POETRY SECTION
POEM 1. DUST OF SNOW
Q1. Simple moment proves to be very significant and saves rest of the day of poet from being wasted. Explain on the basis of the poem ‘Dust of Snow”.
Ans. ‘Dust of Snow’ is a beautiful poem written by Robert Frost. This poem conveys that even a simple moment has a large significance. The poet mentioned crow and hemlock tree in this poem. Crow signifies his depressive and sorrowful mood and hemlock tree is a poisonous tree. Both these signify that the poet was not in a good mood and so he describes the dark, depressive and bitter side of nature to present his similar mood.
The poet says that once he was in a sad, depressive mood and was sitting under a hemlock tree. A crow, sitting on the same tree, shook off the dust of snow, small particles of snow that remained on the surface after the snowfall, on the poet. This simple action changed the poet’s mood. He realised that he had just wasted a part of his day repenting and being lost in sorrow. But the change in his mood made him realise that he should utilize the rest of the day in some useful activity. His sorrow was washed away by the light shower of dust of snow. His spirit was revived and he got ready to utilize the rest of the day.
Q2. The poet was sad and depressed. But one comical incident lifts his spirits. He is full of joy and happiness again. Based on your reading of the poem, write a paragraph on the topic – Happiness is relative.
Ans-No one is always happy. It is just a passing phase of one’s life. It varies from time to time and place to place. It depends on certain people who you are close to. There are times when we are extremely happy or sorrowful. In most circumstances, our happiness is decided by certain moments in our life. Some light moments can really enliven our mood. The actions of our friends can make us happy or sometimes sorrowful. We must also realize that on every cloud there is a silver lining. This means that every sorrowful moment is followed by a period of joy and happiness.
Q3. What do the crow and hemlock represent - joy or sorrow? What does the dust of snow that the crow shakes off a hemlock tree stand for?
A. Both crow and the hemlock tree represent sorrow. Frost has used both the negative creatures (crow and the hemlock tree) as the carriers of positivism and strength that transformed his day for the better.By not using birds like sparrow and nightingale and trees like maple, oak or a pine, the poet has tried to break down all the preconceived notions we have about certain agents of nature. He has tried to make us understand that we see the world not as how it is, but as how we want to see it. Thus, the crow sitting and a hemlock tree together made his day better. The dust of snow stands for joy.
POEM 2. FIRE AND ICE
Q1. Today’s world is conflict ridden. People fight over various issues and there is no peace in the world. Explain/Describe based on your reading of the poem ‘Fire’ and ‘Ice’.
Ans.: Hatred is a predominant issue in today’s world. Neighbour hates his neighbour, brother hates his brother. None is willing to forgive each other or tolerate each other. As a result of the hatred we live in a very fragmented world. If hatred continues to rule our lives and world, nothing will remain intact. All our achievements will perish and the world will come to an end. If we have to save the world we need to learn how to forget and forgive. For this we need to have enormous amount of love and compassion and be willing to tolerate the differences and learn to get along with each other.
Q2. What does ‘Fire’ and ‘Ice’ stand for and what is the general opinion regarding the world?
Ans.: Fire’ stands for fury, desire, lust, anger, avarice, cruelty, greed. Ice is symbolic of hatred, coldness, rigidity, insensitivity and intolerance. The general opinion regarding the world is that the world will end in fire and some say in ice. Both the reasons contrast each other and one is equally opposite to each other. People who favour fire believe that it will be the heat and passion which will end the world. On the other side some people think that it will be the ice which will freeze the world.
Q3. There are many ideas about how the world will ‘end’. Do you think the world will end some day? Have you ever thought what would happen if the sun got so hot that it ‘burst’, or grew colder and colder?
Ans.: There are many ideas about how the world will end. Robert Frost points out two destructive forces—Fire and Ice, they may cause an end to the world. Yes, everything is subjected to an end. The world would come to an end someday. The cause may be a war or natural calamity. The sun is the main source of energy. It is life on the earth.
If the sun got so hot that it “burst’ or grew colder and colder the life on the earth would come to an end.
POEM 3. A TIGER IN THE ZOO
Q1. “Freedom is a birth right. It is the most beautiful gift of god. It is valuable for all human beings as well as for creatures,” Discuss with reference to the poem “A Tiger in the Zoo”.
Ans. Freedom is the most beautiful gift of god. Freedom is a birthright, without freedom all is in vain.Since the man has come on his earth, he tries to enslave the weaker sections for his own selfishness. If a bird lives in a golden cage, it cannot become happy. It loves to fly freely in an open sky. In the same way, if a man lives in a prison and gets everything, he cannot feel happiness. But if a man lives freely he will be happy even in poor conditions. In this poem, we find the descriptions of two tigers; one is in a cage and second in an open field/forest. There is a great contrast between their behaviours.
Q2. Human beings use animals for entertainment, for their selfish ends and for recreation. What are your views about exploitation of animals? Describe with reference to the poem 'A tiger in the zoo'.
Ans. Human beings use animals, small or big, for their selfish ends. Animals are killed, poached and captured for commercial benefits. Humans have encroached upon their space and sheltered them in zoos which is truly inhuman .In the poem 'a tiger in the zoo’; the poet has shown the plight of a tiger.He is captured and confined to a small cage he is frustrated, angry and restless. He longs for freedom.Confinement brings bondage and bondage is cruelty. Every day we see many animals suffering due to human callousness. Monkeys are captured and made to dance on roads, elephants are changed and forced to lift heavy loads. Many animals are sheltered in Zoos for the entertainment of human beings.
They are kept in poor conditions. They are treated inhumanly. We should learn to respect nature and its inhabitants. After all, these animals too share the earth with us.
Q3. Some animals are becoming extinct; the tiger is one such animal. What do you think could be the reason? Should this trend of its decreasing population be stopped? Why?
Ans. The primary threats to the survival of tigers are poaching and Habitat loss due to intensive development. The tigers are getting extinct. They are on the list of endangered species and the reason behind it is human interference. Human beings hunt tigers for their commercial benefits.The loss of habitats also leads to a reduction in Prey animals so the area can support fewer tigers. Moreover, tigers are poached for trophies such as teeth and fur and for traditional medicines. The growing human population clears the forest area to convert them into agricultural land for food. This creates a problem for the tigers’ habitat. Tigers are the backbone of food web and forest hence should be protected.
POEM 4. THE BALL POEM
Q1. "One should learn to accept and let go and not stick to something that we cannot have".Elaborate the idea with reference to the poem 'The ball poem'.
Ans. It is important for everyone to experience to accept the loss and be bold and get on with life.Staying strong is the only way to survive. One should understand that the past is gone and will never come back. Sometimes loss helps us in growing up and we are able to face hardships. We also learn to accept and let go and do not stick to something which we cannot have. In the poem, a little boy lost his only proud possession, i.e. his ball. He is learning what is like experiencing grief when he loses a much beloved possession- his ball. He deeply grieved due to the loss. The poet too feels that it is of no use to purchase another ball. He must feel his responsibility of the loss. The poet makes the boy understand about his responsibilities as the loss is immaterial. Money is external as it cannot buy memories, nor can it replace the things that we love, the things that really matter.
Q2. "You learn more from losing than you do from winning” Justify this sentence with reference to the poem 'The ball poem'.
Ans. Every one experiences a loss at some point in one’s life. It might be the loss of a beloved, or a parent or a close relative or even a pet. Humans have a tendency of getting attached to things and the loss of things or people close to heart causes grievance. But one must not let that pull us down. Loss is an essential and significant experience of one’s life. And one must learn to deal with it and move on. If we keep thinking about it or grieve over that loss, we can never come out of it. It will only affect us psychologically and can have severe consequences. Brooding over a loss will never help in bringing things back to normal. Loss is inevitable sometimes. Once a loss occurs, one must grieve, but only for a short while. Thereafter one must get over it and move on in life.
3. How is the lost ball, the metaphor of the lost childhood of the boy? Elaborate.
Ans. The boy has a ball. Perhaps he has been keeping it for a long time. He must have developed lot of attachment and with for the ball. Suddenly while he is playing, the ball bounces down the street. And after the few bounces it falls down into the harbor. It is lost forever. The boy stand there shocked and fixed to the ground. He constantly goes on staring at the spot where his ball fell down in water. Outwardly the loss seems to be quite small. The boy seems to be making a fuss over the loss. A new ball can be easily bought in a dime. The Metaphor of the lost ball is beautifully linked with the sweet childhood. No amount of money can buy the ball back that has been lost forever. Similarly no worldly wealth can buy back the lost childhood.
POEM 5. AMANDA
Q1.‘Living with one’s head in the air’ is what Amanda epitomizes. Justify with examples from the poem.
Ans. Instead of paying attention to the diktat of not biting her nails and sitting upright, Amanda daydreams about an emerald sea where she is the sole mermaid. Pensively, Amanda imagines herself a neglected urchin-cum-orphan, patterning soft dust with unshod feet. Instead of hearing the warnings about not eating the chocolate as it will bring on the acne, and listen attentively, Amanda imagines she is Rapunzel, with long tresses.
Q2- How does Amanda tackle the nagging nature of her parents? Explain with examples from the poem. What values does it portray about Amanda?
Ans: Amanda is a small girl who is termed as moody for her careless behaviour. But it is very surprising to know that this is her defence mechanism to shield against her nagging parents. Amanda is getting instructions from her parents, which become too much to handle for the small girl. She is told not to eat her nails and sit in a proper position. Amanda’s response to it is her work of imagination where she is a mermaid drifting effortlessly by the languid river.
Q3- Amanda wants to be Rapunzel but she does not want to let her hair down. Does this show her solidarity or obstinate nature?
Ans: Amanda wants to be Rapunzel because she knew that in the story, there was no staircase to enter the tower. It was only possible with the help of Rapunzel’s long hair that she would let down to help others to climb. Amanda feels that life in the tower will be very calm and nice and also makes it a point to never let her hair down for anyone as she doesn’t want to get disturbed by visitors. This shows her solidarity.
POEM 6. ANIMALS
Q1.What are the ‘tokens’ that the poet says he may have dropped long ago, and which the animals have kept for him?
Ans: The ‘tokens’ are of mutual love and understanding that the ancestors of the poet used to share with the animals thousands of years ago. The poet says that they dropped them and the animals kept them.
Q2. ‘Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands of years ago.’ How does the poet satirical comment on human being in these lines?
Ans:The poet wishes to convey that the animals do not kneel before others especially before the ones who lived thousands of years ago. But the human beings indulge in hero worship and kneel to other human beings, who might have lived thousands of years ago. The poet satirical comments on humans and ways of human worshipping other humans and still dissatisfied.
Q3. The poet in the poem ‘Animals’ laments the loss of certain values on the part of human beings, whereas animals seems to have retained them and are self-contented. Analyse the cause of degeneration of values in today’s hard times.
Ans: In the modern civilized world, human beings have achieved a lot of material values but lost the real virtues. The more developed and modern human beings became, the more they lost the essence of their characters. Animals, whereas, never adapted to any material goods and always remained natural.This natural aspect of animals has helped them maintain their values. Humans, in order to possess more and more have forgotten kindness and innocence. They indulge in all unethical practices which are devoid of any good virtue, hence the poet laments (complaints) the loss of good values on part of human beings.
POEM 7. THE TALE OF CUSTARD THE DRAGON
Q1. The dragon, custard was considered a coward. The humble dragon proved his bravery in adversity. Analyse that certain qualities like bravery and courage are situational and spontaneous. Express your views with reference to the poem.
Ans. Custard’s humbleness won every reader’s heart as he showed true bravery and did not boast like Belinda and her other pets. Everyone boasted of their bravery but when they faced real danger, it was only Custard, who had the courage to face it. And he proved his bravery by not running away and facing the pirate and killing him. Qualities like bravery and courage can only be tested when someone is actually put in a dangerous situation. Therefore, these qualities are situational as becomes clear from Custard’s example. Custard looked for comfort all the time but this did not mean that he was a coward.
Q2. ‘Bravery is spontaneous’ Explain with reference to the poem.
Ans. Custard was truly brave and did not boast like Belinda and her other pets. Custard had the courage to face real danger, whereas everyone only boasted of their bravery. Custard faced the pirate and killed him, and he proved it by not running away. Bravery and courage are qualities which are, exhibited when someone actually faces a dangerous situation. Thus these qualities are spontaneous, taking the example of custard.
Q3. Is there a hidden message that the poet is wishing to convey or do you think that entertainment is the sole purpose of writing this poem?
Ans. The interpretation of the message in the poem may vary for different readers. The situation narrated underscores a basic truth that the real test of courage is during a crisis. The dragon though never put his strength on display but exhibited it in action when it was required to do so.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
SECTION A (WRITING)
1. You are Jacob of 101 Park Road, Hyderabad. You recently bought a laptop from Crown Electronics, Central Market Hyderabad. However, it has begun to malfunction within a week of buying it. Write a letter in 120-150 words to the manager, listing the problems you are facing and asking him to rectify the problems.
SECTION B (LITERATURE)
2. Read the extracts and answer the questions that follow.
He stalks in his vivid stripes
The few steps of his cage,
On pads of velvet quiet,
In his quiet rage
(a) Who is ‘He’ in the above lines?
(b) Where is he?
(c) Where and how is he walking?
(d) In which mood is he? Why?
OR
On that lovely autumn day, I was accompanied by my daughter Zenani. On the podium, Mr. de Klerk was first sworn in as Second Deputy President. Then Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as First Deputy President. When it was my turn, I pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution and to devote myself to the well-being of its people.
(a) Who is the speaker of these lines?
(b) What oath did the speaker take?
(c) What was Nelson Mandela sworn in as?
(d) Where did the oath taking ceremony take place?
3. Answer any two of the following questions in 30-40 words.
a) What transformed the life of a frightened young lawyer to become a bold criminal?
b) Why did Hari Singh feel bad after stealing the money?
c) How does the tiger prepare himself for hunting when he is in his natural habitat — the jungle?
SECTION C (GRAMMAR)
4. Fill in the following blanks choosing the most appropriate option from the ones given in the brackets
The peacock is perhaps the most beautiful (a) ________ (between, among, in, of) the male birds, with its long blue neck, fan-shaped crest (b) __________ (and, or, except, along) its gorgeous tail. (c) _______________. (most, atleast, each, all) feather ends in a half moon. (d) ________ (if, when, although, whenever) raised, the tail spreads like a fan
Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 10 English Practice Worksheet Set C