Advanced Writing Skills: Note-making and Summarizing
1. Must write the title. It should state what the majority of the passage talks about.
2. Minimum 4 abbreviations to be used in note making and make key to abbreviations after writing the notes and not after the summary. (max. abbreviations :5)
3. Helping verbs , articles ,pronouns and determiners could be omitted while writing notes.
4. Write minimum 3 main heading and 3 sub headings (do not write too many subheadings)
5. Write phrases not complete sentences
6. Do not forget to use indentation
7. Do not use numbers as abbreviations: Wrong: 2 – two.
8. Other examples of abbreviations:
Edu. – Education (use 1st few letters), Achvmnt-achievement (omit vowels), b‘ful–beautiful , (write first few and last few letters), BBC –British broadcasting Corporation (acronyms), @,& ,= (conventional symbols), Govt. ,Ans. ,Ltd (standard abbreviations).
9. Notes making should not be lengthy. It should not cover more than 2 sides of a page.
Summary
• Do not exceed word limit given in the exam. Summary is made out of notes not the passage.
• Do not divide the summary in to different paragraphs. It should be attempted just after the note making.
• Do not start like this: ‗The passage talks about‘.
• Do not use any abbreviations in summary. Write complete, grammatically correct sentences. Try to follow the order of the notes as far as possible
Format:
TITLE (underline the title)
NOTES
1. Main Heading
A.1 Sub heading
Left Margin A.1.1 Sub Sub-Heading (optional_
(do not A.1.2 Sub Sub-Heading
Write no. A.2 Sub heading
In margin) A.2.1 Sub Sub-Heading
A.2.2 Sub Sub-Heading
2. Main Heading
B.1 Sub heading
B.1.1 Sub Sub-Heading
B.1.2 Sub Sub-Heading
B.2 Sub heading
B.2.1 Sub Sub-Heading
B.2.2 Sub Sub-Heading
Sample:
Q. Read the passage given below and make the notes.
Leadership does not exist without followership. A leader has to be accepted by the group which the former is supposed to lead. To gain acceptability the leader should cause an emotive impact on the group members.
The strength of character exhibited by leaders makes them dear to their followers. A leader is one who effectively inspires followers to achieve worthwhile things. What character of the leader motivates the followers? It is not pomp and show nor flattery nor sanctioning more incentives. Pomp and show creates a sense of awe and the leader is defied rather than emulated. Flattery is unrealistic, and cannot serve as a long term motivational tool. A leader‘s style should be one that can be emulated by all irrespective of cadre, class and calibre. Simplicity in one‘s day-to-day conduct is the only thing that can be adopted by all. When the leader is simple, he is counted as one belonging to the group of which he is the leader. That‘s enough to motivate the people. Motivation is the innate quality that enables an individual or group, to contribute unlimitedly with limited means. It is the proud prerogative of enlightened human beings.
A leader needs to assume the role of a guide; quintessential of fulfilling the role is knowledgeability. Technical and administrative knowledge of the guide in balanced quantity and of right kind are essential. The technical knowledge is too vast to acquire by a leader. At beat he is either ‗Jack of all‘ or ‗Master of few‘. But he has to master the human relations aspect of administration in all detail. And when the leader is good at this his guidance is sought accepted, then he fulfils the role of a guide. The leader is a negotiator within and outside the organisation.
The leader shapes people and moulds character. To achieve this, the leader should maintain equanimity. Equanimity is keeping oneself poised and balanced at all times. A leader is simply great, if he can mould his followers with this frame of mind. He does this by his own example.
(а) Read the above passage and make notes in points only using abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title.
(b) Write a summary of the above passage in 100 words.
Title: Leadership
1. Leadership
(a) Lop-sided without followership
(b) Has emotive impact on followers
2. Qualities of a Leader
(a) strength of character
(b) Skill to inspire followers to achieve a goal
(c) Style—worthy of emu.
3. Demrits of a Leader
(a) pomp and show
(b) disposed to flattery
(c) sanct‘ng more incentives
4. Simplicity
(a) makes one social
i) easily acceptable in the group
(b) motivates both individuals and groups to contribute profusely
5. Leader as a Guide
(a) nego‘r. within and outside the orgn.
(b) moulds character
(c) maintains mental balance & dignity
Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 12 English Note Making And Summarizing Worksheet Set A
