CBSE Class 6 Science Sorting Materials Into Groups Worksheet Set A

Learning Objectives

1. To learn about materials that are used for making objects
2. To understand grouping and sorting of materials
3. To learn about classification and its importance
4. To understand different properties of materials such as appearance, roughness ,hardness, solubility, transparency ,flotation ,magnetic and conduction property.

We have a number of objects around us like trees, toys, paper, table, chair etc. Some of these objects are living and some are non living. Non living objects can be man–made or natural. Objects around us may have different size,shapes, colours and uses. All objects around us are made up of one or more type of materials such as paper, glass, plastic, cloth,wood, metal, mud, soil, cotton, etc.
An object can be made from different materials. For example, chair can be made from wood or plastic.
Different objects can be made from the same material. For example window panes and fish bowl are made from same material, glass.
Several objects are made up of combination of several materials. For example mango shake is made up of mango, milk, sugar etc.
Different materials have different properties. Many objects differing in usage can be made from the same material. There are so many ways to group objects.
Placing similar things together is called grouping. For example in supermarket grouping is done by keeping similar items on same shelf, which make it easier for us to find the item we need.

CLASSIFICATION
The process of sorting and grouping objects/things according to some basis is called Classification. It makes the study of objects more easier, simple, systematic and convenient.

PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
Different types of materials have different properties.Some of the important properties of materials are given below :

Appearance
In appearance materials usually look very different from each other. The appearance of wood is different from iron. Similarly appearance of iron is different from copper or aluminum. Some materials when freshly cut appear shiny whereas others have no shine Metals shine in their pure state.This shining property of metal is called metallic lustre.
Some materials having lustre are iron, copper, aluminum, gold, silver, etc.
Materials can be classified on the basis of their luster as lustrous materials ,for example gold,silver etc and non lustrous materials for example wood,plastic, stone etc.
Shining property of gold,copper and silver is used for making jewellery. Some metals often loose their shine when exposed to air and moisture for some time.

Hardness

Hardness: On the basis of hardness materials can be classified as soft or hard. Soft materials are those which can be easily compressed or scratched e.g. cotton, sponge Hard materials are those which are difficult to compress e.g. iron, stone, wood, diamond, etc.
We can identify soft or hard materials by pressing different materials with our hand.Hard materials cannot be compressed easily while soft materials can be easily compressed. Talc ,that is used for making talcum powder is a very soft substance.

Wood and diamond are examples of hard substance.

Roughness
Materials can be rough or soft. If a material has bumps or ridges on its surface which can be felt by touching them ,such materials are said to be rough . For example rocks ,bark of a tree,brick etc are rough materials.Smooth materials do not have bumps.For example window pane,cup,plates, mirror etc.

Solubility
An important property of water is its ability to dissolve many substance in it. Many of the solid ,liquid and gases dissolve in water.

Solubility of solids in water: Some of the solid substances dissolve when placed in a container containing water and stirred. Whereas some remain undissolved.
The solid substances that dissolve in water are called soluble substances e.g. salt, sugar etc.
The solid substances that remain undissolved are called insoluble substances. e.g. sand, saw dust etc.

Solubility of liquids in water : When liquids are mixed with water, Some get completely mixed and known as miscible e.g. vinegar, lemon juice Some do not mix and form a separate layer are known as immiscible substances e.g. mustard oil, coconut oil, kerosene etc.

Do you Know : Animals living in water breathe the oxygen dissolved in water. Water plants use the carbon dioxide dissolved in water for photosynthesis.

Solubility of gases in water: Some gases are soluble in water e.g. hydrogen chloride gas, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia gas etc. Some gases are insoluble in water e.g. nitrogen, hydrogen etc. Water, usually, has small quantities of some gases dissolved in it e.g. oxygen dissolved in water is very important for the survival of animals and plants that live in water. Lemonade and other carbonated drinks are examples of gas dissolving in water as these drinks contain carbon dioxide gas dissolved in water.

Do you Know : Archimedes, a Greek physicist of the third century BC, discovered the principle of flotation known as Archimedes principle. According to the principle, when a body is wholly or partially immersed in a fluid there is an up thrust which is equal to the weight of fluid displaced.

Flotation
Some materials when dropped in water float on its surface e.g. dried leaves, dry wood, feather etc.
Some materials when dropped in water sink in water e.g. stone, iron nail etc.
The concept of flotation or sink can be understand by taking following example.
When a stone is placed in water, the water level rises. In this case, water is said to be displaced (moved somewhere else) by the stone. If the weight of this displaced water is greater than the weight of the stone, the stone will float; otherwise it will sink.
The shape of an object also affects the amount of liquid it would displace. Certain heavy objects are also able to float because of their shape. For example, the shape of a ship allows it to float on water, despite the fact that it is very heavy.

Archimedes, a Greek physicist of the third century BC, discovered the principle of flotation known as Archimedes principle. According to the principle, when a body is wholly or partially immersed in a fluid there is an up thrust which is equal to the weight of fluid displaced.

Transparency
On the basis of transparency the objects can be divided as follows:
Transparent objects are those objects through which things can be seen (i.e. they allow the light to pass through them) e.g. glass, water, air, some plastics etc.
Shopkeeper mostly keep sweets ,biscuits etc. in transparent container so that customer can select item of their choice. Air is transparent that is why we are able to see things around us ,even though air is all around us .Clean water is also transparent.
Opaque objects are those objects through which you are not able to see (i.e. they do not allow the light to pass through them) e.g. metals, cardboard, wood etc.

Translucent materials are those materials through which objects can be seen but not clearly e.g. oiled paper.

SOME OTHER PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
Magnetic Properties
Materials that are attracted to a magnet are called magnetic materials.For example iron and steel are magnetic material. Nickel and cobalt are also attracted towards magnet. Aluminum, gold, wood, plastic etc. are not attracted towards magnet these are called non magnetic materials. Magnetic property of iron is used in doors of almirahs, refrigerators and various electronic devices.

Conduction of Heat
Utensils kept in kitchen are usually made up of metals and their handles are made up of plastic or wood. This is because metals get heated whereas materials such as wood and plastic do not.
Materials that allow heat to flow through them are called good conductors of heat, for example metals whereas those that do not allow heat to flow through them are bad conductors of heat. For example paper, wood, plastic and glass are bad conductor of heat.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question. Which of the following acts as a translucent medium ?
(a) water
(b) alcohol
(c) muddy water
(d) All of these
Answer : C

Question. Which of the following is an example of solubility of gas in water?
(a) Oxygen in air
(b) Oxygen in ocean
(c) Cold drink
(b) Both (b) and (c)
Answer : B

Question. Choose odd from the following.
(a) Clear water
(b) Window pane
(c) Newspaper
(d) Glass container
Answer : C

Question. What is the application of carbon dioxide dissolved in water?
(a) Important for photosynthesis of aquatic plants.
(b) Important for aquatic animals.
(c) Not important as it causes global warming 
(d) Important for growth of fishes.
Answer : A

Question. Mahesh and Rohan got a chance to visit a ship but Mahesh was afraid to go on ship. He said that ship being heavier in weight will sink in the water but Rohan said it will float on water With whom do you agree and why?
(a) Mahesh as ship is heavy in weight.
(b) Rohan as ship is light in weight.
(c) Rohan, because ship floats because of its shape
(d) Mahesh as ship can’t bear weight of the people on it.
Answer : C

Question. Which pair of substance float in water?
(a) Pin, oil drops
(b) Coin, rubber band
(c) Plastic ball, feather
(d) Iron nail, cotton thread
Answer : 

Question. Which of the following is insoluble in water?
(a) Tooth paste
(b) Washing powder
(c) Chalk powder
(d) Baking powder
Answer : C

Question. Washing powder on stirring disappear in water this is due to
(a) Solubility
(b) Transparency
(c) Conduction
(d) Magnetic property
Answer : A

Question. Read the following statements and choose the incorrect statements.
(a) A paper weight is hard. It therefore sinks in water.
(b) Cotton is soft. It can be compressed easily.
(c) Butter paper in transparent. Things can be clearly seen through it.
(d) All are correct.
Answer : C

Question. Which type of material is used to make wind screen of a car?
(a) Transparent
(b) Translucent
(c) Opaque
(d) All of these
Answer : A

Question. Rubber is used in making Wellington boots because it
(a) is water proof
(b) is opaque
(c) floats
(d) is soft
Answer : A

Question. Can we look through the oil spread paper towards the light bulb?
(a) Yes, oil spread paper becomes transparent
(b) No, oil spread paper is opaque
(c) Yes but not clearly as, oil spread paper becomes translucent
(d) Yes, because oil spread paper has hole in it.
Answer : C

Question. Handles of utensils that are made up of metals become hot on cooking. This is due to
(a) Transparency
(b) Conduction
(c) Hardness
(d) Rough surface
Answer : B

Question. Complete the following analogy by choosing the correct option
Lustre : gold : jewellery :: _________ : metals : utensils
(a) magnetic
(b) conduction of heat
(c) opaque
(d) rough
Answer : B

ACTIVITIES: QUESTION-ANSWERS

Question 9- List all items known to you that float on water. Check and see if they will float on an oil or kerosene.
Answer- Sponge, Plastic Bottle, Paper, thermocol and hair etc can float on water. They also float on oil or kerosene.

Question 10. Find the odd one out from the following:
a) Chair, Bed, Table, Baby, Cupboard.
Answer- Baby.
b) Rose, Jasmine, Boat, Marigold, Lotus.
Answer- Boat.
c) Aluminum, Iron, Copper, Silver, Sand.
Answer- Sand.
d) Sugar, Salt, Sand, Copper sulphate.
Answer- Sand.

Four students are standing around a bucket of very hot water. Each student holds one end of a rod. The rods are identical in shape and size, but made of different materials - aluminium, plastic, wood and rubber. The students place the other end of the rod at the same time in the hot water. The student who will feel the heat first will be the one holding
(a) the aluminium rod
(b) the plastic rod
(c) the wooden rod
(d) the rubber rod

Answer : A

Which of the above are ANIMALS?

(a) only the tiger
(b) the tiger and pigeon
(c) the tiger, grasshopper and pigeon
(d) all five of them

Answer : C

The concept that matches the definition 'the amount of matter in a substance' is _________.
(a) weight
(b) mass
(c) kilogram
(d) gravitational force

Answer : B

Which is the smallest particle of sugar that still has all the properties of sugar?
(a) Atom
(b) Molecule
(c) Isotope
(d) Electron

Answer : B

Which surface is LEAST likely to absorb rain water?
(a) A tar road
(b) A grass meadow
(c) A cricket field
(d) Clayey soil

Answer : A

Which one of these need energy to work?
1. Mobile Phones
2. Cars
3. Watches
(a) Only 2
(b) Only 1 and 2
(c) Only 1 and 3
(d) 1,2, and 3

Answer : D

Which of these suggests that oil and water do not mix?
(a) Oil is used for frying while water is not.
(b) Oil burns while water does not.
(c) Oil is sticky and black, while water is clear and wet.
(d) Oil floats in a separate layer on top of water.

Answer : D

The freezing points of some oils are given in the table: If Surat had a maximum temperature of 29 °C and a minimum temperature of 14 °C on one day, which of these oils would have been solid for part of the day and liquid for another part in Surat that day?

(a) Corn oil
(b) Coconut oil
(c) Sunflower oil
(d) Peanut oil

Answer : B

Which of these statements holds true for all liquids?
(a) Liquids have a shape of their own.
(b) The molecules of a liquid are packed less tightly than the molecules of a solid.
(c) When cooled, liquids become gases.
(d) The volume of a liquid changes when it is poured into a different vessel.

Answer : B

The simplest way of separating visible solid impurities that do not dissolve in water from water is
(a) by using a sieve.
(b) by using a magnet.
(c) by chlorination.
(d) by stirring.

Answer : A

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?
(a) There is no difference - they are exactly the same.
(b) Evaporation, unlike boiling, occurs at all temperatures.
(c) In evaporation, unlike in boiling, there is no state change.
(d) In boiling, unlike in evaporation, the liquid volume reduces.

Answer : B

Bacteria in drinking water cause a number of diseases. Which of the following methods kills most of the bacteria in drinking water?
(a) Refrigeration
(b) Churning
(c) Boiling
(d) Sedimentation

Answer : C

When filtered through a funnel into a flask, a mixture of substances X, Y and Z get separated as below:- X stays in the filter Y and Z filter through and collect in the flask .What could X, Y and Z be?

(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D

Answer : C

Dishonest traders sometimes mix adulterants (for example, small stones in rice, water in milk, chalk powder in flour) to the food stuffs they sell. Which of these properties would the adulterant always have?
(a) It must look exactly the same as the food stuff.
(b) It must taste exactly the same as the food stuff.
(c) It must be cheaper compared to the food stuff.
(d) It must be a naturally-occurring substance.

Answer : C

Vegetable oil (which is golden coloured) floats on water. Spirit (which is colourless) floats on vegetable oil. Ramu took some water and coloured it blue by adding a few drops of ink. He then added some vegetable oil followed by spirit very carefully so that the three layers stayed separate. What will Ramu's container look like?

Answer : D

Match the Column

DIRECTION : Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the columns.

Question.
Column-I (Objects)            Column-II (Materials)
A. Shoes                                    (p) Paper
B. Chair                                     (q) Glass
C. Tumbler                                 (r) Wood
D. Book                                     (s) Leather
(a) A → (r); B → (q); C → (s); D → (p)
(b) A → (s); B → (r); C → (q); D → (p)
(c) A → (r); B → (q); C → (p); D → (s)
(d) A → (p); B → (q); C → (r); D → (s)
Answer : B

Question.
Column-I (Objects)          Column-II (Property)
A. Coconut oil                        (p) Float on surface of water
B. Vinegar                             (q) Sink in water
C. Dry leaves                         (r) Miscible in water
D. Glass marbles                   (s) Immiscible in water
(a) A → (s); B → (r); C → (p); D → (q)
(b) A → (r); B → (q); C → (s); D → (p)
(c) A → (q); B → (r); C → (p); D → (s)
(d) A → (p); B → (q); C → (r); D → (s)
Answer : A

DIRECTIONS : Read the passage(s) given below and answer the questions that follow.

Passage 1
If we look around ourselves we find that objects around us are made of different materials.
Some objects are made of a single materials.
An object some times is made of many materials.
We also find that sometimes the same material is used to make many different objects.

Question. Utensil are made up of
(a) metal only
(b) plastic only
(c) glass only
(d) either metal, plastic or glass
Answer : D

Question. Wood is the material that is used to make
(a) chair
(b) table
(c) bullock cart
(d) All of these
Answer : D

Question. Which of the following materials is used to make handle of utensil?
(a) Metal
(b) Plastic
(c) Glass
(d) All of these
Answer : B

Passage 2
We know that materials differ in some of their properties and they may also be similar in some of their properties.
Materials can be grouped on the basis of similarities or differences in their properties.

Question. Why we group materials in every day life?
(a) We consider it essential
(b) We group them for our convenience
(c) We group them as it is interesting
(d) None of the above is correct
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following materials can be placed into same group?
(a) Books, shirt, table, newspaper
(b) Books, note books, newspaper, calendar
(c) Shirt, shoes, hankerchief, plate
(d) All of these
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following items, can be grouped as edible?
(a) Refined oils
(b) Kerosene oil
(c) Beauty soaps
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Passage 3
A list of objects is given as following :
On the basis of this list of objects answer the following questions.
A chair, A bullock cart, a cycle, a shirt, a rubber ball, a football, a glass marble, an apple, and orange.

Question. The number of round objects in the list are
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 5
(d) 7
Answer : C

Question. The number of articles made of wood are
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 5
Answer : B

Question. The number of eatable articles are
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer : B

Passage 4
Manish has a box in which he has following objects plastic bottle, tin cans, iron nails, paper boats, dry leaves, teddy bear, aluminium cans, cushion, pillow.
Manish wants to group these things on the basis of their properties. Help him in grouping these things by answering these questions.

Question. Name of things that can be grouped on the basis of their magnetic property are:
(a) Tin cans, iron nails
(b) Tin cans, iron nails, Aluminium can
(c) Aluminium cans, iron nails, plastic bottle
(d) Aluminium cans, iron nails.
Answer : A

Question. Name of the things that can be grouped on the basis of softness are:
(a) Teddy bear, plastic bottle, pillow, cushion
(b) Pillow, paper boat, dry leaves, teddy bear
(c) Dry leaves, plastic bottle, cushion, teddy bear
(d) Teddy bear, pillow, cushion
Answer : D

Question. Plastic bottle, paper boat and dry leaves are grouped together due to ___________.
(a) Hardness
(b) Solubility
(c) Floatation
(d) Conduction of heat
Answer : C

Assertion/ Reason Based Questions

DIRECTIONS : The questions in this segment consists of two statements, one labelled as “Assertion A” and the other labelled as “Reason R”. You have to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the Assertion A and Reason R are individually true and if so, whether the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion. Select your answers to these items using codes given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question. Assertion (A) : If we add some ammonium chloride (a solid) to a glass of water and stir it for some time, we find that solid disappears.
Reason (R) : Ammonium chloride is soluble in water.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : The materials which can be compressed or scratched easily are called soft.
Reason (R) : Iron is a hard material.
Answer : B

Question. Assertion (A) : Wood is a good conductor of heat.
Reason (R) : Substances which do not allow heat to pass through them are called poor conductors of heat.
Answer : D

Statement Based Questions

DIRECTIONS : Read the following two statements carefully and choose the correct options.
(a) Statement (i) is correct while statement (ii) is incorrect.
(b) Statement (i) is incorrect while statement (ii) is correct.
(c) Both option are correct
(d) Both option are incorrect.

Question. (i) Glass, water and air are all transparent materials.
(ii) Saw dust is soluble in water.
Answer : A

Question. (i) Vinegar forms a separate layer when mixed with water.
(ii) Chalk that we use to write on black board dissolves in water and is soluble substance.
Answer : D

Figure Based Questions

Question. What material should be used to make the bottle opener?
(a) Rubber
(b) Metal
(c) Fabric
(d) All of these
Answer : B

Question. The beakers shown contain equal amounts of water and another material. Which list shows the solubility of the different materials in the beakers, from most to least soluble?
(a) Salt, Sand, Chalk powder
(b) Salt, Chalk powder, Sand
(c) Sand, Salt, Chalk powder
(d) Chalk powder, Salt, Sand
Answer : B