NCERT Class 12 Home Science Chapter 15 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics in Institutions References

CARE AND MAINTENANCE FABRICS INSTITUTIONS

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After completing this section the learner will be able to –

•   discuss the significance of care and maintenance of fabrics and textile  products
•  describe the concept of care and maintenance of fabrics in hospitals and hotels
•  explain the process and various equipments required and their usage
•  discuss how a student can prepare for a career in this field.

INTRODUCTION

The use of fabrics in a family setup for apparel and household is well known.  You may also be aware that some special fabrics are used for industrial purposes, for interiors in institutions for heat and sound insulation and for bandages, masks etc. in hospitals. Since fabrics with specific properties are selected for specific usage and functionality, it becomes important that these characteristics are retained for the expected life of the material.  Efforts are also made to prolong the period of the serviceability of the product by taking good care of them.

 Care and maintenance of fabrics includes two aspects:

•Keeping the material free of physical damage and rectifying any damage that may have occurred during its use.

•Retaining or refreshing the appearance in terms of removal of stains and dirt and retaining the textural and visual characteristics.

Basic Concepts

Clean fresh hygienic clothes, spotless and crisp household linen are the outcome of successful laundering or dry-cleaning. Laundry is both a science and an art. It is a science because it is based on application of scientific principles and techniques. It is also an art since its application requires the mastering of certain skills to produce aesthetically pleasing results.

You are aware that care and maintenance requirements of different fabrics depend on its fibre content, type of yarn and fabric construction techniques, the finishes given to the fabrics and the purpose for which they are used. You are also aware of the process of laundry, stain removal role of water — suitability of soaps and detergents, methods of washing, finishing treatments, ironing and hot pressing, folding. Let us now briefly discuss the equipments required for these activities. There are mainly three types of equipments in common use:

A. Washing Equipment

B. Drying Equipment

C. Ironing/Pressing Equipment

At household level, a large amount of washing is done manually, using equipments like buckets, basins, bowls and scrubbing boards and brushes. In some cases, basic washing machines have been added.

A. Washing Equipment

Two types of models of washing machines are available – top loading (where the garments are put into the machine from the top) and front loading (where the garments are put in the machine from the front side).

Activity 1

Do a survey of types of washing machines available in the market. Collect pictures and paste them in the given boxes.

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