CBSE Class 12 Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs

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MCQ for Class 12 Biology Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Class 12 Biology students should refer to the following multiple-choice questions with answers for Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance in Class 12.

Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQ Questions Class 12 Biology with Answers

 

Question: The two strands of DNA are held together by

a) peptide bonds   
b) phosphodiester bonds
c) hydrogen bonds
d) S – S bonds

Answer : C 


Question: Nucleotide arrangement in DNA can be seen by

a) X-ray crystallography
b) electron microscope
c) ultracentrifuge
d) light microscope

Answer : A 


Question: Chargaff’s rules are applicable to

a) single stranded RNA.
b) single stranded DNA and RNA.
c) single stranded DNA.
d) double stranded DNA.

Answer : D 


Question: One turn of DNA possesses

a) one base pair 
b) two base pairs
c) five base pairs
d) ten base pairs

Answer : D 


Question: Which of the following is correct for Watson and Crick’s model of DNA. It is duplex with

a) 10 base pairs and 3.4 Å distance for every turn.
b) 10 base pairs and 3.4 Å distance for each turn of spiral.
c) 20 base pairs and 34 Å for each turn.
d) None of the above

Answer : A

 

Question: In Streptococcus pneumoniae

a) virulent form is smooth.
b) virulent form is rough.
c) nonvirulent form is capsulated.
d) all forms are rough.

Answer : A 


Question: The scientists involved in discovery of DNA as chemical basis of heredity were

a) Hershey and Chase
b) Griffith and Avery
c) Avery, Mac Leod and McCarty
d) Watson and Crick

Answer : C 


Question: During infection of E. coli cells by bacteriophage T2,

a) proteins are the only phage components that actually enter the infected cell.
b) both proteins and nucleic acids enter the cell.
c) only proteins from the infecting phage can also be detected in progeny phage.
d) only nucleic acids enter the cell.

Answer : D 


Question: If a double stranded DNA has 20% of cytosine, what will be the percentage of adenine in it?

a) 20% b) 40%
c) 30% d) 60%

Answer : C 


Question: In some viruses, RNA is present instead of DNA indicating that

a) their nucleic acid must combine with host DNA before replication.
b) they cannot replicate.
c) there is no hereditary information.
d) RNA can act to transfer heredity.

Answer : D 

 

Question: In a DNA strand the nucleotides are linked together by

a) phosphodiester bonds

b) glycosidic bonds

c) peptide bonds

d) hydrogen bonds

Answer :  phosphodiester bonds

 

Question: A nucleoside differs from a nucleotide. It lacks the:

a) phosphate group

b) hydroxyl group

c) sugar

d) base

Answer :  phosphate group

 

Question: Both deoxyribose and ribose belong to a class of sugars called

a) pentoses

b) polysaccharides

c) hexoses

d) trioses

Answer :  pentoses

 

Question: The fact that a purine base always paired through hydrogen bonds with a pyrimidine base leads to, in the DNA double helix

a) uniform width throughout DNA

b) uniform length in all DNA

c) the semiconservative nature

d) the antiparallel nature

Answer :  uniform width throughout DNA

 

Question: The net electric charge on DNA and histones is

a) negative and positive, respectively

b) both negative

c) both positive

d) zero

Answer :  negative and positive, respectively

 

Question: The promoter site and the terminator site for transcription are located at

a) 5' (upstream) end and 3' (downstream) end, respectively of thetranscription unit

b) the 5' (upstream) end

c) the 3' (downstream) end

d) 3' (downstream) end and 5' (upstream) end, respectively of the transcription unit

Answer :  5' (upstream) end and 3' (downstream) end, respectively of thetranscription unit

 

Question: Which of the following statements is the most appropriate for sickle cell anaemia?

a) All of the above

b) It confers resistance to acquiring malaria

c) It is a molecular disease

d) It cannot be treated with iron supplements

Answer :  All of the above

 

Question: One of the following is true with respect to AUG

a) All of the above

b) It codes for methionine in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

c) It is also an initiation codon

d) It codes for methionine only

Answer :  All of the above

 

Question: The first genetic material could be

a) RNA

b) DNA

c) carbohydrates

d) protein

Answer :  RNA

 

Question: With regard to mature mRNA in eukaryotes

a) exons appear but introns do not appear in the mature RNA

b) exons and introns do not appear in the mature RNA

c) introns appear but exons do not appear in the mature RNA

d) both exons and introns appear in the mature RNA

Answer :  exons appear but introns do not appear in the mature RNA

 

Question: The human chromosome with the highest and least number of genes in them are respectively

a) Chromosome 1 and Y

b) Chromosome 1 and X

c) Chromosome X and Y

d) Chromosome 21 and Y

Answer :  Chromosome 1 and Y

 

Question: Who amongst the following scientists had no contribution in the development of the double helix model for the structure of DNA?

a) Meselson and Stahl

b) Erwin Chargaff

c) Maurice Wilkins

d) Rosalind Franklin

Answer :  Meselson and Stahl

 

Question: DNA is a polymer of nucleotides which are linked to each other by 3’-5’ phosphodiester bond. To prevent polymerisation of nucleotides, which of the following modifications would you choose?

a) Remove/Replace 3' OH group in deoxy ribose

b) Remove/Replace 2' OH group with some other group in deoxy ribose

c) Both ‘B’ and ‘C’

d) Replace purine with pyrimidines

Answer :  Remove/Replace 3' OH group in deoxy ribose

 

Question: Discontinuous synthesis of DNA occurs in one strand, because

a)

b) DNA molecule being synthesised is very long

c) it is a more efficient process

d) DNA ligase has to have a role

Answer :

 

Question: Which of the following steps in transcription is catalysed by RNA polymerse?

a) Elongation

b) Initiation

c) Termination

d) All of the above

Answer :  Elongation

 

Question:  Control of gene expression takes place at the level of

a) Transcription

b) Translation

c) None of the above

d) DNA-replication

Answer :  Transcription

 

Question: Regulatory proteins are the accessory proteins that interact with RNA polymerase and affect its role in transcription. Which of the following statements is correct about regulatory protein?

a) They can act both as activators and as repressors

b) They interact with RNA polymerase but do not affect the expression

c) They only decrease expression

d) They only increase expression

Answer :  They can act both as activators and as repressors

 

Question: Which was the last human chromosome to be completely sequenced:

a) Chromosome 1

b) Chromosome 11

c) Chromosome 21

d) Chromosome x

Answer :  Chromosome 1

 

Question: Which of the following are the functions of RNA?

a) All of the above

b) It is a constituent component of ribosomes

c) It carries amino acids to ribosomes

d) It is a carrier of genetic information from DNA to ribosomes synthesising polypeptides

Answer :  All of the above

 

Question: While analysing the DNA of an organism a total number of 5386 nucleotides were found out of which the proportion of different bases were: Adenine : 29%, Guanine : 17%, Cytosine : 32%, Thymine : 17%. Considering the Chargaff’s rule it can be concluded that:

a) It is single stranded DNA

b) it is a double stranded circular DNA

c) It is a double stranded linear DNA

d) No conclusion can be drawn

Answer :  It is single stranded DNA 

 

Question: A bacterium grown over medium having radioactive 35S incorporates radioactivity in

a) carbohydrates
b) proteins
c) DNA                 
d) RNA

Answer=B


Question: Leading strand during DNA replication is formed

a) continuously.
b) in short segments.
c) first.
d) ahead of replication.

Answer=A


Question: DNA replication is

a) conservative and discontinuous.
b) semi-conservative and semi-discontinuous.
c) semi-conservative and discontinuous.
d) conservative.

Answer=C 


Question: Methyl guanosine triphosphate is added at 5' end of hn-RNA in a process of

a) tailing  
b) splicing
c) capping
d) None of these

Answer=C


Question: Genetic code is

a) triplet, universal, ambiguous and degenerate.
b) triplet, universal, non-ambiguous and nondegenerate.
c) triplet, universal, non-ambiguous and degenerate.
d) triplet, universal, ambiguous and non-degenerate.

Answer=C 


Question: Segments of mRNA removed during splicing are called

a) introns                 b) exons
c) promotor regions d) integrator regions

Answer=A 


Question: Frame shift mutation occurs when


a) base is deleted or added.
b) base is added.
c) base is deleted.
d) anticodons are not present.

Answer=A 


Question: Initiation codon of protein synthesis (in eukaryotes) is

a) GUA b) GCA
c) CCA d) AUG

Answer=D 


Question: In eukaryotes, mRNA is synthesized with the aid of

a) RNA polymerase III.
b) RNA polmerase II.
c) RNA polymerase I.
d) reverse transcriptase.

Answer=B


Question: Lactose operon produces enzymes

a) b-galactosidase, permease and glycogen synthetase.
b) b-galactosidase, permease and transacetylase.
c) permease, glycogen synthetase and transacetylase.
d) b-galactosidase, permease and phosphoglucose isomerase.

Answer=B 

Question: In some viruses, DNA is synthesised by using RNA as template. Such a DNA is called:

a) c DNA

b) r DNA

c) B-DNA

d) A-DNA

Answer: c DNA

 

Question:

a) 0:1:7

b) 0:1:3

c) 1:4:0

d) 1:1:0

Answer: 0:1:7

 

Question:

a) 5' - A U G A A U G - 3'

b) 5' - U A C U U A C - 3'

c) 5' - C A U U C A U - 3'

d) 5' - G U A A G U A - 3'

Answer: 5' - A U G A A U G - 3'

 

Question: The RNA polymerase holoenzyme transcribes:

a) the structural gene and the terminator regions

b) the structural gene only

c) the promoter, and the

d) the promoter, structural gene and the terminator region

Answer: the structural gene and the terminator regions

 

Question: If the base sequence of a codon in mRNA is 5'-AUG-3', the sequence of tRNA pairing with it must be

a) 5' - CAU - 3'

b) 5' - AUG - 3'

c) 5' - GUA - 3'

d) 5' - UAC - 3'

Answer: 5' - CAU - 3'

 

Question: The amino acid attaches to the tRNA at its:

a) 3' - end

b) 5' - end

c) Anti codon site

d) DHU loop

Answer: 3' - end

 

Question: To initiate translation, the mRNA first binds to

a) The smaller ribosomal sub-unit

b) The larger ribosomal sub-unit

c) The whole ribosome

d) No such specificity exists

Answer: The smaller ribosomal sub-unit

 

Question: In E.coli, the lac operon gets switched on when

a) lactose is present and it binds to the repressor

b) repressor binds to operator

c) RNA polymerase binds to the operator

d) lactose is present and it binds to RNA polymerase

Answer: lactose is present and it binds to the repressor

 

Question: The nucleic acid synthesis takes place in

a) 5’-3’ direction

b) 3’-5’ direction

c) Both ways

d) Any direction

Answer: 5’-3’ direction

 

Question: What is the nature of the strands of the DNA duplex?

a) Anti-parallel and complementary

b) Identical and complementary

c) Anti=parallel and non-complementary

d) Dissimilar and non-complementary

Answer: Anti-parallel and complementary 

 

Question: Diploid chromosome number in humans is 
a) 46 
b) 44
c) 48 
d) 42 
Answer: A
 
Question: DNA replication is  
a) conservative and discontinuous 
b) semi-conservative and semi-discontinuous 
c) semi-conservative and discontinuous 
d) conservative 
Answer: A
 
Question: Both husband and wife have normal vision though their fathers were colourblind. The probability of their daughter becoming colourblind is  
a) 0% 
b) 25% 
c) 50%
d) 75%
Answer: A
 
Question: Haemophilia is more common in males because it is a  
a) recessive character carried by Y-chromosome 
b) dominant character carried by Y-chromosome 
c) dominant trait carried by X-chromosome 
d) recessive trait carried by X-chromosome 
Answer: D
 
Question: Which one is a hereditary disease?  
a) Cataract
b) Leprosy 
c) Blindness 
d) Phenylketonuria
Answer: D
 
Question: A colourblind girl is rare because she will be born only when  
a) her mother and maternal grandfather were colourblind 
b) her father and maternal grandfather were colourblind 
c) her mother is colourblind and father has normal vision 
d) parents have normal vision but grand parents were colourblind 
Answer: B
 
Question: The process of transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA/formation of RNA from DNA is  
a) trnsversion 
b) transcription 
c) translation
d) translocation
Answer: B
 
Question: Escherichia coli fully labelled with N15 is allowed to grow in N14 medium. The two strands of DNA molecule of the first generation bacteria have 
a) different density and do not resemble parent DNA 
b) different density but resemble parent DNA 
c) same density and resemble parent DNA 
d) same density but do not resemble parent DNA
Answer: B
 
Question: Khorana first deciphered the triplet codons of  
a) serine and isoleucine 
b) threonine and histidine 
c) tyrosine and tryptophan 
d) phenylalanine and methionine
Answer: B
 
Question: Experimental material in the study of DNA replication has been  
a) Escherichia coli 
b) Neurospora crassa 
c) Pneumococcus 
d) Drosophila melanogaster
Answer: A
 
Question: Out of 8 ascospores formed in Neurospora the arrangement is 2a : 4a : 2a showing 
a) no crossing over
b) some meiosis
c) second generation division
d) first generation division
Answer: C
 
Question: Down’s syndrome is due to 
a) crossing over
b) linkage
c) sex-linked inheritance
d) non-disjunction of chromosomes
Answer: D
 
Question: A colourblind mother and normal father would have 
a) colourblind sons and normal/carrier daughters
b) colourblind sons and daughters
c) all colourblind
d) all normal
Answer: A
 
Question: In human beings 45 chromosomes/single X/XO abnormality causes 
a) Down’s syndrome
b) Klinefelter’s syndrome
c) Turner’s syndrome
d) Edward’s syndrome
Answer: C
 
Question: Of a normal couple, half the sons are haemophilic while half the daughters are carriers. The gene is located on 
a) X-chromosome of father
b) Y-chromosome of father
c) one X-chromosome of mother
d) both the X-chromosomes of mother
Answer: C
 
Question: Sex is determined in human beings 
a) by ovum
b) at the time of fertilization
c) 40 days after fertilization
d) seventh to eight week when genitals differentiate in foetus
Answer:B
 
Question: Mr. Kapoor has Bb autosomal gene pair and d allele sex-linked. What shall be proportion of Bd in sperms? 
a) 0
b) 1/2
c) 1/4 
d) 1/8
Answer: C
 
Question: Of both normal parents, the chance of a male child becoming colourblind are 
a) no
b) possible only when all the four grand parents had normal vision
c) possible only when father’s mother was colourblind
d) possible only when mother’s father was colourblind
Answer: D
 
Question: The transforming principle of Pneumococcus as found out by Avery, MacLeod and McCarty was
a) mRNA 
b) DNA 
c) protein
d) polysaccharide
Answer: B
 
Question: Because most of the amino acids are represented by more than one codon, the genetic code is 
a) overlapping
b) Wobbling
c) degenerate 
d) generate
Answer: C
 
Question: Who proved that DNA is basic genetic material?
a) Griffith
b) Watson
c) Boveri and Sutton
d) Hershey and Chase
Answer: D
 
Question: During DNA replication, the strands separate by 
a) DNA polymerase
b) topoisomerase
c) unwindase/helicase
d) gyrase
Answer: C
 
Question: The process of translation is 
a) ribosome synthesis
b) protein synthesis
c) DNA synthesis
d) RNA synthesis
Answer: B
 
Question: A DNA with unequal nitrogen bases would most probably be 
a) single stranded
b) double stranded
c) triple stranded
d) four stranded
Answer: A
 
Question: Nucleosome core is made of 
a) H1, H2A, H2B and H3
b) H1, H2A, H2B, H4
c) H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4
d) H2A, H2B, H3 and H4
Answer: D
 
Question: Initiation codon of protein synthesis (in eukaryotes) is 
a) GUA
b) GCA
c) CCA 
d) AUG
Answer: D
 
Question: The number of base substitution possible in amino acid codons is 
a) 261
b) 264
c) 535 
d) 549
Answer: D
 
Question: Reverse transcriptase is 
a) RNA dependent RNA polymerase
b) DNA dependent RNA polymerase
c) DNA dependent DNA polymerase
d) RNA dependent DNA polymerase
Answer: D
 
Question: In Escherichia coli lac Operon is induced by
a) lactose 
b) promoter gene
c) β-galactosidase
d) I-gene
Answer: A
 
Question: DNA template sequence of CTGATAGC is transcribed over mRNA as 
a) GUCTUTCG 
b) GACUAUCG
c) GAUTATUG
d) UACTATCU
Answer: B
 
Question: Protein helping in opening of DNA double helix in front of replications fork is 
a) DNAgyrase 
b) DNA polymerase-I
c) DNAligase
d) topoisomerase
Answer: A
 
Question: Which is not involved in protein synthesis?
a) Transcription 
b) Initiation
c) Elongation
d) Termination
Answer: A
 
Question: Genes located on Y-chromosome are 
a) mutant genes
b) sex-linked genes
c) autosomal genes
d) holandric genes
Answer: D
 
Question: A colourblind woman marries a normal visioned male. In the offspring 
a) both son and daughter are colourblind
b) all daughters are colourblind
c) all sons are normal
d) all sons are colourblind
Answer: D
 
Question: Out of A=T, G =C pairing, bases of DNA may exist in alternate valency state owing to arrangement called 
a) analogue substitution
b) tautomerizational mutation
c) frameshift mutation
d) point mutation
Answer: B
 
Question: The wild type E. coli cells are growing in normal medium with glucose. They are transferred to a medium containing only lactose as sugar. Which of the following changes takes place? 
a) The lac operon is repressed
b) All operons are induced
c) The lac operon is induced
d) E. coli cells stop dividing
Answer: C
 
Question: Anticodon is an unpaired triplet of bases in an exposed position of 
a) mRNA
b) rRNA
c) tRNA 
d) sRNA
Answer: C
 
Question: If the sequence of bases in DNA is ATTCGATG, then the sequence of bases in its transcript will be 
a) CAUCGAAU
b) UAAGCUAC
c) GUAGCUUA
d) AUUCGAUG
Answer: B
 
Question: In split genes, the coding sequence are called
a) introns
b) operons
c) exons 
d) cistrons
Answer: C
 
Question: The change of the light coloured variety of peppered moth (Biston betularia) to its darker variety (Biston carbonarid) is due to 
a) mutation
b) regeneration
c) genetic isolation
d) temporal isolation
Answer: A
 
Question: The polytene chromosomes were discovered for the first time in 
a) Drosophila 
b) Chironomus
c) Musca nebulo
d) Musca domestica
Answer: B
 
Question: The most striking example of point mutation is found in a disease called 
a) thalassemia
b) night blindness
c) Down’s syndrome
d) sickle cell anaemia
Answer: D
 
Question: Barr body in mammals represents 
a) all the heterochromatin in female cells
b) Y-chromosomes in somatic cells of male
c) all heterochromatin in male and female cells
d) one of the two X-chromosomes in somatic cells of females
Answer: D
 
Question: An individual exhibiting both male and female sexual characteristics in the body is known as 
a) hermaphrodite
b) intersex
c) gynandromorph
d) bisexual
Answer: C
 
Question: A person with 47 chromosomes due to an additional Y-chromosome suffers from a condition called
a) Down’s syndrome
b) Super female
c) Turner’s syndrome
d) Klinefelter’s syndrome
Answer: D
 
Question: The translation termination triplet is 
a) UAU 
b) UAA
c) UAC
d) UGC
Answer: B
 
Question: Okazaki fragments are seen during 
a) transcription
b) translation
c) replication 
d) transduction
Answer: C
 
Question: An enzyme that joins the ends of two strands of nucleic acid is a 
a) polymerase
b) synthetase
c) helicase 
d) ligase
Answer: D
 
Question: H. J. Muller was awarded Nobel Prize for his
a) discovery that chemicals can induce gene mutations
b) discovery that ionizing radiations can induce gene mutations
c) work on gene mapping in Drosophila
d) efforts to prevent the use of nuclear weapons
Answer: B
 
Question: After crossing two plants, the progenies are found to be male sterile. This phenomenon is found to be maternally inherited and is due to some genes which are present in
a) nucleus 
b) chloroplast
c) mitochondria
d) cytoplasm
Answer: B
Chapter 01 Reproduction in Organism
CBSE Class 12 Biology Reproduction in Organisms MCQs
Chapter 02 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
CBSE Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants MCQs
Chapter 03 Human Reproduction
CBSE Class 12 Biology Human Reproduction MCQs
Chapter 04 Reproductive Health
CBSE Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health MCQs
Chapter 05 Principles of Inheritance and Variation
CBSE Class 12 Biology Principles of Inheritance and Variation MCQs
Chapter 06 Molecular Basis of Inheritance
CBSE Class 12 Biology Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs
Chapter 09 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
CBSE Class 12 Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production MCQs
Chapter 10 Microbes in Human Welfare
CBSE Class 12 Biology Microbes in Human Welfare MCQs
Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes
CBSE Class 12 Biology Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQs
Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications
CBSE Class 12 Biology Biotechnology and Its Applications MCQs
Chapter 13 Organisms and Populations
CBSE Class 12 Biology Organisms and Populations MCQs
Chapter 15 Biodiversity and Conservation
CBSE Class 12 Biology Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs
Chapter 16 Environmental Issues
CBSE Class 12 Biology Environmental Issues MCQs

MCQs for Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Biology Class 12

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