NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside have been provided below and is also available in Pdf for free download. The NCERT solutions for Class 8 Social Science have been prepared as per the latest syllabus, NCERT books and examination pattern suggested in Class 8 by CBSE, NCERT and KVS. Questions given in NCERT book for Class 8 Social Science are an important part of exams for Class 8 Social Science and if answered properly can help you to get higher marks. Refer to more Chapter-wise answers for NCERT Class 8 Social Science and also download more latest study material for all subjects. Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside is an important topic in Class 8, please refer to answers provided below to help you score better in exams
Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside Class 8 Social Science NCERT Solutions
Class 8 Social Science students should refer to the following NCERT questions with answers for Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside in Class 8. These NCERT Solutions with answers for Class 8 Social Science will come in exams and help you to score good marks
Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History for Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside
Let’s recall
1. Match the following:
ryot - village
mahal- peasant
nij- cultivation on ryot’s lands
ryoti- cultivation on planter’s own land
Answer:
ryot – peasant
mahal- village
nij- cultivation on planter’s own land
ryoti- cultivation on ryot’s lands
2. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Growers of woad in Europe saw indigo as a crop which would provide competition to their earnings.
(b) The demand for indigo increased in late eighteenth- century Britain because of expansion of cotton production and industrialisation.
(c) The international demand for indigo was affected by the discovery of synthetic dyes.
(d) The Champaran movement was against the plight of the indigo cultivators there.
Let’s discuss
3. Describe the main features of the Permanent Settlement.
Answer:
(i)The East India Company introduced the Permanent Settlement in 1793.
(ii)By the terms of the settlement, the rajas and taluqdars were recognized as zamindars.
(iii)They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company.
(iv)The amount to be paid was fixed permanently and it was not to be increased ever in future.
(v)The purpose of fixing the amount was to ensure a regular flow of revenue into the Company’s coffers and at the same time, to encourage the zamindars to invest in improving the land.
(vi)Since the revenue demand of the state would not be increased, the zamindars paid the Company only the fixed revenue and kept the surplus production from the land.
4. How was the mahalwari system different from the Permanent Settlement?
Answer:
|
The mahalwari Settlement |
The Permanent Settlement |
|
(i)The mahalwari system was devised by Holt Mackenzie in 1822, in the North Western provinces of the Bengal Presidency. |
i)The Permanent Settlement was implemented in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis. |
|
(ii)It was devised as an alternative to the Permanent Settlement; it treated the village as an important social institution in north Indian society. |
(ii)It was aimed at ensuring the steady revenue flow to the East India Company. |
|
(iii)The village headmen were in charge of collecting revenue. |
(iii)The rajas and taluqdars were recognized as zamindars and were in charge of collecting revenue. |
|
(iv)The estimated revenue of each plot within a village was added up to calculate the revenue that each village or mahal had to pay. The revenue amount was not fixed permanently, and was to be revised periodically. |
(iv)The revenue amount was fixed and was never to be increased in the future. |
5. Give two problems which arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue.
Answer:
The two problems which arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue were:
(i)Driven by the desire to increase the income from land, revenue officials fixed too high a revenue demand.
ii)Peasants were unable to pay, ryots fled the countryside and villages became deserted in many regions.
6. Why were ryots reluctant to grow indigo?
Answer:
(i)The ryots were reluctant to grow indigo because the planters paid a very low price for the indigo produce.
(ii)With their meager income, the ryots failed to even recover his cost; earning a profit was a really difficult task. This meant that the ryots struggled always to pay back their loans.
(iii)The indigo planters forced the peasants to cultivate indigo on the most fertile parts of their land, but the peasants wanted to grow rice on the best soils.
(iv)The reason was that after an indigo harvest, the land could not be used for the rice cultivation.
7. What were the circumstances which led to the eventual collapse of indigo production in Bengal?
Answer:
(i)In March 1859, thousands of ryots in Bengal refused to grow indigo and attacked indigo factories with weapons.
(ii)They attacked the gomasthas (agents of planters) and swore they would no longer take advances to sow indigo.
(iii)In 1859, the indigo ryots felt that the local zamindars and village headmen supported them against the planters.
(iv)In many villages, headmen mobilised the indigo peasants and fought against the lathiyals. The zamindars encouraged them to resist the planters.
(v)The indigo peasants expected support from the British government against the planters. During this time, Lieutenant Governor was touring the region. The ryots saw the tour as a sign of government support.
(vi) In Barasat, the magistrate Ashley Eden issued a notice to protect the ryots from the indigo contracts.
(vii) Intellectuals from Calcutta visited the indigo districts and wrote about the ryots and the tyranny of the planters, and the horrors of the indigo system.
(viii) The government brought in the military to protect the planters from assault and set up the Indigo Commission to enquire into the revolt. The Commission held the planters guilty.
ix) The Commission asked the ryots to fulfill their existing contracts, and to refuse to produce indigo in future. After the revolt, indigo production collapsed in Bengal.
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| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 4 Tribals Dikus and the Vision of a Golden Age |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 When People Rebel |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 6 Weavers Iron Smelters and Factory Owners |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 7 Civilising the Native Educating the Nation |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 8 Women Caste and Reform |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 9 The Making of the National Movement 1870 1947 |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 10 India after Independence |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 1 Resources |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 2 Land Soil Water Natural Vegetation Wildlife Resources |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 4 Agriculture |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Industries |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 6 Human Resources |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 2 Understanding Secularism |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Why do we need a Parliament? |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 4 Understanding Laws |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Judiciary |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 6 Understanding Our Criminal Justice System |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 9 Public Facilities |
| NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 10 Law and Social Justice |
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NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside
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Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside Class 8 Social Science NCERT Solutions
The Class 8 Social Science NCERT Solutions Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside are designed in a way that will help to improve the overall understanding of students. The answers to each question in Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside of Social Science Class 8 has been designed based on the latest syllabus released for the current year. We have also provided detailed explanations for all difficult topics in Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside Class 8 chapter of Social Science so that it can be easier for students to understand all answers.
NCERT Solutions Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside Class 8 Social Science
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Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside Class 8 NCERT Solution Social Science
These solutions of Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside NCERT Questions given in your textbook for Class 8 Social Science have been designed to help students understand the difficult topics of Social Science in an easy manner. These will also help to build a strong foundation in the Social Science. There is a combination of theoretical and practical questions relating to all chapters in Social Science to check the overall learning of the students of Class 8.
Class 8 NCERT Solution Social Science Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside
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