CBSE Class 6 Science Motion And Measurement Of Distances Worksheet Set C

Multiple Choice Questions

Question. Which of the following are measurements of motion?
(a) Distance and Displacement
(b) Distance and speed
(c) Displacement and velocity
(d) Speed and velocity
Answer : D

Question. Velocity of object changes, if
(a) its speed changes
(b) its direction changes
(c) either (a) or (b)
(d) none of these
Answer : C

Question. A change in position of an object when compared to non-moving object is called
(a) rest
(b) motion
(c) distance
(d) reference point
Answer : B

Question. The displacement of a body is zero, then the distance covered
(a) is zero
(b) is not zero
(c) may or may not be zero
(d) cannot say
Answer : B

Question. A tortoise and a hare compete in a race over a course 2.00 km long. The tortoise crawls straight and steadily at its maximum speed of 0.200 ms^–1 towards the finish line. The hare runs at its maximum speed of 1.6 ms^–1 towards the goal for 1.6 km and then stops to tease the tortoise.
The time taken by tortoise to reach the finish line is.
(a) 4 × 10⁴ sec
(b) 10⁴ sec
(c) 10³ sec
(d) 4 × 10³ sec
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following is an example of nonuniform motion?
(a) The movement of an ice-skater taking part in a contest
(b) The movement of watch hands
(c) The movement of a gas molecule between collisions
(d) The movement of the earth about its axis.
Answer : A

Question. When a screw is turned, its motion is
(a) rotatory and circular
(b) translatory and curvilinear
(c) translatory and periodic
(d) rotatory and translatory
Answer : D

Question. Which among the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) Rest and motion are relative terms
(b) In rectilinear motion, the body moves in a straight line 
(c) The to-and-fro movement of the pendulum is an example of oscillatory motion
(d) All of these
Answer : D

Question. Which of the following objects having more than one type of motion?
(a) A swinging pendulum of a wall clock
(b) A train approaching towards a station
(c) A race car speeding on a race track
(d) The earth revolving around the sun
Answer : A

Question. A wheel rolling on the surface has
(a) a circular as well as rotatory motion
(b) a periodic as well as oscillatory motion
(c) a rotatory as well as translatory motion
(d) a rectilinear as well as rotatory motion
Answer : C

Question. We generally use a drilling machine to make a hole in a block of wood. The motion of drilling machine can be classified as
(a) rotatory motion
(b) circular motion
(c) rectilinear motion
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question. Which of the following is correct?
A boy sitting in a moving train is
(a) at rest w.r.t his fellow passengers
(b) in motion w.r.t houses parallel to the railway track
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer : C

Question. The distance covered by a body during a 10 minutes interval was noted after every minute to be as follows

The motion of the body will be uniform
(a) from 1 to 4 minute
(b) from 5 to 10 minute
(c) in both the above intervals
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question. A car starting from rest acquires a velocity of 54 kmh^–1 in 20 seconds. What is its acceleration?
(a) 2.7 m/s²
(b) 1.08 m/s²
(c) 1 m/s²
(d) 0.75 m/s²
Answer : D

Question. If an object changes its position with passage of time but its various positions are always found to lie along a straight line. The object is
(a) said to be at rest
(b) said to be in rectilinear motion
(c) said to be in circular motion
(d) said to be in periodic motion
Answer : B

Question. Select the one that is different from the others
(a) Motion of a child on a swing
(b) Motion of pendulum of clock
(c) Motion of strings of guitar being played
(d) None of these
Answer : D

Question. In a circular motion
(a) the direction of motion remains fixed
(b) there is a continuous change in direction of motion
(c) there is a continuous change in the distance of the moving object from the fixed point
(d) None of the above is correct
Answer : B

Question. Motion of wheel of a sewing machine is a
(a) Circular motion
(b) Rectilinear motion
(c) Rotatory motion
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question. Arrange, quintal, milligram, gram and tonne in increasing order.
(a) gram < milligram < quintal < tonne
(b) milligram < gram < quintal < tonne
(c) milligram < gram < tonne < quintal
(d) quintal < tonne < gram < milligram
Answer : B

Question. The displacement of an object is
(a) always greater than the distance travelled by the object.
(b) always equal to the distance travelled by the object
(c) always less than the distance travelled by the object.
(d) either less or equal to the distance travelled by the object.
Answer : D

Question. An athelete completes one round of a circular track in 30s, his velocity will be (1 complete round of a circular track = 150 m)
(a) 50 m/s
(b) 180 m/s
(c) 5 m/s
(d) zero
Answer : D

Question. Which of the following is incorrect?
(a) Speed < Velocity
(b) Speed > Velocity
(c) Speed = Velocity
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer : A

Question. We know that earth rotates around the sun and is always in motion. However we find that our class-room is not in motion. Why?
(a) The class room is stationary
(b) The class room is at rest because there is no change in its position, with respect to  its surroundings, with passage of time.
(c) Both the above
(d) None of the above
Answer : B

Question. An object has moved from one position to another position then
(a) its distance is zero
(b) its displacement is zero
(c) neither its distance nor displacement is zero
(d) none of these
Answer : C

Question. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) speed and velocity are same when objects perform curvilinear motion.
(b) speed and velocity are same when objects perform rectilinear motion.
(c) speed and velocity are same when objects perform circular motion.
(d) none of these
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following is a combination of different types of motion?
(a) Motion of an ant
(b) Motion of wheel of sewing machine
(c) Motion of ball on ground
(d) None of these
Answer : C

Question. An ant moves as shown in the diagram. Which of the following can be used to determine the distance covered by that ant?

(a) A 15 cm scale and a meter scale
(b) A meter scale
(c) Hand span and a meter scale
(d) Thread and a meter scale
Answer : D

Match the Column

DIRECTION : Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the columns.

Question.
                 Column I                                          Column II
A. A wheel rolling on the surface                p. Non-uniform motion
B. A ball falling vertically downwards          q. Rectilinear motion
C. The motion of watch hands                    r. Translatory as well as rotatory motion
D. The motion of a train when                    s. Uniform motion approaches towards a station
(a) A → (q); B → (p); C → (r); D → (s)
(b) A → (r); B → (q); C → (s); D → (p)
(c) A → (p); B → (r); C → (s); D → (q)
(d) A → (s); B → (q); C → (p); D → (r)
Answer : B

Question.
               Column I                                                   Column II
A. The rate of change of velocity                         p. Measurement
B. The quantity of matter contained in                 q. Acceleration a body
C. The comparison of an unknown quantity         r. Mass with a known standard quantity
D. The space occupied by an object                    s. Volume
(a) A → (q); B → (r); C → (p); D → (s)
(b) A → (r); B → (p); C → (q); D → (s)
(c) A → (p); B → (r); C → (s); D → (q)
(d) A → (s); B → (q); C → (p); D → (r)
Answer : A

Question.
     Column I                                                      Column II
A. Speed                                      p. Change in position w.r.t surroundings and time
B. Velocity                                    q. Displacement per unit time
C. Acceleration due to gravity       r. Distance per unit time
D. Motion                                     s. 9.8 ms^–2
(a) A → (q); B → (p); C → (r); D → (s)
(b) A → (r); B → (p); C → (q); D → (s)
(c) A → (r); B → (q); C → (s); D → (p)
(d) A → (s); B → (q); C → (p); D → (r)
Answer : C

Question.
      Column I                Column II
A. 1 angstrom                p. 1000 years
B. 1 light year                q. 9.46 × 10¹⁵ metre
C. 1 Kilometre                r. 10^–10 metre
D. 1 millennium             s. 10^–3 metre
(a) A → (q); B → (p); C → (r); D → (s)
(b) A → (r); B → (p); C → (q); D → (s)
(c) A → (p); B → (r); C → (s); D → (q)
(d) A → (r); B → (q); C → (s); D → (p)
Answer : D

Question.
                   Column-I                                       Column-II
(A) Rotation of hands of clock                      (p) Rectilinear motion
(B) Motion of car on a straight road             (q) Circular motion
(C) Motion of child on a swing                      (r) Periodic motion
(D) Combination of different motions           (s) Motion of ball on ground.
(a) A → (q); B → (p); C → (r); D → (s)
(b) A → (r); B → (p); C → (q); D → (s)
(c) A → (p); B → (r); C → (s); D → (q)
(d) A → (s); B → (q); C → (p); D → (r)
Answer : A

Passage Based Questions

DIRECTIONS (Qs.33-35 ): Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.

Passage
Observe a tailor working on a sewing machine.
The sewing machine remains at the same location while its wheel moves with a circular motion.
It also has a needle that moves up and down continuously, as long as wheel rotates.

Question. Select the one that remains at rest when you were making the above observation.
(a) Tailor
(b) Sewing machine
(c) Both tailor and sewing machine
(d) None of the above is correct
Answer : C

Question. In this observation the circular motion was observed in
(a) Wheel of machine
(b) Needle of machine
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above is correct
Answer : A

Question. The up and down motion of the needle of sewing machine can be classified as
(a) rotatory motion
(b) circular motion
(c) periodic motion
(d) None of these
Answer : C

Assertion/ Reason Based Questions

DIRECTIONS : The questions in this segment consists of two statements, one labelled as “Assertion A” and the other labelled as “Reason R”. You are to
examine these two statements carefully and decide if the Assertion A and Reason R are individually true and if so, whether the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion. Select your answers to these items using codes given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question. Assertion (A) : If an object travels in such a way that it comes back to the starting position, then the displacement is zero but, the distance travelled is not zero.
Reason (R) : The displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final position of the body whereas, distance is the actual path length covered by an object.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : While measuring the length, the eye of the observer should be exactly above that point of measurement to avoid the parallax error.
Reason (R) : The scale used to measure the length of the object must be greater than the length of the object.
Answer : C

Question. Assertion (A) : Motion of moon around the earth is a circular motion.
Reason (R) : In a circular motion, the distance of object from a fixed point remains the same.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : The motion of a ball rolling on the ground is nothing but a rectilinear motion.
Reason (R) : The motion of ball rolling on the ground is a combination of different types of motion.
Answer : D

Statement Based Questions

DIRECTIONS : Read the following three statements carefully and choose the correct option.
(a) Statement (1) and (3) are incorrect while statement (2) is correct.
(b) Statement (1) and (2) are incorrect while (3) is correct.
(c) All the statements are correct.
(d) All the statements are incorrect.

Question. Statement-1 : Quantity which can be measured is called physical quantity.
Statement-2 : Measurement is the comparison of unknown quantity with a known standard quantity of same kind.
Statement-3 : A standard unit is a standard measure of some definite quantity.
Answer : C

Question. Statement-1 : A wheel rolling on the surface has a rotatory as well as oscillatory motion.
Statement-2 : The earth going around the sun has a circular as well as translatory motion.
Statement-3 : The swinging pendulum of a wall clock performs both oscillatory and periodic motion.
Answer : B

Figure Based Questions

Question. Sumit from his home (A) reaches his friend Abhishek’s home (C) via Ananya’s home (B) as shown in the figure. Then the displacement and distance travelled by Sumit are respectively

(a) AB and AC + BC
(b) AC and AB + BC
(c) BC and AB + AC
(d) AC and AC + BC
Answer : B

Question. Look at the things shown below. Observe the motion of pendulum of clock, strings of guitar, the gong of bell, the surface of tabla. Motions of all of these can be classified as

(a) rotational motion
(b) circular motion
(c) periodic motion
(d) All of these
Answer : C

Class-VI

L-10

Motion and Meaurement of Distances

1. Match the following __

Coloumn A                        Coloumn B

1) Length                           a) 1000m

2) 1 Km                             b) 10m

3) Time                              c) meter

4) 1 m                               d) 100m

5) 1 cm                             e) sec

2. MCQ - Tick ( ) the correct option _

I Which unit of length will you use to express the distance between New Delhi and Agra.

a) m   b) Km

c) cm   d) dm

II 6.2 Km is equal to

a) 6200 cm   b) 620 cm

c) 62 m   d) 620000 cm

III 1.45 m is equal to

a) 145 mm   b) 14500 mm

c) 1450 mm   d) 145000 mm.

IV Which measuring device will you use to measure the width of a tree?

a) Divider   b) Ruler

c) Measuring tape   d) All the above

3. Write types of Motion ?

1 ...............................

2 ....................................

3 ....................................

4. Give 2 examples of rectilinear motion (straight line)?

5. Give 2 examples of periodic motion ?

Q1. What is a unit? Why do we need standard units?

Q2. What is the standard unit of length?

Q3. Name the various units of measurement used in ancient times.

Q4. Why are hand span and cubit not used as standard units?

Q5. Convert:
1. 142cm = _____________ mm.
2. 5.4 km = _____________ m.
3. 7.5 m = _____________ cm.

Q6. Name the suitable measuring device you would choose to measure :
1. the size of your chest.
2. the length of a piece of cloth.
3. the length of a line segment.
4. the girth of a tree.

Q7.Mention the various precautions that you must keep in mind while taking measurements of the length of a object.

Q8. While measuring the length of a match box, the reading at one end is 1.0cm and at the other end is 4.3cm. What is the actual length of the match box?

Q9. Describe how you would measure the length of a curved line using a thread.

Q10. Define with examples:
a) Motion
b) Rectilinear motion
c) Circular motion
d) Periodic motion
e) Rolling motion.

Q11. Identify the types of motion in the following examples:
1. Heartbeat
2.Motion of a drawer of a table
3. Potter’s wheel
4. Motion of a drill machine
5. Wheels of a moving car
6. A boy sliding down a slope
7. An apple falling from a tree
8. Needle of a sewing machine

Learning Objectives
1. Introduction
2. Rest and motion
3. Types of motion
4. Objects having more than one type of motion
5. Uniform and Non-uniform motion
6. Important parameters of motion
— Distance
— Displacement
— Speed
— Velocity
— Acceleration
7. Measurement and its need
8. Standard unit of measurement
9. Multiples and sub multiples of units
10. Measurement of length
11. Measurement of Volume
12. Measurement of mass

INTRODUCTION
We observe in our daily life various moving objects like cars, buses, water flowing down etc. We also often talk of how fast or slow, an object is moving by comparing the distances travelled by the objects in a given time interval. In this chapter we shall learn to describe moving objects and measure various physical quantities.

REST AND MOTION
If the position of an object does not change with time with respect to its surroundings, it is said to be at rest. For e.g., a box lying on the table, a baby lying in his cot, a PC lying on the table etc. If the position of an object changes with time relative to its surroundings, it is said to be in motion. A bird flying in the air, and a ball rolling on the ground are a few examples of objects in motion.

Rest and Motion are Relative Terms
The same object can be at rest or in motion at a time. A person sitting in a moving train is at rest with respect to the other passengers in the train but he is in motion w.r.t. a man standing on the ground.

TYPES OF MOTION

(1) Rectilinear motion: Motion along a straight line is called rectilinear motion. The motion of a train along a straight track and a ball falling vertically downwards are examples of rectilinear motion.

(2) Translatory motion: When a body moves as a whole such that every point on it moves through the same distance per unit time, it is said to be in translatory motion. For e.g., a ball rolling down in an inclined plane is in translatory motion.

(3) Curvilinear motion: Motion of a body along a curved path is called curvilinear motion. For e.g., A racing car speeding on a race track, throwing of javelion etc.

(4) Circular motion: Motion of a body in a circular path is called circular motion. The body moves such that its distance from the centre of the circular path remains same. For e.g., revolution of earth around the sun, a car following a round about etc.

(5) Rotatory motion: If a body moves in a round path without changing its position from one point to another, then its motion is called rotatory motion. For e.g., a spinning top, rotation of earth etc.

(6) Periodic motion: The motion which repeats itself after a fixed interval of time is called periodic motion. The revolution of moon around the earth and oscillations of a pendulum are examples of periodic motion.

(7) Oscillatory / Vibratory motion: The to and fro motion of an object about a mean position is known as oscillatory or vibratory motion. Motion of a swing, movement of pendulum of a clock are examples of oscillatory motion.

Do You Know : Every oscillatory motion is periodic but every periodic motion is not oscillatory  

OBJECTS HAVING MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF MOTION
1. A wheel rolling on the surface has a rotatory as well as translatory motion.
2. The swinging pendulum of a wall clock performs both oscillatory and periodic motion.
3. The earth going around the sun has a circular as well as rotatory motion.

UNIFORM AND NON-UNIFORM MOTION
Uniform motion : An object is said to have uniform motion if it travels equal distances in equal intervals of time 

Do You Know : Uniform and non- uniform motion can be rect ilinear or circular

IMPORTANT PARAMETERS OF MOTION

Distance
The actual length of the path covered by an object is called distance. Its S.I unit is metre (m).

Displacement
The shortest distance between the initial and final position of a body is called displacement. Its S.I. unit is metre (m)
If a body reaches from position A to B via C then the distance travelled by the object = AC + CB
Distance travelled
= AC + AB
And displacement = AB

Acceleration due to gravity: When a body falls freely under the effect of gravity of earth, then its acceleration is called acceleration due to gravity. It is denoted by ‘g’. The value of g on earth is taken to be 9.8 m/s^2.
g = 9.8 m/s2 for a body falling vertically downwards.
g = –9.8 m/s2 for a body rising vertically upward.

MEASUREMENT AND ITS NEED
To buy a piece of cloth, to buy vegetables, to know the amount of sugar to be added to a cup of coffee, we need measurements. A quantity which can be measured is known as Physical quantity.

Measurement is the comparison of unknown physical quantity with a known standard quantity of same kind.
The result of measurement is expressed as the numerical value ‘n’ and the unit ‘u’.
i.e.        Q= nu
For e.g., length of a cloth is expressed as L = 2m. The numerical value tells that how many times a standard quantity is contained in a given physical quantity.

STANDARD UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
A standard unit is a standard measure of some definite and suitable quantity which remains the same at all times and all places.
The system of units which is internationally accepted for measurement is abbreviated as SI (International system) units. The SI system was developed by General conference on weight and measures in 1960 for international usage.

Physical Quantity       S.I. unit           Symbol
Length                          metre                   m
Mass                            kilogram               kg
Time                            second                  s
Temperature                Kelvin                   K
Electric current            Ampere                 A

Note : Mass, length, time temperature and electric current are known as fundamental quantities as they are independent and need not be derived from other quantities. And their units are known as fundamental units.

MULTIPLES AND SUBMULTIPLES OF UNITS
• Length: (Distance between two points)
1 decametre (dam) = 10 m
1 hectometre (hm) = 100 m
1 kilometre (km) = 1000 m
1 decimetre (dm) = 10^–1 m
1 centimetre (cm) = 10^–2 m
1 millimetre (mm) = 10^–3 m
1 micrometre (mm) = 10^–6 m
1 Angstrom (Å) = 10^–10 m

• Mass: (Total matter present in a body)
1 Quintal (qt) = 100 kg
1 Tonne (t) = 1000 kg
1 Decagram (dag) = 10^–2 kg
1 gram (g) = 10^–3 kg
1 milligram (mg) = 10^–6 kg

• Time: (Interval between two events)
1 minute = 60 seconds
1 hour = 60 minutes
1 day = 24 hours
1 year = 365(1/4)days
1 century = 100 years
1 millennium = 1000 years
1 mean solar day = 24 hours
= 24 × 60 min
= 1440 × 60 seconds
= 86400 seconds

• Temperature: (Hotness or coldness of a body)
The units of temperature are Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), Kelvin (K)
To convert °C to °F or vice-versa, the following relation is used :
C/5 = F- 32 / 9
And to convert °C into Kelvin (K)
K = °C + 273

MEASUREMENT OF LENGTH
Length is defined as the distance between any two points.
The S.I. unit of length is metre.
Smaller lengths are measured in centimetre (cm) or millimetre (mm). Larger lengths like distance between two cities is measured in kilometres (km).
Very large distances like distance between stars or distance between sun and earth are measured in Light years (ly).
One light year is the distance travelled by light in vacuum in one year.
1 ly = 9.46´1015m
Instruments Used for Measuring Length
Most commonly used instruments for measuring lengths are metre scale, measuring tape and metre rod.
For measuring the length, breadth or height of a cuboidal box metre scale can be used.
Metre rod is usually used by the cloth merchant to measure the length of a piece of cloth.
Tailor use a tape to take the measurements of different parts of body of a person.
For correct measurement, zero (0) mark of the scale must coincide with the one edge of the object whose length is to be measured.

MEASUREMENT OF VOLUME
Volume is the space occupied by an object. An object of regular shape like cube or cuboid will have length (l), breadth (b) and height (h). Therefore volume can be measured by determining the length of each side and using the formula, volume = l × b × h
Volume of an irregular object can be determined by immensing it in water. The volume of water displaced by the irregular object can be measured with the help of a measuring cylinder. Thereby using the principle that volume of object immersed is equal to the volume of water displaced by the object, volume of irregular object can be determined.
Note : Accuracy of physical balance is not affected by gravity.

MEASUREMENT OF MASS
Mass is the quantity of matter contained in a body. The S.I. unit of mass is kilogram (kg).
Mass is measured by a beam balance or a physical balance.
Physical balance measures the mass of a body by comparing it with a known standard mass. Both arms of the physical balance are of equal length. So using the principle of moments, in equilibrium masses in both the pans of the balance should be equal. Hence with the help of a known mass in one pan, mass of an object in the other pan can be determined
Do You Know : Kilogram is defined as the mass of a specific platinum- iridium alloy cylinder kept at the international Bureau of weights and measures at Sevres France