CBSE Class 12 Biology HOTs Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants

Please refer to CBSE Class 12 Biology HOTs Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants. Download HOTS questions and answers for Class 12 Biology. Read CBSE Class 12 Biology HOTs for Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants below and download in pdf. High Order Thinking Skills questions come in exams for Biology in Class 12 and if prepared properly can help you to score more marks. You can refer to more chapter wise Class 12 Biology HOTS Questions with solutions and also get latest topic wise important study material as per NCERT book for Class 12 Biology and all other subjects for free on Studiestoday designed as per latest CBSE, NCERT and KVS syllabus and pattern for Class 12

Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants Class 12 Biology HOTS

Class 12 Biology students should refer to the following high order thinking skills questions with answers for Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants in Class 12. These HOTS questions with answers for Class 12 Biology will come in exams and help you to score good marks

HOTS Questions Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants Class 12 Biology with Answers

Question. It is the tissue in the ovary on which the ovules develop and are attached to the ovary wall .Name this tissue located inside the ovarian cavity?
Ans. Placenta.

Question. Can you name the object ( a living structure some time back) which can be used as a symbol for conveying important human feelings such as love, affection, Grief, Mourning etc.?
Ans. Flower.

Question. It is the process of formation of megaspores from megaspore mother cell by meiotic division in anther. Name the process.
Ans. Megasporagenesis

Question. Holding a flower the teacher asked Hena to show the part of a flower which has four-sided (tetragonal) structure consisting of four sporangia grouped as a pair in each lobe. What would be the part of the flower? Can you guess?
Ans. Anther.

Question. Pineapples, Grapes are developed from an unfertilized ovary and resulting in seedless fruit. Can you name the developmental process?
Ans. Parthenogenesis.

Question. Vijaya started sneezing and developed some rashes on her hand after returning from her school garden. What causes such type of reaction?
Ans. Allergy to pollen grain.

Question. It is made of sporopollenin, which can withstand high temperature and action of strong acids or alkalis, no enzymes can degrade it and hence pollen grains are well preserved as fossils. Name the layer.
Ans. Exine, the hard outer layer.

Question. Write the correct name of the following:
i) Three cells present at the chalazal end in the embryo sac.
ii) A small pore in the ovule through which the pollen tube enter.
iii) Wall of fruit having mesocarp , endocarp, epicarp.
iv) Two cells present on either side of egg cell in an embryo sac.
v) Mass of parental cells enclosed within the integument.
Ans. i) Antipodals
ii) Micropyle
iii) Pericarp
iv) Synergids
v) Nucellus

Question. What similarities do you find in seed bank and pollen bank? Write their importance.
Ans. Pollen grain of different species of plants can be stored for years in liquid nitrogen (196ºC) like seeds. Such type of storage is called pollen banks similar to seed banks, in crop breeding programme.

Question. It is a major approach of crop improvement programme. In such crossing experiment it is important to make sure that only the desired pollen grains are used for pollination and the stigma is protected from contamination. How can it be achieved?
Ans. Artificial hybridization involving emasculation and bagging.

Question. Unisexual flower have pollen grain which are small, dry, non-sticky. Stigma and style of such flowers are well exposed and hairy. Name the pollinating agent.
Ans. Wind is pollination agent.

Question. A flower is large in size, colorful and has notaries. This type of adaptation corresponds to which pollination strategy?
Ans. Insect pollinated flowers.

Question. A general mechanism to prevent the self pollen from fertilizing the ovules by inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth on the pistil. Name the mechanism?
Ans. Self Incompatibility

Question. If favorable conditions like adequate moisture, oxygen and suitable temperature, are not available then the embryo may enter a state of inactivity. Name this state of inactivity.
Ans. Dormancy

Question. Fruits are developed from the ovary but in few species such as apple, strawberry, cashew etc other part of flower also contributes to fruit formation. Name the floral part?
Ans. Thalamus

Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Question. What is the correct sequence of development of microsporogenesis?
(a) Pollen grain→ Sporogenous tissue→ Microspore tetrad→ PMC→ Male gametes
(b) Sporogenous tissue→ Microspore tetrad→ PMC → Male gametes
(c) Pollen grain→ Male gametes→ PMC→ Microspore tetrad – Sporogenous tissue
(d) Sporogenous tissue→ PMC→ Microspore tetrad → Pollen grain→ Male gametes
Answer : D

Question. Strategies to prevent self-pollination are
(a) dioecy
(b) self-incompatibility
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer : C

Question. The portion of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is
(a) epicotyl
(b) hypocotyl
(c) plumule
(d) radicle
Answer : A

Question. Perisperm is
(a) residual nucellus
(b) residual endosperm
(c) covering of fruit
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question. Name the part of gynoecium that determines the compatible nature of pollen grain.
(a) Pistil
(b) Ovary
(c) Ovum
(d) Ovule
Answer : A

Question. Which type of pollination occurs in self-incompatible plant?
(a) Self-pollination
(b) Cross-pollination
(c) Water pollination
(d) Wind pollination
Answer : B

Question. In a typical complete, bisexual and hypogynous flower the arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the outermost to the innermost is
(a) calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium
(b) calyx, corolla, gynoecium and androecium
(c) gynoecium, androecium, corolla and calyx
(d) androecium, gynoecium, corolla and calyx
Answer : A

Question. Among the terms listed below, those that are not technically correct names for a floral whorl are
I. androecium II. carpel
III. corolla IV. sepal
(a) I and IV
(b) III and IV
(c) II and IV
(d) I and II
Answer : C

Question. Embryo sac is to ovule as ...... is to an anther.
(a) stamen
(b) filament
(c) pollen grain
(d) androecium
Answer : C

Question. A dicotyledonous plant bears flowers, but never produces fruits and seeds. The most probable cause for the above situation is
(a) plant is dioecious and bears only pistillate flowers
(b) plant is dioecious and bears both pistillate and staminate flowers
(c) plant is monoecious
(d) plant is dioecious and bears only staminate flowers
Answer : D

Question. During microsporogenesis, meiosis occurs in
(a) endothecium
(b) microspore mother cells
(c) microspore tetrads
(d) pollen grains
Answer : B

Question. From among the sets of terms given below, identify those that are associated with the gynoecium.
(a) Stigma, ovule, embryo sac, placenta
(b) Thalamus, pistil, style, ovule
(c) Ovule, ovary, embryo sac, tapetum
(d) Ovule, stamen, ovary, embryo sac
Answer : A

Question. Starting from the innermost part, the correct sequence of parts in an ovule are
(a) egg, nucellus, embryo sac, integument
(b) egg, embryo sac, nucellus, integument
(c) embryo sac, nucellus, integument, egg
(d) egg, integument, embryo sac, nucellus
Answer : B

Question. From the statements given below choose the option that are true for a typical female gametophyte.
I. It is 8-nucleate and 7-celled at maturity.
II. It is free-nuclear during the development.
III. It is situated inside the integument, but outside the nucellus.
IV. It has an egg apparatus situated at the chalazal end.
(a) I and IV
(b) II and III
(c) I and II
(d) II and IV
Answer : C

Question. Autogamy can occur in a chasmogamous flower if
(a) pollen matures before maturity of ovule
(b) ovules mature before maturity of pollen
(c) Both pollen and ovules mature simultaneously
(d) Both anther and stigma are of equal lengths
Answer : C

Question. Choose the correct statement from the following.
(a) Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy
(b) Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy
(c) Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy
(d) Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy
Answer : A

Question. From among the situations given below, choose the one that prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy.
(a) Monoecious plant bearing unisexual flowers
(b) Dioecious plant bearing only male or female flowers
(c) Monoecious plant with bisexual flowers
(d) Dioecious plant with bisexual flowers
Answer : B

Question. In an embryo sac, the cells that degenerate after fertilisation are
(a) synergids and primary endosperm cell
(b) synergids and antipodals
(c) antipodals and primary endosperm cell
(d) egg and antipodals
Answer : B

Question. While planning for an artificial hybridisation programme involving dioecious plants, which of the following steps would not be relevant?
(a) Bagging of female flower
(b) Dusting of pollen on stigma
(c) Emasculation
(d) Collection of pollen
Answer : C

Question. In the embryos of a typical dicot and a grass, true homologous structures are
(a) coleorhiza and coleoptile
(b) coleoptile and scutellum
(c) cotyledons and scutellum
(d) hypocotyl and radicle
Answer : C

Question. The phenomenon observed in some plants where in parts of the sexual apparatus is used for forming embryos without fertilisation is called
(a) parthenocarpy
(b) apomixis
(c) vegetative propagation
(d) sexual reproduction
Answer : B

Question. In a flower, if the megaspore mother cell forms megaspores without undergoing meiosis and if one of the megaspores develops into an embryo sac, its nuclei would be
(a) haploid
(b) diploid
(c) a few haploid and a few diploid
(d) with varying ploidy
Answer : B

Question. The phenomenon wherein, the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilisation is called
(a) parthenocarpy
(b) apomixis
(c) asexual reproduction
(d) sexual reproduction
Answer : A

Question. In a fertilised embryo sac, the haploid, diploid and triploid structures are
(a) synergid, zygote and primary endosperm nucleus
(b) synergid, antipodal and polar nuclei
(c) antipodal, synergid and primary endosperm nucleus
(d) synergid, polar nuclei and zygote
Answer : A

Question. The outermost and innermost wall layers of microsporangium in an anther are respectively.
(a) Endothecium and tapetum
(b) Epidermis and endodermis
(c) Epidermis and middle layer
(d) Epidermis and tapetum
Answer : D

Question. A particular species of plant produces light, non-sticky pollen in large numbers and its stigmas are long and feathery. These modifications facilitate pollination by
(a) insects
(b) water
(c) wind
(d) animals
Answer : C

Matching Type Questions

Question. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Agents of pollination) (Technical term)
A. Wind 1. Anemophily
B. Water 2. Hydrophily
C. Insects 3. Entomophily
D. Birds 4. Ornithophily
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 2 3 4 1
Answer : A

Question. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Parts of seed) (Features)
A. Cotyledon 1. Portion below the cotyledon
B. Epicotyl 2. Portion above the cotyledon
C. Plumule 3. Stem tip
D. Hypocotyl 4. Leaf of embryo
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 1 2 4 3
Answer : C

Question. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Other modes of reproduction) (Examples)
A. Parthenocarpy 1. Grasses
B. Apomixis 2. Citrus
C. Polyembryony 3. Banana
Codes
A B C
(a) 1 2 3
(b) 2 1 3
(c) 3 2 1
(d) 3 1 2
Answer : D

Question. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
A. Ovary 1. Groundnut, mustard
B. Ovule 2. Guava, orange, mango
C. Wall of fruit 3. Pericarp
D. Fleshy fruits 4. Seed
E. Dry fruits 5. Fruit
Codes
A B C D E
(a) 5 4 3 2 1
(b) 1 2 3 4 5
(c) 1 3 2 4 5
(d) 5 4 1 2 3
Answer : A

Question. Both, autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented in
(a) papaya
(b) cucumber
(c) castor
(d) maize.
Answer: A

Question. An organic substance that can withstand environmental extremes and cannot be degraded by any enzyme is
(a) cuticle
(b) sporopollenin
(c) lignin
(d) cellulose.
Answer: B

Question. Even in absence of pollinating agents seed-setting is assured in
(a) Commelina
(b) Zostera
(c) Salvia
(d) fig.
Answer: A

Question. What is the function of germ pore?
(a) Emergence of radicle
(b) Absorption of water for seed germination
(c) Initiation of pollen tube
(d) Release of male gametes
Answer: C

Question. Plants with ovaries having only one or a few ovules, are generally pollinated by
(a) bees
(b) butterflies
(c) birds
(d) wind.
Answer: D

Question. Filiform apparatus is a characteristic feature of
(a) suspensor
(b) egg
(c) synergid
(d) zygote.
Answer: C

Question. Which one of the following pollinations is autogamous?
(a) Geitonogamy
(b) Xenogamy
(c) Chasmogamy
(d) Cleistogamy
Answer: D

Question. Wind pollination is common in
(a) legumes
(b) lilies
(c) grasses
(d) orchids.
Answer: C

Question. In angiosperms, functional megaspore develops into
(a) embryo sac
(b) ovule
(c) endosperm
(d) pollen sac.
Answer: A

Question. Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called
(a) xenogamy
(b) geitonogamy
(c) karyogamy
(d) autogamy.
Answer: B

Question. Wind pollinated flowers are
(a) small, brightly coloured, producing large number of pollen grains
(b) small, producing large number of dry pollen grains
(c) large producing abundant nectar and pollen
(d) small, producing nectar and dry pollen.
Answer: B

Question. Which one of the following pairs of plant structures has haploid number of chromosomes?
(a) Nucellus and antipodal cells
(b) Egg nucleus and secondary nucleus
(c) Megaspore mother cell and antipodal cells
(d) Egg cell and antipodal cells
Answer: D

Question. What does the filiform apparatus do at the entrance into ovule?
(a) It brings about opening of the pollen tube.
(b) It guides pollen tube from a synergid to egg.
(c) It helps in the entry of pollen tube into a synergid.
(d) It prevents entry of more than one pollen tube into the embryo sac.
Answer: B

Question. Unisexuality of flowers prevents
(a) geitonogamy, but not xenogamy
(b) autogamy and geitonogamy
(c) autogamy, but not geitonogamy
(d) both geitonogamy and xenogamy.
Answer: C

Question. Which one of the following is resistant to enzyme action?
(a) Pollen exine
(b) Leaf cuticle
(c) Cork
(d) Wood fibre
Answer: A

Question. Male gametes in angiosperms are formed by the division of
(a) generative cell
(b) vegetative cell
(c) microspore mother cell
(d) microspore.
Answer: A

Question. Which one of the following is surrounded by a callose wall?
(a) Male gamete
(b) Egg
(c) Pollen grain
(d) Microspore mother cell
Answer: D

Question. Name the type of pollination that ensures genetic variation.

Ans. Xenogamy

Question. The plant Yucca and moth cannot complete their life cycle without each other. Why?

Ans. The moth deposits its eggs in locule of ovary and flower, in turn, gets pollinated by the moth.

Question. Give the other name of the following : pollen sacs , ovule , pollen grains ,embryo sacs.

Ans. Micro sporangia, Mega sporangium, Microspores, Female gametophyte.

Question. In case of polyembryony, an embryo develops from the synergids and another from the nucellus. Which is haploid and which is diploid?

Ans. Synergid embryo is haploid an nucellar embryo is diploid.

Question. Label the following

Ans.

Question. Lable the following.

Ans.

ONE MARK QUESTIONS:

1. An embryo sac formed directly from a nucellar cell. What is it called?

2. Can snails pollinate the flowers? What do you call such a pollination

Ans: Yes, Malacophily

3. Brightly coloured, scented flowers are pollinated by insects. How is it known as technically?

4. Study the following diagram and answer the question given at the end

CBSE_Class_12_Biology_HOTs_Sexual_Reproduction_In_Flowering_Plants

The anther dehisces in the line of dehiscence. State any two methods of dehiscence of anther.

Ans: By longitudinal introse, longitudinal extrose, by apical pores, by transverse splitting (any two)

5. The most biologically resistant material is seen in plants. Where do you see it in plants? What is it called?

6. What is the technique employed to preserve pollen grain for germplasm collection?

7. What are pollen baskets?

Bees- special structures- gather pollen

8. All the aquatic plants cannot use water for pollination - do you agree with this statement? Why?

9. Some plants have a mechanism of shedding of pollen before the maturation of stigma. Why?

Hint: Refer Outbreeding devices.

10. How does the production of unisexual flowers prevent self-pollination?

CBSE_Class_12_Biology_HOTs_Sexual_Reproduction_In_Flowering_Plants_2

11. From the above diagram , find out which regions form the bran.

Ans: Pericarp + Tip cap

12. The following diagram depicts a stage in the development of a pollen grain. The asymmetric spindle produces two cells. Name the cells.

CBSE_Class_12_Biology_HOTs_Sexual_Reproduction_In_Flowering_Plants_3

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS:

1. “Incompatibility is a natural barrier in the fusion of gametes” .Justify the statement.

2. Note the relationship between the first two words and suggest a suitable word for the fourth place

a) Euphorbia : Cyathium : Ocimum :______________

b) Mango : Eucarp : apple: _______________

3. Give reason :

a. Angiosperms show the process of double fertilization.

b. Flowers in Salvia plants show stamens with lever mechanisms.

Ans: a) syngamy, triple fusion – formation of endosperm, nurture the growing embryo

b) The anther lobes are separated by a long connective. One of the anthers is sterile

4. How would you explain seed set in papaya in the absence of male plant in close vicinity of a female plant?

5. Observe the following diagram and answer the questions given at the end

CBSE_Class_12_Biology_HOTs_Sexual_Reproduction_In_Flowering_Plants_4

a. Why should the polar nuclei fuse?

b. What facilitates the entry of male gamete into the ovule?

6. If a certain plant when introduced into a new environment neither produces seeds nor it responds to vegetative propagation. How can more plants be produced?

Hint: Tissue culture, meristem can be used.

7. In what ways does the study of pollination enrich our understanding of Biology and enable us to apply it for increasing crop productivity?

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS:

1. What is the fate of the following in the development of fruit and seed ?

a. Ovary wall –

b. Funicle –

c. Integuments –

2. Pollination and seed formation are very crucial for fruit formation. How will you explain this statement?

Hint: Pollination –prevents abscission of ovary, Auxins from pollengrain –initial development of ovary, seed- all phytohormones- fruit development.

3. “Apomictic genes are trying to be inserted in hybrid varieties” –Explain Refer page 39 of NCERT text book.

4. List any three mechanisms plants follow to overcome inbreeding depression.

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS:

1. a) “Dehydration of seed increases their shelf life” – Explain (2)

b) Cleistogamous flowers are strictly self pollinating,” Explain. What is the disadvantage of this phenomenon? (2)

c) Even after killing the generative cell with a laser beam, the pollen grain of a flowering plant germinates and produces normal pollen tube. How does it happen?

Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Question. The arrangement of the nuclei in a normal embryo sac in the dicot plants is
(a) 3 + 3 + 2
(b) 2 + 4 + 2
(c) 3 + 2 + 3
(d) 2 + 3 + 3
Answer: C

Question. Which one of the following represents an ovule, where the embryo sac becomes horse-shoe shaped and the funiculus and micropyle are close to each other?
(a) Amphitropous
(b) Circinotropous
(c) Atropous
(d) Anatropous
Answer: A

Question. An ovule which becomes curved so that the nucellus and embryo sac lie at right angles to the funicle is
(a) hemitropous
(b) campylotropous
(c) anatropous
(d) orthotropous
Answer: A

Question. Anthesis is a phenomenon which refers to
(a) reception of pollen by stigma
(b) formation of pollen
(c) development of anther
(d) opening of flower bud.
Answer: D

Question. In a flowering plant, archesporium gives rise to
(a) only the wall of the sporangium
(b) both wall and the sporogenous cells
(c) wall and the tapetum
(d) only tapetum and sporogenous cells.
Answer: B

Question. In angiosperm, all the four microspores of tetrad are covered by a layer which is formed by
(a) pectocellulose
(b) callose
(c) cellulose
(d) sporopollenin.
Answer: A

Question. What is the direction of micropyle in anatropous ovule?
(a) Upward
(b) Downward
(c) Right
(d) Left
Answer: B

Question. In grasses what happens in microspore mother cell for the formation of mature pollen grains?
(a) One meiotic and two mitotic divisions
(b) One meiotic and one mitotic divisions
(c) One meiotic division
(d) One mitotic division
Answer: B

Question. Anemophily type of pollination is found in
(a) Salvia
(b) bottlebrush
(c) Vallisneria
(d) coconut.
Answer: D

Question. Eight nucleated embryo sac is
(a) only monosporic
(b) only bisporic
(c) only tetrasporic
(d) any of these.
Answer: D

Question. If there are 4 cells in anthers, what will be the number of pollen grains?
(a) 16
(b) 12
(c) 8
(d) 4
Answer: A

Question. The anthesis is a phenomenon, which refers to
(a) development of anthers
(b) opening of flower bud
(c) stigma receptors
(d) all of these.
Answer: B

Question. In an angiosperm, how many microspore mother cells are required to produce 100 pollen grains?
(a) 75
(b) 100
(c) 25
(d) 50
Answer: C

Question. When pollen of a flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower of the same plant, the pollination is referred to as
(a) autogamy
(b) geitonogamy
(c) xenogamy
(d) allogamy.
Answer: B

Question. Embryo sac represents
(a) megaspore
(b) megagametophyte
(c) megasporophyll
(d) megagamete.
Answer: B

Question. Number of meiotic divisions required to produce 200/400 seeds of pea would be
(a) 200/400
(b) 400/800
(c) 300/600
(d) 250/500.
Answer: D

Question. Ovule is straight with funiculus, embryo sac, chalaza and micropyle lying on one straight line. It is
(a) orthotropous
(b) anatropous
(c) campylotropous
(d) amphitropous.
Answer: A

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS.

1) Do pollen grains survive in adverse conditions?
2) Non- albuminons seeds do not have endosperm, then from where do they take the food during germination?
3) T.S. of anther shows four layers in the wall-epidermis, endothelium, tapetum and middle layer, Arrange them from outermost to innermost.
4) Identify the figure given below and label the parts indicated in the figure.

class_12_Biology__Hots_1

5) Complete the flow chart.

class_12_Biology__Hots_2

6) If the number of chromosomes in the leaf cell of a flowering plant is 28, What number would you expect in the embryo and endosperm? 12 marks

7) (a) "The microspore is haploid while that of microspore mother cell is diploid" comment.
(b) How many male gametes and female gamets are produced by?
(i) Five microspore mother cell (ii) Five megaspore mother cell

8) (a) what is the process shown in the diagram given below?
(b)Name the structure at (a) of the figure given below

9) Why do you think that the zygote is dormant for some time in a fertilized ovule?

10) What will be the fate of ovule if the synergids are absent in the embryo sac?

11) Your friend would like to cross-pollinate the bisexual flower. How can you guide him to be successful in his experiment?

12) How does the flower of maize and cannabis are pollinated? What are the features found in these flowers for such type of pollination?

13) Generally nucellus does not persist in mature seeds. Cite two examples which show persistence of nucellus in the seed and what name is given to the persistent nucellulus?3

14) If one can induce parthenocarpy through the application of phytohormones, which fruit would you select to induce parthenocarpy and why?

15) A student wants to know the ploidy of coconut. After studying its different parts he inferred the ploidy of the following parts. Check whether the student is correct.

(a) Water inside the fruit-n

(b) White Kernal-2n

(d) Embryo-3n

(e) Tepal-2n

ANSWER2: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

Ans 1) Yes, sporopollenin is present in exine which is not digested by enzymes.

Ans 2) They take food from cotyledons

Ans 3) outer most- Epidermis

Endothecium

Middle layer

Inner most. Tapetum

Ans 4) A. vacuoles

B. Nucleus

Development of pollen grain

Ans 5) (i) Pollination

(ii) Geitonogamy

Ans 6) Embryo - 28

Endosperm - 42

Ans 7) (a) MMC under goes meiotic division to form microspores.

(b) (i) Male gametes-20

(ii) Female gamets-5

Ans 8) (a) Microsporogenesis

(b) Pollen grain tetrad.

Ans 9) Zygote divides only after the formation of endosperm because endosperm nourishes the developing embryo.

Ans 10) Synergids have filiform apparatus at the micropylar end which guides pollen tube into the egg apparatus, otherwise pollen tube may not enter to embryo sac, no fertilization.

Ans 11) Emasculation followed by artificial pollination, i.e. Pollens of selected plants have to be dusted on the stigma before bagging the flower.

Ans 12) By Wind

(i) Pollen grains are dry, light, produced in large quantity

(ii) stigma is hairy and feathery

Ans 13) (a) Black pepper and beet

(b) Perisperm

Ans 14) Orange, lemon, watermelon, Guava etc.

These seedless fruits are economically important Commercially viable for horticulturists.

15)

(a) 34

(b) 34

(d) 24

(e) 24

Important Questions for NCERT Class 12 Biology Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Question. The cyanobacteria are also referred to as
(a) protists
(b) golden algae
(c) slime moulds
(d) blue green algae.
Answer: B

Question. The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in production of antibiotics are the ones categorised as
(a) cyanobacteria
(b) archaebacteria
(c) chemosynthetic autotrophs
(d) heterotrophic bacteria.
Answer: A

Question. Male gametophyte in angiosperms produces
(a) single sperm and two vegetative cells
(b) three sperms
(c) two sperms and a vegetative cell
(d) single sperm and a vegetative cell.
Answer: C

Question. Which of the following are the important floral rewards to the animal pollinators ?
(a) Floral fragrance and calcium crystals
(b) Protein pellicle and stigmatic exudates
(c) Colour and large size of flower
(d) Nectar and pollen grains
Answer: D

Question. Which one of the following may require pollinators, but is genetically similar to autogamy?
(a) Apogamy
(b) Cleistogamy
(c) Geitonogamy
(d) Xenogamy
Answer: C

Question. Which one of the following statements is not true?
(a) The flowers pollinated by flies and bats secrete foul odour to attract them.
(b) Honey is made by bees by digesting pollen collected from flowers.
(c) Pollen grains are rich in nutrients and they are used in the form of tablets and syrups.
(d) Pollen grains of some plants cause severe allergies and bronchial afflictions in some people.
Answer: B

Question. The hilum is a scar on the
(a) fruit, where style was present
(b) seed, where micropyle was present
(c) seed, where funicle was attached
(d) fruit, where it was attached to pedicel.
Answer: C

Question. Transmission tissue is characteristic feature of
(a) dry stigma
(b) wet stigma
(c) hollow style
(d) solid style.
Answer: D

Question. Geitonogamy involves
(a) fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant
(b) fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from the same flower
(c) fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant in the same population
(d) fertilisation of a flower by the pollen from a flower of another plant belonging to a distant population.
Answer: A

Question. Pollen tablets are available in the market for
(a) in vitro fertilisation
(b) breeding programmes
(c) supplementing food
(d) ex situ conservation.
Answer: C

Question. Function of filiform apparatus is to
(a) recognise the suitable pollen at stigma
(b) stimulate division of generative cell
(c) produce nectar
(d) guide the entry of pollen tube.
Answer: D

Question. Advantage of cleistogamy is
(a) no dependence on pollinators
(b) vivipary
(c) higher genetic variability
(d) more vigorous offspring.
Answer: A

Question. Megasporangium is equivalent to
(a) nucellus
(b) ovule
(c) embryo sac
(d) fruit.
Answer: B

Question. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Endothecium produces the microspores.
(b) Tapetum nourishes the developing pollen.
(c) Hard outer layer of pollen is called intine.
(d) Sporogenous tissue is haploid.
Answer: B

Question. Animal vectors are required for pollination in
(a) Vallisneria
(b) mulberry
(c) cucumber
(d) maize.
Answer: C

Question. Megaspores are produced from the megaspore mother cells after
(a) mitotic division
(b) formation of thick wall
(c) differentiation
(d) meiotic division.
Answer: D

Question. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Cleistogamous flowers are always autogamous.
(b) Xenogamy occurs only by wind pollination.
(c) Chasmogamous flowers do not open at all.
(d) Geitonogamy involves the pollen and stigma of flowers of different plants.
Answer: A

Question. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Sporopollenin can be degraded by enzymes.
(b) Sporopollenin is made up of inorganic materials.
(c) Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures as well as strong acids and alkalis.
(d) Sporopollenin can withstand high temperatures but not strong acids.
Answer: C

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Chapter 01 Reproduction in Organisms
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Chapter 02 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants
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Chapter 03 Human Reproduction
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Chapter 04 Reproductive Health
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Chapter 05 Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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Chapter 06 Molecular Basis of Inheritance
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Chapter 07 Evolution
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Chapter 08 Human Health and Disease
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Chapter 09 Strategies for Enhancement In Food Production
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Chapter 10 Microbes In Human Welfare
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Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes
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HOTS for Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants Biology Class 12

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