CBSE Class 12 Biology Biodiversity And Conservation Worksheet Set B

BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

1 What does the term ‘Frugivorous’ mean?

2 What is the expanded form of IUCN? 

3 How is the presently occurring species extinction different from the earlier mass extinctions? 

4 A species-area curve is drawn by plotting the number of species against the area. How is it that when a very large area is considered the slope is steeper than that for smaller areas?

5 Why are the conventional methods not suitable for the assessment of biodiversity of bacteria? 

6 What is co-extinction? Explain with a suitable example? 

Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Biology Biodiversity and Conservation

Question. Term "biodiversity" was popularised by-
(a) Edward Wilson
(b) Humboldt
(c) Tilman
(d) Paul Ehrlich

Answer : A

Question. According to IUCN (2004), how many plant and animal species have been described so far -
(a) <1.5 billion
(b) >1.5 million
(c) 7.1 million
(d) 7.1 billion

Answer : B

Question. When large habitats are broken up in to small fragments due to human activities, which of the following get badly affected -
(a) Mammals and birds requiring large territories
(b) Animals with migratory habitats
(c) Animals with large bodysize
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer : D

Question. Which method is thought to be best for estimation of mirobial biodiversity -
(a) Bio statistical method
(b) Bio chemical or molecular method
(c) Paleobotanical method
(d) Culture method

Answer : B

Question. What is the contribution of India in global species diversity -
(a) 2.4 %
(b) 12 %
(c) 8.1 %
(d) 7.1 %

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following is not the reason of great biodiversity in tropics ?
(a) Undisturbed climate for millions of years
(b) Less seasonal variations
(c) More nutritive soil
(d) More solar energy

Answer : C

Question. Find out the wrong match -
(a) Bioshpere reserves - 14
(b) National parks - 85
(c) Wild life sanctuaries - 448
(d) Indian Biodiversity hot spot - 3

Answer : B

Question. 'Sacred groves is also one of the important mean of Biodiversity conservation. In respect of this find out the odd one -
(a) Khasi and Jaintia - Meghalaya
(b) Aravalli hills - Rajasthan
(c) Sarguja, Chanda and Bastar - Mizoram
(d) Western Ghat - Maharashtra

Answer : C

Ques. Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity ?
(a) Sacred grove
(b) Biosphere reserve
(c) Wildlife sanctuary
(d) Botanical garden

Answer: D

Ques. Western Ghats have a large number of plant and animal species that are not found anywhere else. Which of the following terms will you use to notify such species?
(a) Endemic
(b) Vulnerable
(c) Threatened
(d) Keystone

Answer: A

Ques. All of the following are included in ‘ex-situ conservation’ except
(a) wildlife safari parks
(b) sacred groves
(c) botanical gardens
(d) seed banks.

Answer: B

Ques. Which one of the following is related to ex-situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?
(a) Biodiversity hotspots
(b) Amazon rainforest
(c) Himalayan region
(d) Wildlife safari parks 

Answer: D

Ques. The region of biosphere reserve which is legally protected and where no human activity is allowed is known as
(a) buffer zone
(b) transition zone
(c) restoration zone
(d) core zone.

Answer: D

Ques. How many hotspots of biodiversity in the world have been identified till date by Norman Myers?
(a) 17
(b) 25
(c) 34
(d) 43 

Answer: C

Ques. Which of the following national parks is home to the famous musk deer or hangul?
(a) Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur
(b) Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh
(c) Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir

Answer: D

Ques. The species confined to a particular region and not found elsewhere is termed as
(a) endemic
(b) rare
(c) keystone
(d) alien. 

Answer: A

Ques. In which of the following, both pairs have correct combination?
(a) In-situ conservation : Seed Bank
Ex-situ conservation : National Park
(b) In-situ conservation : Tissue culture
Ex-situ conservation : Sacred groves
(c) In-situ conservation : National Park
Ex-situ conservation : Botanical Garden
(d) In-situ conservation : Cryopreservation
Ex-situ conservation : Wildlife Sanctuary

Answer: C

Ques. Cryopreservation of gametes of threatened species in viable and fertile condition can be referred to as
(a) in situ conservation by sacred groves
(b) in situ cryo-conservation of biodiversity
(c) in situ conservation of biodiversity
(d) advanced ex situ conservation of biodiversity.

Answer: D

Ques. An example of ex-situ conservation is
(a) national park
(b) seed bank
(c) wildlife sanctuary
(d) sacred grove. 

Answer: B

Ques. Which one of the following is not used for ex-situ plant conservation?
(a) Shifting cultivation
(b) Botanical gardens
(c) Field gene banks
(d) Seed banks

Answer: A

Ques. The largest tiger reserve in India is
(a) Valmiki
(b) Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam
(c) Periyar
(d) Nagarhole. 

Answer: B

Ques. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hotspot of biodiversity?
(a) Eastern Ghats
(b) Gangetic Plain
(c) Sunderbans
(d) Western Ghats 

Answer: D

Ques. Select the correct statement about biodiversity.
(a) The desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal species as well as numerous rare animals.
(b) Large scale planting of Bt cotton has no adverse effect on biodiversity.
(c) Western ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism.
(d) Conservation of biodiversity is just a fad pursued by the developed countries.

Answer: C

Ques. Sacred groves are specially useful in
(a) generating environmental awareness
(b) preventing soil erosion
(c) year-round flow of water in rivers
(d) conserving rare and threatened species.

Answer: D

Case-based MCQs

I. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same :

India is divided into 10 biogeographical regions.
Varying physical conditions and species grouping.
India has rich species diversity. Tropics are rich centre of biodiversity. Warm temperature, high humidity in tropical areas provide favourable conditions throughout the years. Rich diversity is important for stability, productivity for ecosystems.

Question. Which among the following represents diversity at ecosystem level ?
(A) Genetic diversity
(B) Ecological diversity
(C) Species diversity
(D) Species evenness
Answer : B

Question. Which of the following taxon shows maximum species diversity ?
(A) Fishes
(B) Beetles
(C) Orchids
(D) Ants.
Answer : B

Question. What is the approximate ratio of animals and plant species in our country ?
(A) 3 : 1
(B) 2 : 1
(C) 1 : 3
(D) 1 : 2
Answer : B

Question. Which group represents minimum species diversity among vertebrates ?
(A) Birds
(B) Mammals
(C) Reptiles
(D) Amphibians
Answer : D

Directions : In the following questions a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Question. Assertion (A) : Tropics have more biodiversity.
Reason (R) : Climate of tropical region is more seasonal.
Answer : C

Very Short Answer Questions

Question. What is the expanded form of IUCN? 
Answer. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

Question. Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:
(i) 50,000 different strains of rice in India
(ii) Estuaries and alpine meadows in India. 
Answer. (i) Genetic diversity
(ii) Ecological diversity

Question. Write the importance of cryopreservation in conservation of biodiversity. 
Answer. By cryopreservation, the reproductive parts of rare species can be preserved.

Question. Name the unlabelled areas ‘a’ and ‘b’ of the pie chart representing biodiversity of vertebrates showing the proportionate number of species of major taxa

Answer. a → Fishes;
b → AmphibiAnswer.

Question. Name the alien fish species which is posing a threat to the indigenous catfishes in our rivers.
Answer. Clarias gariepinus (African catfish)

Question. What is mass extinction?
Answer. Due to natural calamities like volcanic eruptions, prolonged drought, heavy rains, earthquakes, asteroid collision, etc., a large number of species become extinct at the same time which is called mass extinction.

Question. What is meant by alien species?
Answer. Non-native powerful species which invade a new area are known as alien species.

Question. What is genetic diversity?
Answer. It is the measure of variation in genetic information contained in the organisms.

Question. Why is genetic variation important in the plant Rauwolfia vomitoria? 
Answer. Genetic variation affects the variation in potency and concentration of the drug reserpine in the medicinal plant Rauwolfia.

Question. According to David Tilman, greater the diversity greater is the primary productivity. Can you think of a very low diversity man-made ecosystem that has high productivity. 
Answer. Agricultural fields like wheat field or paddy field which are also examples of monoculture practices.

Question. Identify ‘a’ and ‘b’ in the figure given below representing proportionate number of major vertebrate taxa.

Answer. a → Mammals
b → Amphibians

Question. Define biodiversity.
Answer. The occurrence of different types of genes, gene pools, species, habitats and ecosystems in a particular place and various parts of earth is called biodiversity.

Question. Name any two sanctuaries in India.
Answer. Keoladeo Ghana bird sanctuary, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) and Periyar sanctuary (Kerala).

Question. About 200 species of Cichlid fish became extinct when a particular fish was introduced in Lake Victoria of Africa. Name the invasive fish.
Answer. Nile perch.