CBSE Class 10 Social Science The Rise Of Nationalism In Europe VBQs

Question : Certain events are given below. Choose the appropriate chronological order : 
1. Arrival of Simon Commission to India
2. Demand of Purna Swaraj in Lahore Session of INC.
3. Government of India Act, 1919
4. Champaran Satyagraha
Choose the correct option :
(a) 3 – 2 – 4 – 1
(b) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3
(c) 2 – 3 – 1 – 4
(d) 4 – 3 – 1 – 2
Answer : D

Question : The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in :
(a) April 1919
(b) January 1921
(c) November 1920
(d) March 1931
Answer : B

Question : With this, Gandhiji decided to participate in Round Table Conference in London :
(a) Nagpur Congress
(b) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
(c) Quit India Movement
(d) Chauri Chaura incident
Answer : B

Question : This marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement :
(a) Simon Commission
(b) Lahore Congress
(c) Satyagraha
(d) Dandi March
Answer : D

Question : Gandhiji organised Satyagraha to support the peasants in Kheda district of Gujarat :
(a) 1913
(b) 1916
(c) 1917
(d) 1918
Answer : C

Question :  From the above image, which march was started by Gandhiji to start Civil Disobedience Movement?
(a) Sabarmati March
(b) Salt March
(c) Dandi March
(d) Ahmedabad March
Answer : C

Question :  Identify the Memorial built for those who were killed in this incident.
(a) Chauri Chaura
(b) Satyagraha
(c) Jallianwala Bagh
(d) Salt March
Answer : C

True / False

Question : The Poona Pact was negotiated between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Answer : True

Question : The industrial working class did not participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement in large numbers.
Answer : True 

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question : Assertion : When Simon Commission arrived in India,it was greeted with the slogan ‘Go back Simon’.
Reason : This happened as Mahatma Gandhi was on Dandi March during that time.
Answer : (c) 

Question : Assertion : Gandhiji entered into Gandhi-Irwin Pact on 5 March 1931.
Reason : Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Jawaharlal Nehru were both put in jail, the Congress was declared illegal, and a series of measures had been imposed to prevent meetings, demonstrations and boycotts.
Answer : (b) 

Question : Assertion : Rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience Movement, organising their communities and at times forcing reluctant members to participate in the boycott programmes.
Reason : However, they were deeply happy when the movement was called off in 1931 with revenue rates being lowered.
Answer : (c)

Question : Assertion : Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland and it was later included in his novel Anandamath and widely sung during the Swadeshi movement.
Reason : Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata, which is portrayed as an ascetic figure, who is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.
Answer : (d)

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:

Many within the Congress were, however, concerned about the proposals. They were reluctant to boycott the council elections scheduled for November 1920, and they feared that the movement might lead to popular violence. In the months between September and December there was an intense tussle within the Congress. For a while there seemed no meeting point between the supporters and the opponents of the movement. Finally, at the Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, a compromise was worked out and the Non-Cooperation programme was adopted. In February 1922, Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement. He felt the movement was turning violent in many places and satyagrahis needed to be properly trained before they would be ready for mass struggles. Within the Congress, some leaders were by now tired of mass struggles and wanted to participate in elections to the provincial councils that had been set up by the Government of India Act of 1919. They felt that it was important to oppose British policies within the councils, argue for reform and also demonstrate that these councils were not truly democratic. C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics. But younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose pressed for more radical mass agitation and for full independence. On 31 January 1930, he sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands. Some of these were of general interest; others were specific demands of different classes, from industrialists to peasants. The idea was to make the demands wide-ranging, so that all classes within Indian society could identify with them and everyone could be brought together in a united campaign. The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax. Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one of the most essential items of food. The tax on salt and the government monopoly over its production, Mahatma Gandhi declare,revealed the most oppressive face of British rule.

Question :  In which session of Congress, the Non- Cooperation Movement was adopted?
Answer : The Non-Cooperation movement was adopted in the Nagpur session of Congress in 1920.

Question :  Due to which incident Mahatma Gandhi Call off the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Answer : In 1922, a peaceful demonstration in a bazaar at Chauri Chaura turned into a violent clash with the police. Hearing this incident, Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non- Cooperation Movement. 16.3 What was the role of the women in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Answer. The women participated in protest marches, manufactured salt and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail.They began to see service to the nation as a sacred duty of women.

Question :  What was the role of the women in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Answer : The women participated in protest marches, manufactured salt and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail.They began to see service to the nation as a sacred duty of women.

Read the extract and answer the questions that follows:

In his famous book Hind Swaraj (1909) Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians, and had survived only because of this cooperation. If Indians refused to cooperate, British rule in India would collapse within a year, and swaraj would come. How could noncooperation become a movement? Gandhiji proposed that the movement should unfold in stages. It should begin with the surrender of titles that the government awarded, and a boycott of civil services, army, police, courts and legislative councils, schools, and foreign goods. Then, in case the government used repression, a full civil disobedience campaign would be launched. Through the summer of 1920 Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali toured extensively, mobilising popular support for the movement. Many within the Congress were, however, concerned about the proposals. They were reluctant to boycott the council elections scheduled for November 1920, and they feared that the movement might lead to popular violence. In the months between September and December there was an intense tussle within the Congress. For a while there seemed no meeting point between the supporters and the opponents of the movement. Finally, at the Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, a compromise was worked out and the Non- Cooperation programme was adopted. Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question :  The Cogress Session at Nagpur was held in ________ .
(a) September 1920
(b) April 1919
(c) November 1920
(d) December 1920
Answer : D

Question :  The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in _______ .
(a) April 1919
(b) January 1921
(c) December 1920
(d) January 1924
Answer : B

Question :  Which of the following options best describe the Non-Cooperation Movement?
(a) Rowlatt Act
(b) Jalliawala Bagh Massacre
(c) Swadeshi and Boycott
(d) Salt March
Answer : C

Question :  Which of the following option is the reason of the participation of Muslims in the Non-Cooperation Movement?
(a) Repressive plantation system.
(b) Defending Khalifa’s temporal power.
(c) Restriction to use forest produce.
(d) All of the above.
Answer : B 

Question. Describe any three steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
Answer : • The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch. • When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood For this, they emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri-colour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as: 1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. 2. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation. 3. A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. 4. Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. 5. Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation. 6. They further declared that it was the mission and the destiny of the French nation to liberate the people of Europe from despotism and help them to become nations.

Question. Explain any three beliefs of the conservatism that emerged after 1815.
Answer: Three beliefs of conservatism that emerged after 1815 were:
Established and traditional institutions of state and society like monarchy, the Church, property and family should be preserved.
They believed in the modernization of the traditional institution to strengthen them, rather than returning to the society of pre-revolutionary days.
Also they believed that abolition of feudalism and serfdom and replacing it with a modern army, an efficient bureaucracy and a dynamic economy could strengthen autocratic monarchies of Europe.

Question. Describe any three steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
Answer: The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch.
When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood for this, they emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri-colour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity.
French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:
The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory.

Question. Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe.
Answer: The year following 1815, was the period of revolutionaries. Most of the revolutionaries were committed to oppose monarchical forms and to fight for liberty and freedom
One such prominent revolutionary was “Giuseppe Mazzini”, an Italian revolutionary. Mazzini also saw the creation of nation-states as a necessary part in the struggle for freedom. Ele strongly believed in the unification of Italy as a single unified republic which could be the basis of Italian liberty.
Mazzini’s relentless opposition to monarchy and his vision of a democratic republic frightened the Conservatives. His ideas also influenced the revolutionaries of Germany, France, Switzerland and Poland.

Question. How did nationalism develop through culture in Europe? Explain. OR Describe the role of culture in shaping the feelings of nationalism in Europe from 1830 to the end of 19th century.
Answer: Culture, music, dance and religion played an important role in the growth of nationalism. (i) Culture. Role of culture was important in creating the idea of the nation. Art, poetry, music etc. helped in developing and expressing nationalist feelings. Romanticism was a cultural movement that led to the development of nationalist sentiment. Romantic artists and poets criticized the glorification of reason and science and instead focused on emotions and intuition. (ii) Language. Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and Russian language was imposed everywhere. In 1831, an armed rebellion against Russian rule took place which was ultimately crushed. Following this, many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance.
(iii) Music and Dance. Romantics such as the German philosopher Herder claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people —das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation was popularized.