CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Solid State Assignment Set 01

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Level-1 QUESTIONS
 
1 Why are solids rigid?
 
Because the particles have fixed positions and can oscillate only about their mean position only.
 
2 Why do solids have a definite volume?
 
The particles of solid have fixed positions and can oscillate only about their mean positions only. That is, solids possess rigidity and hence have definite volume.
 
3 Why is glass considered a super cooled liquid?
 
Like liquids, amorphous solids have a tendency to flow, though very slowly.
 
4 Give the significance of a ‘lattice point’.
 
It is the constituent particle (atom, ion or molecule) of a regular and repeating pattern of crystalline solid
 
5 Name the parameters that characterise a unit cell.
 
A unit cell is characterised by:
 
(i) its dimensions along the three edges, a, b and c. These edges may or may not be mutually perpendicular.
 
(ii) angles between the edges, α (between b and c) β (between a and c) and γ (between a and b).
Thus, a unit cell is characterised by six parameters, a, b, c, α, β and γ. These parameters of a typical unit cell are shown in the fig.
 
6. Distinguish between Face- centred and end-centred unit cells and body - centred unit cells. A face centered unit cell has one constituent particle present at the centre of each face in addition to corner particles. An end centered unit cell has one particle each at the centre of any two opposite faces in addition to corner particles. A body centered unit cell has one particle at the centre of unit cell in addition to corner particles.
 
7 What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by: (i) ZnS (ii) AgBr ZnS shows Frenkel defect due to large difference in ionic size. AgBr shows both Frenkel defect and Schottky defect

8. Define the term 'amorphous'. Give a few examples of amorphous solids.

An amorphous solid consists of particles of irregular shape. The arrangement of constituent particles

(atoms, molecules or ions) in such a solid has only short range order. Glass, rubber and plastics are typical examples of amorphous solids. 9
 
(i) What is meant by the term 'coordination number'?

(ii) What is the coordination number of atoms: (a) in a cubic close-packed structure?

(b) in a body-centred cubic structure?

(i) The number of immediate neighbouring atoms with which each atom is in contact with is known as co-ordination number.

(ii) a) in a cubic close-packed structure the coordination number is 12

b) in a body-centred cubic structure the coordination number is 8

10 How will you distinguish between the following pairs of terms?

(i) Crystal lattice and unit cell?

(ii) Tetrahedral void and octahedral void?

(i) a regular three dimensional arrangement of points in space is called a crystal lattice. Unit cell is the smallest portion of a crystal lattice which, when repeated in different directions, generates the entire lattice. (ii

Tetrahedral void Octahedral void

1.it is a void formed when 4 spheres

(3 in one layer and 1 in next layer) are joined together.

2. Its co-ordination number is 4.

3.its radius is 0.225R where R is the radius of the close packed sphere

4. Tetrahedral void is much smaller than

octahedral void

1.it is a void formed when 6 spheres

(3 in one layer and 3 in next layer) are joined together.

2. Its co-ordination number is 6.

3.its radius is 0.414R where R is the radius of the close packed sphere

4. Octahedral void is much bigger than tetrahedral void.

11. What is a semiconductor? Describe the two main types of semiconductors and contrast their conduction mechanism.
These are the solids with conductivities in the intermediate range of conductors and insulators (from 10–6 to 104 ohm–1m–1)
 
Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Solid State
 

Question. The fcc crystal contains how many atoms in each unit cell?
(a) 6
(b) 8
(c) 4
(d) 5.

Answer :  C

Question. The number of atoms contained in a fcc unit cell of a monatomic substance is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6

Answer :  C

Question. The pure crystalline substance on being heated gradually first forms a turbid liquid at constant temperature and still at higher temperature turbidity completely disappears. The behaviour is a characteristic of substance forming
(a) allotropic crystals
(b) liquid crystals
(c) isomeric crystals
(d) isomorphous crystals.

Answer :  B

Question. Glass is a
(a) liquid
(b) solid
(c) supercooled liquid
(d) transparent organic polymer.

Answer :  C

Question. Most crystals show good cleavage because their atoms, ions or molecules are
(a) weakly bonded together
(b) strongly bonded together
(c) spherically symmetrical
(d) arranged in planes. 

Answer :  D

Question. The ability of a substance to assume two or more crystalline structures is called
(a) isomerism
(b) polymorphism
(c) isomorphism
(d) amorphism

Answer :  B

Question. Cation and anion combines in a crystal to form following type of compound
(a) ionic
(b) metallic
(c) covalent
(d) dipole-dipole. 

Answer :  A

Question. For two ionic solids CaO and KI, identify the wrong statement among the following.
(a) CaO has high melting point.
(b) Lattice energy of CaO is much larger than that of KI.
(c) KI has high melting point.
(d) KI is soluble in benzene

Answer :  D

Question. For orthorhombic system axial ratios are a ≠ b ≠ c and the axial angles are
(a) α = β = γ ≠ 90º
(b) α = β = γ = 90º
(c) α = γ = 90º, β ≠ 90º
(d) α ≠ β ≠ γ ≠ 90º

Answer :  B

Question. The number of carbon atoms per unit cell of diamond unit cell is
(a) 6
(b) 1
(c) 4
(d) 8 

Answer :  D

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Unit 1 Solid State Printable Assignments & Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry

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