NCERT Class 12 Home Science Chapter 10 Management of Support Services

MANAGEMENT OF SUPPORT SERVICES INSTITUTIONS AND PROGRAMMES AND CHILDREN YOUTH AND ELDERLY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing this section the learner will be able to:

•  explain why services, institutions and programmes are needed for  children, youth and elderly
• describe the aspects involved in management of institutions and programmes
• discuss the knowledge base and skills set required to manage and run institutions and programmes
•  become aware of the career opportunities available in this field.                             

SIGNIFICANCES

Family is the basic unit of the society and one of its chief functions is  to look after the needs of its members. The members in a family could  include parents, their children of various ages and the grandparents. The  composition of the family will vary from one household to another but at

different stages in its life cycle, the family has different composition and the members together try to meet each others’ needs. However, a family cannot always provide all the specialised services that are needed for the optimal growth and development of its members. For example, young children need formal education; all the members need health care. Therefore, each community creates other structures like schools, hospitals, universities, recreation centres, training centres which provide specialised services or support services which can be accessed by different members of the family to meet their needs. 

Generally a family, along with other structures of the society like schools, hospitals etc., is expected to meet the needs of its members. However many families in our country are unable to meet even the basic needs of their members and/or access as well as utilise the various services provided by other structures of the society due to various reasons, one of them being lack of resources, especially financial. See the box given below for some pertinent details in this regard. Further, many children, youth and elderly are separated from their families and are left to cope on their own. By themselves, they find it difficult to meet their own needs. 

• Poverty in India is widespread, with the nation estimated to have a third of the world’s poor. 

• According to the Planning Commission of India, in 2011–2012, 29.5 per cent of the population was living below the national poverty line. 

• Less than 30 per cent of our population has access to adequate sanitation facilities. 

• Less than half of all deliveries in a year are conducted by trained birth attendants, which is a cause of high maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. 

• Less than half the country’s households consume iodised salt. Lack of iodine adversely affects mental and physical growth of the child. 

• Pervasive discrimination against girls and women, which is reflected in a range of adverse indicators, including nutritional and educational outcomes, and the declining ratio of girls to boys, particularly in the youngest age group, are matters of concern. 

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