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Assignment for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life
Class 12 Chemistry students should refer to the following printable assignment in Pdf for Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life in Class 12. This test paper with questions and answers for Class 12 Chemistry will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life Class 12 Chemistry Assignment
Q-1 Mention one important use of the following-
Ans-1 (i) Equanil- It is a tranquilizer.
(ii) Sucrolose-It is an artificial sweetener.
Q-2 Define the following and give one example-
(i)Antipyretics
Ans-2 (i) Antipyretics- Those drugs which reduce the temperature of feveral body are called Antipyretics.
Eg - Paracetamol
(ii) Antibiotics-The drugs which prevent the growth of other micro-organisms. Eg- Pencillin.
Q-3 Name the medicines used for the treatment of the following-
(i) Tuberculosis
Q-4 what are tincture of iodine?
Ans-4 2-3% iodine solution of alcohol water is called tincture of Iodine. It is a powerful antiseptics and is applied on wounds.
Q- 5 What is artificial sweetening agent? Give two examples?
Ans-5 The substances which give sweetening to food but don’t add calorie to our body .
Eg- Saccharin, alitame.
Q-6 How is synthetic detergents better than soaps?
Ans- 6 (i) Detergents can be used in hard water but soaps cannot be used.
(ii) Detergents have a stronger cleansing action than soaps.
Q-7 what are sulpha drugs? Give two examples?
Ans-7 a group of drugs which are derivatives of sulphanilamide and are used in place of antibiotics is called sulpha drugs.
Eg- sulphadizine, sulphanilamide.
Ans-8 The forces are involved in holding the active sites of the enzymes are hydrogen bonding , ionic bonding , dipoledipole attractions or Vander waals force of attractions.
Q-9 Describe the following giving an example in each
(ii) Antifertility drugs
(i) Edible colours- They are used for dying food.
Eg- saffron is used to colour rice.
(ii) Antifertility drugs- Those drugs which control the birth of the child are called antifertility drugs.
Ans-10 Phenol (0.2%), iodoform
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
Q-1 what are Biodegredable and non-biodegdredable detergents? Give one example of each.
Ans-1 Detergents having straight hydrocarbon chain and are easily decomposed by micro-organisms are called Biodegredable detergents.The detergents having branched hydrocarbon chain and are not easily decomposed by microorganisms are called Non-Biodegredable detergents.
Q-2 what are barbiturates? To which class of drugs do they belong? Give two examples.
(i) Benadryl (ii) sodium benzoate (iii) Progesterone
Ans-3 (i) Antihistamines
(ii) Preservatives
(iii) Antifertility drug
(i) Ofloxacin (ii) Aspirin (iii) Cimetidine
Ans- 4 (i) Antibiotic (ii) Analgesics & Antipyretics
(iii) Antihistamines & antacid
(i) Disinfectant (ii) Analgesics
(iii) Broad spectrum antibiotics
(i) Disinfectant- chemicals used to kill the micro-organisms can applied on non living articles.
(ii) Analgesics- They are the drugs which are used to relieve pain . eg – Aspirin , Ibuprofen.
(iii) Broad spectrum antibiotics- They kill the wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
Eg- Chloramphenicol , ofloxacin.
1. DRUGS – Drugs are chemical of low molecular masses, which interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response.
2. CHEMOTHERAPY- The use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy.
3. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS –
(a) ON THE BASIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECT-drugs for a particular type of problem as analgesics-----for pain relieving.
(b) ON THE BASIS OF DRUG ACTION-Action of drug on a particular biochemical process.
(c) ON THE BASIS OF CHEMICAL ACTION-Drugs having similar structure .eg-sulpha drugs.
(d) ON THE BASIS OF MOLECULAR TARGETS- Drugs interacting with biomolecules as lipids, proteins.
4. ENZYMES AS DRUG TARGETS
(i) CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMES-
(a) Enzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules.
(b) Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole –dipole interactions.
(ii) DRUG- ENZYME INTERACTIONS-
(a)Drug complete with natural substrate for their attachments on the active sites of enzymes .They are called competitive inhibitors.
(b)Some drugs binds to a different site of the enzyme called allosteric sites which changes the shape of active sites.
5. ANTAGONISTS- The drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function.
6. AGONISTS-Drugs mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor.
7. ANTACIDS-These are compounds which neutralize excess acid of stomach.eg-Aluminium hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide.
8. ANTI HISTAMINES-The drugs which interfare with the natural action of histamines and prevent the allergic reaction. eg- rantidine,tegarnet, avil.
9. TRANQULIZERS-The class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress,mild or even severe mental diseases. Eg-idardil, iproniagid, luminal, second equaqnil .
10. ANALGESICS-They reduce pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion or some other disturbance of the nervous system.
Eg - aspirin, seridon , phenacetin.
11. ANTIMICROBIALS-They tend to prevent/destroy or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes as bacteria ,virus ,fungi etc .They are classified as
(i)ANTIBIOTICS-Those are the chemicals substances which are produced by micro-organisms. Eg- Pencillin , ofloxacin .
NARROW SPECTRUM ANTI-BIOTICS-These are effective mainly against gram positive or gram negative bacteria. Eg- Penicillin , streptomycin.
BROAD SPECTRUM ANTI-BIOTICS-They kill or inhibit a wide range of micro-organisms. eg- chloramphenicol , tetracydine .
(ii)ANTISEPTICS OR DISINFECTANT-These are which either kill/inhibit the growth of micro-organisms Antiseptics are applied to the living tissuses such as wounds, cuts, ulcers etc. eg-furacine,chloroxylenol & terpinol(dettol) .Disinfectant are applied to inanimate objects such as floors , drainage , system.
Eg- 0.2% solution of phenol is an antiseptic while 1% solution is an disinfectant.
12. ANTIFERTILITY DRUGS- These is the chemical substances used to control the pregnancy. They are also called oral contraceptives or birth control pills.
Eg-Mifepristone, norethindrone.
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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life Assignment
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Assignment for Chemistry CBSE Class 12 Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life
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Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life Assignment Chemistry CBSE Class 12
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Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life Assignment CBSE Class 12 Chemistry
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CBSE Chemistry Class 12 Unit 16 Chemistry In Everyday Life Assignment
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