score over the unitary governments, especially when people of different religions, castes and cultures resides in one and same country.
A. We have seen in power sharing how a unitary form of government has proved a failure in Sri Lanka while a federal type of government has proved a great success in Belgium.
B. In Sri Lanka Unitary government failed to solve the dispute of different sections of the society but in Belgium the federal government gives equal respect to the demands of different sections of the society.
C. In Belgium all types of people have been accommodated while in Majoritarianism has been thrust upon the people especially over the minority community in Sri Lanka.  
 
Question : Highlight three major distinctions between the federations of 'coming together' type and 'holding together' type. 
Answer : The exact balance of power between the central and state governments varies from federation to federation. This balance depends mainly on the historical context on which the federation was formed. There are two kinds of routes through which federations are formed. They are holding together federation and coming together federation.
Holding Together Federation:
i. Large country decides to divide its power between states and the centre.
ii. Central government tends to be more powerful.
iii. Federating units have unequal power.
Coming Together Federation:
i. Independent states coming together on their own to form a bigger unit.
ii. All the states have equal power and are strong.
iii. By pooling sovereignty and retaining identity, they increase their security.
 

Question : Assess the need for local government. How is Federalism Practiced? Decentralization in India 
Answer :  Need for local government :
(i) There are a number of problems and issues that are best settled at the local level because people have a better knowledge of the problems in their localities.
(ii) The local people are aware of their needs and can prioritize and find quick solutions.
(iii) It helps to initiate the process of direct decision-making.
(iv) It helps to inculcate the habit of democratic participation.
(v) Local government is the best way to realize the important principle of democracy, namely local self government.

Question : Explain any five provisions of the Constitutional Amendment of 1992 that strengthened the third tier government in India.
Answer :  The Constitution was amended in 1992 to make the third tier government which made democracy more powerful and effective.
(i) Now it is mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(ii) At least 1/3rd of all positions and seats are reserved for women.
(iii) An independent institution called State Election Commission has been created in each state to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
(iv) The State Governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing varies from state to state. 

Question : What are the three lists given in the Constitution? 
Answer : The three-fold distribution of legislative powers are :
(i) Union list : Union lists consist of 97 subjects. It includes subjects of national importance such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communication and currency.
(ii) State list : State list consists of 66 subjects. It contains subjects of state and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.
(iii) Concurrent list : Concurrent list consists of 47 subjects It includes subjects of common interest to both such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession.

Question : How are the powers divided between the states and centre? Explain with examples 
Answer : (i) There is three-fold distribution of legislative powers :
(a) Union list : Union lists consist of 97 subjects. It includes subjects of national importance such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communication and currency.
(b) State list : State list consists of 66 subjects. It contains subjects of state and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.
(c) Concurrent list : Concurrent list consists of 47 subjects. It includes subjects of common interest to both such as education, forest trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession.
(ii) Union Government can make laws on the subjects which are not covered under these lists. These subjects are put in residuary list.

Question : "Local governments have made a significant impact on Indian democracy. At the same time there are many difficulties". Explain.
Answer : Impact of local self government on Indian democracy : (i) Constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen democracy. (ii) It has increased women's representation and voice in our democracy.
Difficulties :
(i) Gram sabhas are not held regularly.
(ii) Most state governments have not transferred significant powers to local government.
(iii) State government do not provide adequate resources to the gram sabhas.

Question : Which type of powers does the community government of Belgium enjoy? 
Answer : In Belgium, there is the form of community government which is elected by the people belonging to any one language community, i.e. German, French or Dutch. This gives every group proper representation and they can voice their issues associated with the language, culture and its prospective education system.

Question : How has the Panchayati Raj strengthened the democracy in India? Express your views. 
Answer : Panchayati Raj is the best example of decentralisation of power.
(i) People can get most of their problems solved at the local level by participating in decision making. This is because people understand the problems better and can find better solutions locally. (iii) People can think and plan for themselves.

Question. Explain the Concurrent list of the Indian Constitution
Answer : 1. Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union Government as well as the State Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, and adoption
Succession etc
2. Both the Union as well as the State Governments can make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list.
3. If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail.

Question. Why it is not easy to make changes to this power sharing arrangement in India?
Answer : 1. The Parliament cannot on its own change the power sharing arrangement.
2. Any change to it has to be first passed by both the Houses of Parliament with at least two-thirds majority.
3. Then it has to be ratified by the legislatures of at least half of the total States.

Question. If the Federal experiment has succeeded in India, it is not merely because of the clearly laid out constitutional provisions. Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer.
Answer : 1. Well defined and clear constitutional provisions have a major role in the success of Federal system but that is not enough.
2. The real success of Federalism can be attributed to the nature of democratic politics of our country
3. Respect for diversity and desire for living together became shared ideals in our country

Question. Explain the Union list of the Indian Constitution
Answer : 1. Union List of the Indian constitution includes subjects of national importance such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, and communications currency. Etc.
2. They are included in this list because we need a uniform policy on these matters throughout the country.
3. The Union Government alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union List.

Question. ExplainLocal government bodies in urbanareas .
Answer : 1. Municipalities are set up in towns in cities and municipal corporations are set up in big cities
2. Both municipalities and municipal corporations are controlled by elected representatives.
3. Municipal chairperson is the political head of the municipality the Mayor is of the municipal corporation

Question. What is the role of Judiciary in a Federation?
Answer : 1. The judiciary plays an important role in overseeing the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures in a Federal system.
2. In case of any dispute about the division of powers, the High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision.
3. The Judiciary has to be independent and impartial to ensure mutual trust between different levels of government and to uphold the spirit of Federalism

 

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Federalism

Question : Explain how power is shared among different organs of the government. 
Answer : The constitution provided distribution of legislative powers into the following organs:
A. Union List: Subjects of national importance like defense, foreign affairs, atomic energy, banking, post and telegraph are included in the Union List. Only the central government can pass laws on the subjects mentioned in the union list because we need a uniform policy on important or national issues throughout the country. The union list has 97 subjects.
B. State List: It comprises the important subjects on which the state government can pass laws. Subjects like police, local government, trade and commerce, agriculture are within the state included in the State list. The state list has 66 subjects.
C. Concurrent List: The concurrent list comprises the subjects which are of common concern both to the centre and state government. However if there is a conflict between the central law and state law, over a subject in the Concurrent list, the central law would be effective. The concurrent list has 47 subjects.
D. Residuary Powers: Matters which are not included in the division of powers are known as residuary powers. It was felt that there can be subjects which are not mentioned in either of these lists. The central government has been given the power to legislate on the residuary subjects.
 
Question : Assess the need for local government. 
Answer : Need for local government:
i. India is a vast country. States in India are as large as a country in Europe.
ii. Many of these states are internally diverse. That's the reason power-sharing is needed.
iii. There are a number of problems and issues that are best settled at the local level because people have a better knowledge of the problems in their localities.
iv. The local people are aware of their needs and can prioritize.
v. It helps to initiate the process of direct decisionmaking.
vi. It helps to inculcate the habit of democratic participation.
vii. Local government is the best way to realize one important principle of democracy, namely local self-government.

Question : Describe any three features of ‘federalism’.
Answer :  Important aspects of federalism are Governments at different levels should agree to some rules of power sharing. They should also trust that each would abide by its part of the agreement. An ideal federal system has both aspects: mutual trust and agreement to live together. The key features are as follows : There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government. • Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration. The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified in the constitution. So, the existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed. The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government. Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of government. The highest court acts as an umpire if disputes arise between different levels of government in the exercise of their respective powers. Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy. The federal system thus has dual objectives: to safeguard and promote unity of the country, while at the same time accommodate regional diversity.  

Question : Why has federalism succeeded in India? Which were the policies adopted by India that ensured this success? Explain.
Answer :  The creation of Linguistic States was the first and a major test for democratic politics in our country:
(a) Many old states as they were before independent, have been replaced with new states with changed geographies and names. In 1947, the boundaries of several old states were changed in order to create new states. This was done to ensure that people who spoke the same language lived in the same state. Some states were created not on the basis of language but to recognize differences based on culture, ethnicity or geography. These include States like Nagaland, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand.
(b) Language policy : A second test for Indian federation is the language policy. Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language. Hindi was identified as the official language. However, Hindi is the mother tongue of only about 40 per cent of Indians. Therefore, many safeguards were put to protect other languages. Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognized as Scheduled Languages in the Constitution.
(c) Centre-State relations: Restructuring the Centre - State relations is one more way in which federalism has been strengthened in practice. This happened particularly after 1990 when there was a coalition government at the centre.
(d) Decentralisation of power : The governmental power has been decentralised to form the third tier of government in the form of Panchayati Raj and municipal government. 

Question : Highlight three major distinctions between the federations of 'coming together' type and 'holding together' type.
Answer :  Holding together federation :
(i) Large countries decide to divide its power between states and the centre.
(ii) Central government tends to be more powerful.
(iii) Federating units have unequal power.
(iv) India, Spain, Belgium are examples.
Coming together federation :
(i) Independent states coming together on their own to form a bigger unit.
(ii) All the states have equal power and are strong.
(iii) By pooling sovereignty and retaining identity, they increase their security.
(iv) U.S.A, Switzerland, Australia are examples. 

Question : Describe any three provisions of amendment made in Indian Constitution in 1992 for making three tier government more effective and powerful. 
Answer : The various provisions of the constitutional amendment of 1992, made the third tier of our democracy more powerful. Its provisions include –
(a) Now it is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(b) Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executives of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other Backward Classes.
(c) At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
(d) An independent institution called the State Election Commission has been created in each state to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
(e) The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing varies from state to state.

Question : Describe any three steps taken to strengthen the local self-governments, by the Constitutional Amendment, 1992. 
Answer :  A major step towards decentralization and strengthening of the local self-government was taken in 1992. The Constitution was amended to make the third-tier of democracy more powerful and effective. The local governing bodies were given constitutional status.
(a) Now it is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
(b) Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes.
(c) At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
(d) An independent institution called the State Election Commission has been created in each State to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
(e) The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing varies from State to State. Rural local government is popularly known by the name panchayati raj. Members of a panchayat are directly elected by the all the adults who are living in the panchayat.
(f) The local government structure goes right up to the district level. A few gram panchayats are grouped together to form what is usually called a panchayat samiti or block or mandal. The members of this representative body are elected by all the panchyat members in that area.   

  
 
 
Questions :
1.  In what way changes can be made in the federal Constitution?  
2.  What are the reasons for the success of Indian federalism?  
3. Which large country has not followed federalism and why?  
4. What is the basic idea behind decentralization of power?  
5. Do you agree that only big countries have a federal set up?  
6. Distinguish between coming together and holding together federations.  
7. If agriculture and commerce are state subjects, why do we have Ministers of Agriculture and Commerce in the Union Cabinet? 
8. ‘Independence of Judiciary is the key to the success of federation ‘. Examine the the statement.  
9. When was the beginning of coalition era? Why?  
10. Describe any four features of federal government?  
11. ‘ India is a country of diverse languages’. Examine the statement under the linguistic diversity of India.  
12. Examine the concept of three tier government of Indian federation.  
13. What do you mean by Federalism?
14. What do you mean by jurisdiction?
15. How many lists we have retated to legislative powers?
16. What do you mean by decentralisation?
17. What is the main difference between a federal form of Govt and a unitary one? Explain with an example?
18. How power shared between Central and State Govt. in Federalism.
19. Write main features of Federal Government?
Contemporary India II Chapter 02 Forest and Wildlife Resources
CBSE Class 10 Social Science HOTs Forest and Wildlife Resources

HOTS for Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Social Science Class 10

Expert teachers of studiestoday have referred to NCERT book for Class 10 Social Science to develop the Social Science Class 10 HOTS. If you download HOTS with answers for the above chapter you will get higher and better marks in Class 10 test and exams in the current year as you will be able to have stronger understanding of all concepts. High Order Thinking Skills questions practice of Social Science and its study material will help students to have stronger understanding of all concepts and also make them expert on all critical topics. You can easily download and save all HOTS for Class 10 Social Science also from www.studiestoday.com without paying anything in Pdf format. After solving the questions given in the HOTS which have been developed as per latest course books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science designed by our teachers. We have also provided lot of MCQ questions for Class 10 Social Science in the HOTS so that you can solve questions relating to all topics given in each chapter. After solving these you should also refer to Class 10 Social Science MCQ Test for the same chapter

Where can I download latest CBSE HOTS for Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism

You can download the CBSE HOTS for Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism for latest session from StudiesToday.com

Are the Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism HOTS available for the latest session

Yes, the HOTS issued by CBSE for Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism have been made available here for latest academic session

What does HOTS stand for in Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism

HOTS stands for "Higher Order Thinking Skills" in Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Social Science. It refers to questions that require critical thinking, analysis, and application of knowledge

How can I improve my HOTS in Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism

Regular revision of HOTS given on studiestoday for Class 10 subject Social Science Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism can help you to score better marks in exams

Are HOTS questions important for Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Social Science exams

Yes, HOTS questions are important for Democratic Politics II Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Social Science exams as it helps to assess your ability to think critically, apply concepts, and display understanding of the subject.