CBSE Class 10 Science Sustainable Management of Natural Resources Assignment Set B

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Assignment for Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources

Class 10 Science students should refer to the following printable assignment in Pdf for Chapter 16 Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources in Class 10. This test paper with questions and answers for Class 10 Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Chapter 16 Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources Class 10 Science Assignment

Objective Questions

Question. ‘Chipko Andolan’ originated in a remote village called Reni in Garhwal in the Himalayas during the 

a. 1970
b. 1972
c. 1974
d. 1971
 
Answer : A
Explanation: Chipko movement was started in 1970’s in the Himalayas of Uttar Pradesh in order to prevent the illegal deforestation and destruction of forest and trees. Indian villagers, mainly the women have participated in this movement.
They adopted Gandhian method of Satyagraha by hugging the trees and saving them from being cut down.
 
Question. Expand the abbreviation of GAP :- 
a. Ganga action plan
b. Government agency for animal protection
c. Gross Assimilation by photosynthesis
d. Governmental Agency for pollution control
 
Answer : A
Explanation: “Ganga Action Plan” (GAP) is an action plan which is an immediate reduction of pollution load on the river Ganga. It is prepared by Department of Environment in December 1984 on the basis of a survey on Ganga basin carried out by the Central Pollution Control Board in 1984.
 

Fill in the blanks

Question. The Chipko Andolan originated from an incident in a remote village called.’……….’ in Garhwal.
Answer: Reni

Question. Kulhs system of irrigation is common in _____________ .
Answer: Himachal Pradesh

Question. The Government of India, has recently instituted an ‘Amrita Devi Bishnoi National Award’ for ……… in the memory of Amrita Devi Bishnoi.
Answer: wildlife conservation

Question. In the Arabari forest range of Midnapore district involvement of villagers helped to recover trees of _____________ .
Answer: Sal

Question. Resources which are inexhausitble are called .......... and the resources which once used are lost forever, are known as .......... .
Answer : renewable resources, non-renewable

Question. The uppermost layer of the land forms .......... .
Answer : soil

Question. Kulhs system of irrigation is common in _____________ .
Answer : Himachal Pradesh

Question. .......... gas causes green house effect that mostly increases due to use of fossil fuels.
Answer : carbon-di-oxide

Question. Red Data book provides a list of _____________ .
Answer : Rare, endangered or endemic species

Question. Khadin is an example of traditional.
Answer : Water harvesting

Question. Tehri Dam is being constructed on _____________ .
Answer : Ganga

Question. In blood carbon monoxide forms .......... that is unable to transport oxygen.
Answer : Carboxyhaemoglobin

Question. The bacteria present in contaminated water is _____________.
Answer : Coliform

Question. .......... is the best method for conservation of environment.
Answer : Reuse

Question. Sanctuaries are established to _____________ .
Answer : Protect

Question. .......... is a blanket around the earth, that protects it from scorching during the day and freezing during the night.
Answer : atmosphere

True or False

Question. Soil and water are non-renewable natural resources. [True/False]
Answer : False

Question. Monoculture forestry is more suitable for industries but it is not good for the environment. [True/False]
Answer : True

Question. The river water is said to be polluted with acidic wastes when the pH of river water above 7. [True/False]
Answer : False

Question. Revival of ancient systems of water harvesting is better than big dams. [True/False]
Answer : True

Question. Control of local people over their own water resources may cause mismanagement and over-exploitation of these resources. [True/False]
Answer : False

Very Short Answers

Question.  Why should we preserve bio diversity? 
Answer : If the bio- diversity is not preserved, the ecological stability of an area will be lost and ecological crisis will be caused. 

Question.  What are “bio diversity hot spots”? Why this name has been given? 
Answer : Forests are called bio diversity hot spots because of the presence of a large number of species of plants and animals. 

Question. Who launched Chipko Andolan. 
Answer :  Chipko Andolan launched by Sunder Lal Bahuguna. 
 
Question. Which city had the maximum coliform count in Ganges water? 
Answer :  Kannauj and Kanpur (Most Probable Number 1400/500 ml)
 

True/False

DIRECTION : Read the following statements and write your answer as true of false.

Question. Check dams are build along seasonal flooded gullies for water harvesting.
Answer : True

Question. Forests provide variety of products.
Answer : True

Question. Khadins, Ahars and Kattas are ancient structures that are example of of water harvesting.
Answer : True

Question. Sustainable development means planned growth with minimum damage to the environment.
Answer : True

Question. Forests are reservoirs of wildlife.
Answer : True

Question. Successful forest conservation strategy should involve protection of only consumers.
Answer : False

Question. When a single species of plant is cultivated in an area, it promotes monoculture.
Answer : True

Question. Forest and wildlife are conserved to continue food chain.
Answer : False

Question. Increase in human population puts more pressure on land.
Answer : True

 

Matching Question

1.
Column I         Column II
(A) Kulhs      (p) Karnataka
(B) Kattas     (q) Maharashtra
(C) Tals         (r) Rajasthan
(D) Khadin    (s) Himachal Pradesh

Answer : A-s, B-p, C-q, D-r

2.
Column I               Column II
(A) Wullvar        (p) Orissa
(B) Chilka          (q) Rajasthan
(C) Sambhar      (r) Jammu andKashmir
(D) Harike          (s) Punjab

Answer : A-r, B-p, C-q, D-s

3.
Column I                            Column II
(A) Desertification          (p) Amrita DeviBishnoi
(B) Khejri                       (q) Incomplete combustion
(C) Khadin                     (r) Deforestation
(D) Carbon monoxide    (s) Water harvesting

Answer : A-r, B-p, C-s, D-q

4.
Column I                                           Column II
(A) Ganga Sagar                           (p) Forests
(B) Coliform Bacteria                     (q) Amrita Devi
(C) Plastic                                     (r) Chipko Andolan
(D) Biodiversity hotspots               (s) A. K. Banerjee
(E) Protection of Khejri trees         (t) Bay of Bengal
(F) Ahars and Pines                      (u) Ganga water
(G) Protection of sal forest            (v) Recycle
(H) Hug the trees movement         (vi) Bihar

Answer : A-t, B-u, C-v, D-p, E-q, F-w, G-s, H-r

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Who are called stake holders?
Answer : Those people who are affected by a project are called stake holders

Question. Give one example each from your daily life where the domestic waste can be effectively reused and recycled.
Answer : Domestic waste should be converted into compost and used in the kitchen garden

Question. Name the person who is remembered for the protection of Khejri trees in Rajasthan.
Answer : Amrita Devi Bishnoi

Question. List two advantages of building dams?
Answer : (i) Dams control floods (ii) They help to produce electricity.

Question. Mention two renewable sources of energy.
Answer : (i) Solar Energy, (ii) Wind Energy

Question. Name two exhaustible natural resources.
Answer : Coal and petroleum

Question. Write the context in which Amrita Devi Bishnoi National award is given?
Answer : Amrita Devi Bishnoi National award is given for wild life conservation in honour of Amrita Devi Bishnoi who scarified her life along with 363 others for the protection of Khejri trees in a village of Rajasthan in 1731.

Question. Why do we need alternate sources of energy?
Answer : (i) Increase in demand (ii) Non-renewable source of energy are limited.

Question. What are ways to conserve natural resources?
Answer : (i) Reduce, (ii) Reuse, (iii) Recycling of non-biodegradable wastes.

Question. Give one protective function of forest.
Answer : Forest is habitat of large number of animal and plants which are not found anywhere else. It provides bio-diversity to our environment

Question. List any two industries based on forest produce.
Answer : (i) Timber (Furniture) industry (ii) Sports good (iii) Paper

Question. State one reason for conservation of forest and wild life.
Answer : Restoring of ecological balance

Question. Mention the action taken by Government to save river Ganga?
Answer : Ganga Action Plan to prevent pollution of Ganga.

Question. Name a programme which was started to avoid alienation of common man from trees. Who started it?
Answer : Chipko movement started by Sunder Lal Bahuguna to avoid alienation of common man from trees.

Question. Mention any two reasons for failure to sustain underground water.
Answer : (i) Loss of vegetation cover (ii) Water demanding crops
(iii) Wastage of water (iv) Leakage

Question. List two measures that you would suggest for the better management of water resources.
Answer : (i) Wastewater treatment (ii) Drip irrigation (iii) Avoid leakage

Question. Name the ancient water harvesting structures in Maharashtra.
Answer : Bandharas and Tals

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Which one is better to save an environment “Reuse” or “Recycling”? Give reasons to support your answer. 
Answer : “Reuse” of material is better than “Recycling” in saving our environment because:
1. Reuse of material does not use any energy, whereas recycling uses some energy.
2. In reuse things are used again and again instead of throwing away. 

Question. Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being taken to limit this damage? 
Answer :  Ozone layer acts as a protective shield against the harmful Ultraviolet rays of the sun.
Depletion of ozone layer leads to exposure to Ultraviolet rays & due to this the incidences of cancer, cataract are on rise. Also the uv rays damage the immune system of human beings.
In 1987, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement between nations to freeze chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) production to 1986 levels. CFCs are the main cause of ozone layer depletion.  
 
Question. One day Mohan found his neighbours burning plastic wastes in an open space near to his house. He explained three methods to save the environment from plastic wastes to them. Imagine yourself in methods that Mohan might have told to his neighbours. What value was exhibited by Mohan in this situation? 
Answer : Ozone layer acts as a protective shield against the harmful Ultraviolet rays of the sun.
Depletion of ozone layer leads to exposure to Ultraviolet rays & due to this the incidences of cancer, cataract are on rise. Also the uv rays damage the immune system of human beings.
In 1987, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement between nations to freeze chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) production to 1986 levels. CFCs are the main cause of ozone layer depletion. 

Question. Dams are bane or boon? Justify your answer.
                             OR
Give three points to justify that dams can have advantages or disadvantages.
Answer : Dams are useful in producing hydroelectricity, fishing, irrigation and tourism
If their construction is not planned properly it may lead to
(i) Economic problems (ii) Ecological problems
(iii) Social problems
Example: Tehri Dam, Tawa Dam

Question. State two reasons each of conserving 
(a) Forest and
(b) Wild life

Answer : (a) Forest: It needs to be conserved as it is a natural resource, many industries depend on it and will exploit and deplete the forest. It is biodiversity hot-spot.
(b) Wildlife: It maintains the ecological balance. Hence all animals which are hunted for skin, fur, tusk, horns etc. need protection and their habitat also need to be conserved.

Question. Why must we conserve our forests? List any two causes for deforestation taking place.
Answer :  We must conserve our forest as they are very useful.
(i) It conserves soil by preventing soil erosion, prevents flood and holds lot of water, maintain ground level of water and brings rainfall.
(ii) It provides lot of raw material for many industries like timber, sal, wood, bidi, tendu leaves, coir etc.
Two causes of deforestation:
(a) Exploitation by industries.
(b) Due to increase in population, lot of forest land is converted to build roads and dams for the infrastructure development. Pressure of human settlement is also a major cause.

Question. An environmentalist on visit to your school suggested the use of three R’s to save the environment. Explain what he meant by three R’s and how you would follow his advice at home. 
Answer : The 3R’s to save the environment means:
(i) Reduce—It means we should use less resources. The demand of exploiting
resources should be reduced by switching off lights, fans when not required, by not wasting paper, pencil etc.
(ii) Recycle—It means, to make new products from the old, used ones, e.g., recycle used paper, plastic bags, glass material and metals like tins, cans, foils etc.
(iii) Reuse—It is the best option i.e., use the things, materials again and again. e.g., use the envelope which was already used, make use of plastic bottles, jam and pickle containers etc.

Question. How do advantages of exploiting natural resources with short-term aims differ from the advantages of managing our resources with a long-term perspective? 
Answer : Exploitation of natural resources with short-term aims means exploiting it for need, money and make them extinct but using the same resources with a long-term perspective means managing the resources wisely, judiciously and using them in such a manner that they are present for future generations to come i.e., sustainable management.

Question. What is water harvesting? Write any two advantages of it. 
Answer : Water harvesting means capturing water to recharge water reservoirs.
Benefits of water harvesting:
(i) It provides water for potable use.
(ii) It provides water for irrigation.
(iii) It increases the ground water level.
(iv) It provides water for the growth of vegetation.

Question. What changes would you suggest in your home in order to be environment friendly?
Answer : Changes that I would suggest at my home in order to be environment friendly are
(i) Using a jute bag instead of plastic or polythene bag.
(ii) Switching off fans and light in the rooms which are not being used
(iii) Avoiding AC as far as possible and using fans or coolers.
(iv) Using water again and again like water after washing vegetable can be used to water the plants.
(v) Recycling clothes till they can be used for different purposes
(vi) Throwing organic and recyclable waste in separate bins

Question. What is water harvesting? Mention any two water harvesting structures.
Answer : Water harvesting means capturing rainwater where it falls or capturing the run off in a local area for future use.
Two water harvesting structures are Khadins in Rajasthan and Kulhs in Himachal Pradesh.

Question. What is a dam? Write two main advantages and two ill-effects of constructing a big dam.
Answer : Dams are massive barriers built across rivers and streams to confine and utilise the flow of water for human purposes such as irrigation and generation of electricity.
Two main advantages of constructing a big dam are:
1. Generation of electricity.
2. Irrigation.
Two ill-effects of constructing a big dam are:
1. It displaces large number of people.
2. It causes deforestation and loss of biodiversity.

Question. What is meant by sustainable management? The environmentalists are insisting upon “sustainable natural resource management”. State its four advantages.
Answer : Sustainable management is the management of natural resources which requires a longterm perspective so that they last for generations to come and are not to be exploited by the shortterm gains.
Its four advantages are as follows:
1. Resources last for a longer duration.
2. It provides steady economic growth.
3. It helps in ecological conservation.
4. It reduces pollution.

Question. Give two examples each of the following:
1. Renewable sources of energy
2. Non-renewable sources of energy.
Answer : 1. Geothermal energy, wind energy
2. Coal, petroleum

Question. Name the terms used in different states and languages that is used for water harvesting structures.
Answer : The terms used in different states and languages that is used for water harvesting structures
(i) Khadins, tanks and nadis   –     Rajasthan.
(ii) Bandharas and tals           –     Maharashtara
(iii) Bundhis                           –     MP and UP
(iv) Ahars and pynes             –      Bihar
(v) Kulhs                              –      HP
(vi) Ponds                             –      kandli belt of Jammu
(vii) Eris                               –      Tamilnadu
(viii) Surangams                   –       Kerala
(ix) Kattas                            –       Karnatatka

Question. How did ‘Chipko Andolan’ ultimately benefit the local people? Describe briefly.
Answer : Chipko Movement:
→ During 1970, in Reni village of Garhwal, a contractor was allowed to cut trees in a forest near the village.
→ When the contractor’s workers went to the forest to cut trees, the women of the village hugged the tree trunks to prevent the workers from cutting trees.
→ Chipko means ‘hug’ and the movement began with the villagers hugging trees. It is called the ‘Chipko Andolan’.
The movement benefited the local population as it conserved the forest products. It benefited the environment as it conserved the quality of soil and sources of water thereby, maintained balance in nature.

Question. What changes would you suggest in your home in order to be environment-friendly?
Answer : (i) All the bulbs and tube-lights should be replaced with LED (Light Emitting Diode).
(ii) At home, everyone should use natural ventilation and light on day time.
(iii) We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags for shopping.
(iv) We should avoid wastage of water.
(v) For cooking food we should use LPG instead of microwave or oven.

Question. Can you suggest some changes in your school which would make it environment-friendly?
Answer : (i) Plant enough trees in the school.
(ii) Leaking taps should be repaired so that water is not wasted.
(iii) Bring food in reusable boxes, not in plastic bags or in aluminium foil.
(iv) Teachers can educate students about environmental conservation.
(v) There should be more windows in school for natural light.

 

Long Answers

Question. What is biodiversity? Why has it become important recently? 
Answer : Biodiversity: (Gk-bios = life; diversity = form). It is occurrence of different kinds of organisms and the complete range of varieties adapted to different climates, environments and areas being constituents of food chains and food web of biotic interrelationship. Biodiversity refers to totality of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. Biodiversity differs from place to place. As there is continuous loss of biodiversity due to increasing population, resources consumption, urbanization and pollution, it is important to conserve it. The basic reason for concern is that biodiversity is being lost even before it attains its size. Loss of biodiversity would check evolutionary capability of biota to cope up with environmental loss. 

Question. How can you as an individual contribute or make a difference to the management of
(a) forests and wildlife, (b) water resources and (c) coal and petroleum?
Answer : (a) Forests and wildlife:
1. By planting more trees.
2. By making mass awareness about the importance of forests and wildlife towards ecological balance.
3. By preventing the wastage of forest produce.
(b) Water resources:
1. Make judicious use of water.
2. Install a rain-water harvesting system.
3. Get leaking taps repaired immediately.
4. Be conscious about municipal taps, i.e. close them if they are unnecessarily running.
(c) Coal and petroleum:
1. Try to use public transport for travelling, as this would reduce fuel consumption.
2. Use solar cooker and solar heater.
3. Make people aware of the importance of these resources.

Question. List five things you have done over the last one week to-
(a) conserve our natural resources,
(b) increase the pressure on our natural resources.
Answer : (a) To conserve our natural resources:
(i) Travelled by a CNG bus for long distances and walk for short distances.
(ii) Used recycled paper
(iii) Thrown biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste into separate bins
(iv) Planted trees
(v) Harvested rainwater.
(b) To increase the pressure on our natural resources:
(i) Used non-renewable resources of energy
(ii) Wasted water
(iii) Wasted electricity
(iv) Used plastics and polythene bags for carrying goods
(v) Used escalators.

Question.  “White tiger has become an endangered species” why? 
Answer : White tiger has become an endangered species because of:
a) Loss of habitat due to deforestation.
b) Poaching by man
c) or any other correct reason.
Due to this their number has decreased to such an extent that they are facing a threat to their existence.

Question.  “Forests can not be conserved only by legislation; local human intervention is also required.” Justify your answer with two examples. 
Answer : The two examples when human intervention saved the forest are:
1. The protection of Khajuri trees- In 1731 Amrita Devi Bishnoi led a group of 363 persons who sacrificed their lives for the protection of Khajuri trees in Khejrati village (Rajasthan).
2. Hug the trees movement(Chipko Andolan)- In a Reni village in Gharwal when the contractor’s workers came into the forest to cut down the trees against the will of local people, the women of the village reached the forest quickly and clasped the trunks with their arms, and the forest trees were thus saved.

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