NCERT Class 12 English Indigo

Read and download NCERT Class 12 English Indigo in NCERT book for Class 12 English. You can download latest NCERT eBooks chapter wise in PDF format free from Studiestoday.com. This English textbook for Class 12 is designed by NCERT and is very useful for students. Please also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 12 English to understand the answers of the exercise questions given at the end of this chapter

NCERT Book for Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo

Class 12 English students should refer to the following NCERT Book Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo in Class 12. This NCERT Book for Class 12 English will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo NCERT Book Class 12

Indigo

Louis Fischer (1896-1970) was born in Philadelphia. He served as a volunteer in the British Army between 1918 and 1920. Fischer made a career as a journalist and wrote for The New York Times, The Saturday Review and for European and Asian publications. He was also a member of the faculty at Princeton University. The following is an excerpt from his book- The Life of Mahatma Gandhi. The book has been reviewed as one of the best books ever written on Gandhi by Times Educational Supplement. When I first visited Gandhi in 1942 at his ashram in Sevagram, in central India, he said, “I will tell you how it happened that I decided to urge the departure of the British. It was in 1917.”

He had gone to the December 1916 annual convention of the Indian National Congress party in Lucknow. There were 2,301 delegates and many visitors. During the proceedings, Gandhi recounted, “a peasant came up to me looking like any other peasant in India, poor and emaciated, and said, ‘I am Rajkumar Shukla. I am from Champaran, and I want you to come to my district’!’’ Gandhi had neverheard of the place. It was in the foothills of the towering Himalayas, near the kingdom of Nepal.

Under an ancient arrangement, the Champaran peasants were sharecroppers. Rajkumar Shukla was one of them. He was illiterate but resolute. He had come to the Congress session to complain about the injustice of the landlord system in Bihar, and somebody had probably said, “Speak to Gandhi.”

Gandhi told Shukla he had an appointment in Cawnpore and was also committed to go to other parts of India. Shukla accompanied him everywhere. Then Gandhi returned to his ashram near Ahmedabad. Shukla followed him to the ashram. For weeks he never left Gandhi’s side. “Fix a date,” he begged.Impressed by the sharecropper’s tenacity and story Gandhi said, ‘‘I have to be in Calcutta on such-and-such a date. Come and meet me and take me from there.”

Months passed. Shukla was sitting on his haunches at the appointed spot in Calcutta when Gandhi arrived; he waited till Gandhi was free. Then the two of them boarded a train for the city of Patna in Bihar. There Shukla led him to the house of a lawyer named Rajendra Prasad who later became President of the Congress party and of India. Rajendra Prasad was out of town, but the servants knew Shukla as a poor yeoman who pestered their master to help the indigo sharecroppers. So they let him stay on the grounds with his companion, Gandhi, whom they took to be another peasant. But Gandhi was not permitted to draw water from the well lest some drops from his bucket pollute the entire source; how did they know that he was not an untouchable?

Gandhi decided to go first to Muzzafarpur, which was en route to Champaran, to obtain more complete information about conditions than Shukla was capable of imparting. He accordingly sent a telegram to Professor J.B. Kripalani, of the Arts College in Muzzafarpur, whom he had seen at Tagore’s Shantiniketan school. The train arrived at midnight, 15 April 1917. Kripalani was waiting at the station with a large body of students. Gandhi stayedthere for two days in the home of Professor Malkani, a teacher in a government school. ‘‘It was an extraordinary thing ‘in those days,’’ Gandhi commented, “for a government professor to harbour a man like me”. In smaller localities, the Indians were afraid to show sympathy for advocates of home-rule.

The news of Gandhi’s advent and of the nature of his mission spread quickly through Muzzafarpur and to Champaran. Sharecroppers from Champaran began arriving on foot and by conveyance to see their champion. Muzzafarpur lawyers called on Gandhi to brief him; they frequently represented peasant groups in court; they told him about their cases and reported the size of their fee.

Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fee from the sharecroppers. He said, ‘‘I have come to the conclusion that we should stop going to law courts. Taking such cases to the courts does litte good. Where the peasants are so crushed and fear-stricken, law courts are useless. The real relief for them is to be free from fear.’’ Most of the arable land in the Champaran district was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen and worked by Indian tenants. The chief commercial crop was indigo. The landlordscompelled all tenants to plant three twentieths or 15 percent of their holdings with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent. This was done by long-term contract. Presently, the landlords learned that Germany had developed synthetic indigo. They, thereupon, obtained agreements from the sharecroppers to pay them compensation for being released from the 15 per cent arrangement. The sharecropping arrangement was irksome to the peasants, and many signed willingly. Those who resisted, engaged lawyers; the landlords hired thugs. Meanwhile, the information about synthetic indigo reached the illiterate peasants who had signed, and they wanted their money back. At this point Gandhi arrived in Champaran. He began by trying to get the facts. First he visited the secretary of the British landlord’s association. The secretary told him that they could give no information to an outsider. Gandhi answered that he was no outsider. 

Talking about the text

1. “Freedom from fear is more important than legal justice for the poor.” Do you think that the poor of India are free from fear after Independence?

2. The qualities of a good leader. Working with words

    • List the words used in the text that are related to legal procedures.

      For example: deposition

    • List other words that you know that fall into this category.

Thinking about language

1. Notice the sentences in the text which are in ‘direct speech’. Why does the author use quotations in his narration?

2. Notice the use or non-use of the comma in the following sentences.

    (a) When I first visited Gandhi in 1942 at his ashram in Sevagram, he told me what happened in Champaran.

    (b) He had not proceeded far when the police superintendent’s messenger overtook him.

    (c) When the court reconvened, the judge said he would not deliver the judgment for several days.

Things to do

1. Choose an issue that has provoked a controversy like the Bhopal Gas Tragedy or the Narmada Dam Project in which the lives of the poor have been affected.

2. Find out the facts of the case.

3. Present your arguments.

4. Suggest a possible settlement.

 

Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 12 English Indigo

Flamingo Chapter 01 The Last Lesson
NCERT Class 12 English The Last Lesson
Flamingo Chapter 02 Lost Spring
NCERT Class 12 English Lost Spring
Flamingo Chapter 03 Deep Water
NCERT Class 12 English Deep Water
Flamingo Chapter 04 The Rattrap
NCERT Class 12 English The Rattrap
Flamingo Chapter 05 Indigo
NCERT Class 12 English Indigo
Flamingo Chapter 06 Poets and Pancakes
NCERT Class 12 English Poets and Pancakes
Flamingo Chapter 07 The Interview
NCERT Class 12 English The Interview
Flamingo Chapter 08 Going Places
NCERT Class 12 English Going Places
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 01 My Mother at Sixty six
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry My Mother at Sixty six
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 02 An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 03 Keeping Quiet
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Keeping Quiet
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 04 A Thing of Beauty
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry A Thing of Beauty
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 05 A Roadside Stand
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry A Roadside Stand
Flamingo Poetry Chapter 06 Aunt Jennifers Tigers
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Aunt Jennifers Tigers
Kaleidoscope Drama Chapter 01 Chandalika
NCERT Class 12 English Drama Chandalika
Kaleidoscope Drama Chapter 02 Broken Images
NCERT Class 12 English Drama Broken Images
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 01 Freedom
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction Freedom
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 02 The Mark on The Wall
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction The Mark on The Wall
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 03 Film Making
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction Film Making
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 04 Why The Novel Matters
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction Why The Novel Matters
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 05 The Argumentative Indian
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction The Argumentative Indian
Kaleidoscope Non Fiction Chapter 06 On Science Fiction
NCERT Class 12 English Non Fiction On Science Fiction
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 01 A Lecture Upon the Shadow
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry A Lecture Upon the Shadow
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 02 Poems By Milton
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Poems By Milton
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 03 Poems By Blake
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Poems By Blake
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 04 Kubla Khan
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Kubla Khan
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 05 Trees
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Trees
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 06 The Wild Swans at Coole
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry The Wild Swans at Coole
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 07 Time and Time Again
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Time and Time Again
Kaleidoscope Poetry Chapter 08 Blood
NCERT Class 12 English Poetry Blood
Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 01 I Sell my Dreams
NCERT Class 12 English I Sell my Dreams
Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 02 Eveline
NCERT Class 12 English Eveline
Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 03 A Wedding in Brownsville
NCERT Class 12 English A Wedding in Brownsville
Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 04 Tomorrow
NCERT Class 12 English Tomorrow
Kaleidoscope Short Stories Chapter 05 One Centimetre
NCERT Class 12 English One Centimetre
Vistas Chapter 01 The Third Level
NCERT Class 12 English The Third Level
Vistas Chapter 02 The Tiger King
NCERT Class 12 English The Tiger King
Vistas Chapter 03 Journey to the end of the Earth
NCERT Class 12 English Journey to the end of the Earth
Vistas Chapter 04 The Enemy
NCERT Class 12 English The Enemy
Vistas Chapter 05 Should Wizard Hit Mommy
NCERT Class 12 English Should Wizard Hit Mommy
Vistas Chapter 06 On the Face of It
NCERT Class 12 English On The Face Of It
Vistas Chapter 07 Evans Tries an O Level
NCERT Class 12 English Evans Tries An O Level
Vistas Chapter 08 Memories of Childhood
NCERT Class 12 English Memories Of Childhood

English NCERT Book Class 12 Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo

The above NCERT Books for Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo English Class 12 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 12 English are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 12 Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo book for English also includes collection of question. We have also provided NCERT solutions for Class 12 English which have been developed by teachers of StudiesToday.com after thorough review of the latest book and based on pattern of questions in upcoming exams for Class 12 students.

NCERT Book Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo

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Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo NCERT Book Class 12 English

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Class 12 Flamingo Chapter 5 Indigo NCERT Book English

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