CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Sources Of Energy

Please refer to CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Sources Of Energy. Download HOTS questions and answers for Class 10 Science. Read CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy below and download in pdf. High Order Thinking Skills questions come in exams for Science in Class 10 and if prepared properly can help you to score more marks. You can refer to more chapter wise Class 10 Science HOTS Questions with solutions and also get latest topic wise important study material as per NCERT book for Class 10 Science and all other subjects for free on Studiestoday designed as per latest CBSE, NCERT and KVS syllabus and pattern for Class 10

Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Science HOTS

Class 10 Science students should refer to the following high order thinking skills questions with answers for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy in Class 10. These HOTS questions with answers for Class 10 Science will come in exams and help you to score good marks

HOTS Questions Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Science with Answers

Question. Ocean thermal energy is produced due to
(a) pressure difference at different levels in the ocean.
(b) temperature difference at different levels in the ocean.
(c) energy stored by waves in the ocean.
(d) tides rising out of the ocean.

Answer : B

Question. Choose the correct statement 
(a) Sun can be taken as an inexhaustible source of energy
(b) There is infinite storage of fossil fuel inside the earth
(c) Hydro and wind energy plants are non-polluting
(d) Waste from a nuclear power plant can be easily disposed off

Answer : C

Question. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but still everybody discuss about the energy crisis because
(a) Energy transform into different form continuously.
(b) Usable form of energy is dissipated to the surroundings in less usable forms.
(c) Energy is consumed and cannot be used again.
(d) All of these

Answer : D

Question. The variety of coal which has the highest car-bon content
(a) Anthracite
(b) Peat
(c) Bituminous
(d) Lignite

Answer : A

Question. A device in which electricity is produced by the process of controlled nuclear fission reaction is called
(a) nuclear chain reaction
(b) hydel power plant
(c) nuclear reactor
(d) thermal power plant

Answer : C

Question. Which part of the solar cooker is responsible for green house effect? 
(a) Coating with black colour inside the box
(b) Mirror
(c) Glass sheet
(d) Outer cover of the solar cooker

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following is the ultimate source of energy?
(a) Water
(b) Sun
(c) Fossil fuels
(d) Uranium

Answer : B


(a) Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) The Assertion and the Reason are . correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) The statement of the Assertion is false but the Reason is true.

Question. Assertion: Wind energy farms cannot be established every where.
Reason: The wind energy farms can be established only at those places where wind blows for most part of the year.

Answer : A

Question. Assertion: Coke is a better fuel than coal.
Reason: Burning of coke cause air pollution.

Answer : C

Question. Assertion: Non-conventional sources of energy are the major source of energy for generating electricity in power plants.
Reason: Coal and petroleum are non- conventional energy sources.

Answer : D

Question. Assertion: Fuel has to be burnt to obtain heat energy.
Reason: The minimum temperature to which a fuel must be heated so that it may catch fire and start burning is known as ignition temperature.

Answer : B

Question. Assertion: The major constituent of biogas is methane.
Reason: Biogas is produced by the aerobic degradation by animal wastes like cow ding in the presence of water.

Answer : C

True and False :

Question. The use of turbine is essential for the production of electrical energy.
Answer: True

Question. The approximate percentage of energy met by India with the use of hydel energy is 25%. 
Answer: True

Question. Windmills require giant structural erection and vast space.
Answer: True

Question. New Zealand is called as “Country of Winds”.
Answer: False

Question. Fossil fuels do not cause pollution. 
Answer: True

Question. Acid rain is formed by acidic oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen.
Answer: True

Match Column I with Column II.

Question. Column I      Column II
(a) Fossil fuels              (i) Renewable
(b) Silicon                    (ii) Electrical energy
(c) Geothermal energy (iii) Depleting
(d) Turbine                  (iv) Solar cells Answer/Explanation
Answer:
(a) (iii)
(b) (iv)
(c) (i)
(d) (ii)

Question. Column I     Column II
(a) Black surface         (i) Water heaters
(b) Turbine                 (ii) Solar cell
(c) Semi conductors    (iii) Generators
(d) Digestor               (iv) Bio gas Answer/Explanation
Answer:
(a) (i)
(b) (iii)
(c) (ii)
(d) (iv)


Very Short Answer type Questions :

Question. Define source of energy.
Answer: A source of energy is one which can provide sufficient amount of energy in convenient manner over a long period of time.

Question. What is the minimum speed of wind to run a windmill to maintain the necessary speed of turbine of an electric generator?
Answer: 15 km/h.

Question. How do satellites get energy to operate all the devices ?
Answer: From solar energy conversion using solar cell panels.

Question. Which of the following power plants to produce electricity involves more running expenses and why? Thermal power station, hydro power station, an array of solar panel, wind energy farm or geothermal source.
Answer: Thermal power stations involve more running cost due to continuous use of coal.

Question. Name a device which can be used for cooking so as to save fuel.
Answer: Solar cooker.

Question. If you could use any source of energy for heating your food which one would you prefer? State one reason for your choice.
Answer: LPG because it does not leave any residue on burning.

Question. What do you mean by the term ‘thermal power plant’?
Answer: Thermal power plant is the power plant where coal is burnt to produce heat energy which is converted into electrical energy.

Question. Bio-gas is also known as gobar gas. Justify. 
Answer: Starting material for biogas is mainly cow-dung. So, it is also known as gobar gas.

Question. What is acid rain? 
Answer: The rain containing the acidic oxides such as oxides of carbon and traces of nitrogen and sulphur.

Question. Name the kind of energy possessed by wind and the device used to harness it.
Answer: Kinetic energy, wind mill.

Q.1.The cost of production of electricity in a thermal power station located in Bihar/Jharkhand/Orissa is less than in Gujarat/Maharashtra.Do you agree? Justify your answer.

Ans.1 It is because coal is available in Bihar/Jharkhand/Orissa locally, whereas it has to be transported for any thermal power plant in Gujarat/Maharashtra.

Q.2 Which of the following sources of electricity involves more running expenses and why? Thermal power station, Hydro power station, solar cells or Geothermal source.

Ans.2 Thermal power stations involve more running cost due to continuous use of coal.

Q.3 Why is there so much emphasis on changing over from petrol/diesel driven automobiles to CNG-driven vehicles?

Ans.3 CNG on burning produces only carbon dioxide and water -It does not produce smoke. -It does not leave unburnt hydrocarbons, lead particulates etc.

Q.4 Which of the following is not an example of the biomass energy source?

      (a) Wood,(b) gobar gas,(c) atomic energy,(d)coal.

Ans.4 Atomic energy is not an example of biomass energy source.

Q.5 How is the supply of electricity maintained in a windmill when there is no wind? In a solar panel when there is no sun?

Ans.5 In both the cases, the electricity generated is stored in a battery. This battery provides electricity when there is no wind in the case of a windmill and no sun in the case of a solar panel.

Q.6 Can any source of energy be pollution-free? Why or why not?

Ans. 6 No source of energy can be called pollution-free, because the use of any source of energy disturbs the environment in one way or the other. The actual source of energy may be pollution-free,but the assembly of the device might have caused some damage to the environment. So, in absolute sense, no source of energy can be called pollution-free.

Q.7 Why is biogas a better fuel than animal dung-cakes?

Ans. 7 Biogas is a better fuel than animal dung-cakes because- 

         (a) Burning of animal dung-cakes produces lot of pollution whereas biogas is a smokeless fuel.

         (b) The calorific value of Biogas is much higher than that of animal dung-cakes. 

         (c) Animal dung cakes leaves residue after burning whereas biogas leaves no residue.

Q.8 Though a hot iron emits radiation, yet it is not visible in the dark, why?

Ans. 8 Hot iron emits infra-red rays and these are not visible to our eyes.

Q.9 Define: OTE (ocean thermal energy).

Ans. 9 The energy available due to the difference in the temperature of water at the surface of the ocean and at deeper levels is called OTE.

Q.10 H2 has been used as a rocket fuel. Would you consider it as a cleaner fuel than CNG? Why or why not?

Ans. 10 H2 when burnt in presence of O2 produces H2O as the only product with release of lot of heat energy. Water does not cause any damage to environment while CNG during burning produces CO2 and water. CO2 is not a pollutant yet it leads to rise in the temperature (global warming), this rise is called green house effect and this will affect polar ice, and life on the earth is at risk. Thus, H2 is a cleaner fuel than CNG.

 

◊ Characteristics of a good fuel:
 
(iv) High calorific value
 
(v) Less smoke
 
(vi) Less residue after burning
 
(vii) Easy availability
 
(viii) Inexpensive
 
(ix) Easy to store and transport
 
◊ Fossil fuels: were formed millions of years ago, when plants and animal remains got buried under the earth and were subjected to high temperature and pressure conditions. E.g.: Coal, Petroleum, etc. These fossil fuels are non renewable sources of energy and cause environmental problems due to pollution.
 
◊Thermal power plants:
 
(i) Use coal, petroleum and natural gas to produce thermal electricity.
 
(ii) Electricity transmission is very efficient.
 
(iii) The steam produced by burning the fossil fuels runs the turbine to produce electricity.
 
◊ Hydro power plant:
 
(i) It is the most conventional renewable energy source obtained from water falling from a great height.
 
(ii) It is clean & non polluting source of energy.
 
(iii) Dams are constructed to collect water flowing in high altitude rivers. The stored water has a lot of potential energy.
 
(iv) When water is allowed to fall from a height, potential energy changes to kinetic energy, which rotates the turbines to produce electricity.
 
◊ Disadvantages of Hydro power plant:
 
(i) Highly expensive to construct.
 
(ii) Dams cannot be constructed on all river sites.
 
(iii) Large areas o human habitation and agricultural fields get submerged.
 
(iv) People face social and environmental problems.
 
◊ Non conventional sources:
 
(1) Bio mass:
o It is the source of the conventionally used fuels that are used in our country. E.g.: Cow dung cakes, fire-wood, coal, charcoal.
 
o Bio gas: It is a mixture of gases produced during decomposition of bio mass in the absence of Oxygen. (Anaerobic Respiration). Methane is the major component of bio gas.
 
o Bio gas plants: Animal dung, sewage, crop residues, vegetable wastes, poultry droppings, etc. are used to produce Bio gas in Bio gas plants.
 
o (Refer to figure 14.4, page no. 247 of N.C.E.R.T Text book)
 
(2) Wind energy:
o It can be converted into mechanical and electrical energy.
 
o Kinetic energy of the wind is used in running of wind mills, which are used to lift water, grind grains, etc.
 
o Wind mill-(Refer to figure 14.5, page no. 247 of N.C.E.R.T Text book)
 
o Advantages: (i) Eco friendly (ii) Renewable
 
o Disadvantages: (i) Wind speed not uniform always.
                          (ii) Needs a large area to erect series of wind mills.
                         (iii) Big amount of investment is needed.
                         (iv) Out put is less as compared to investment
 
(3) Solar energy:
o Solar radiations can be converted electricity through solar cells (photovoltaic cells).
 
o Photovoltaic cells convert solar radiations directly into electricity through silicon solar cells.
 
o Solar cells arrange on a large flat sheets form a solar panel.
 
o Solar cookers are painted black from outside and a large glass plate to trap solar radiations by green house effect.
 
o (Refer to figure 14.6, page no. 249 of N.C.E.R.T Text book)
 
o Advantages of Solar cookers:
(i) Eco friendly
(ii) Renewable
(iii) Used in rural areas.
(iv) Retains all the nutrients in food due to slow cooking.
 
o Disadvantages of solar cooker:
 
(i) Silicon cells are expensive.
(ii) Solar radiations are not uniform over earth‘s surface.
(iii) Cannot be used at night or on cloudy days.
(iv) Cannot be used to make chapattis for frying as these require a temperature of 1400C or more.
 
(Maximum temperature of 1000C only can be achieved in a solar cooker)
 
o Other solar devices- Solar water heater, Solar furnace
 
(4) Geo thermal energy:
(i) Energy harnessed from the heat of the sun is called Geo thermal energy.
 
(ii) Magma is formed when this heat melts the rocks. The molten rocks and hot gases are called magma
 
(iii) The magma gets collected at some depths below the earth‘s surfaces. These places are called  'Hot spots'.
 
(iv) When underground water comes in contact these hot spots, it changes into steam, which can be used to generate electricity.
 
o Advantages of Geo thermal energy:
(i) Renewable
(ii) Inexpensive
 
o Disadvantages of Geo thermal energy:
(i) Only few sites available for harnessing energy.
(ii) Expensive
 
(5) Nuclear energy:
(i) Energy released when some changes take place in the nucleus of the atom of a substance, is called Nuclear energy.
(ii) It is used for heat generation, fuel for marine vessels.
 
o Advantages of Nuclear energy:
(i) Alternative source of energy due to depletion of fossil fuels.
(ii) From a small amount of fuel, a large amount of energy is released.
 
o Disadvantages of Nuclear energy:
(i) Risk of nuclear waste leakage
(ii) High cost of setting up of nuclear plant
(iii) Pollution of environment.
 
(6) Energy from the sea-
 
(A) Tidal energy: Locations in India –Gulf of Kutch, Gujrat & W. Bengal
 
(i) Depends upon harnessing the rise and fall of sea level due to tidal action.
 
(ii) Dams are constructed across a narrow part of sea and turbine converts tidal energy into electrical energy.
 
Disadvantages: Uniform tidal action is not seen
(B) Wave energy:
(i) Kinetic energy of the waves of sea are used to rotate turbines..
(ii) These turbines generate electrical energy
 
♦ Important diagrams-
1. Hydro power plant
2. Bio gas plant
3. A wind mill
4. A solar cooker
 
HOTS QUESTIONS (SOLVED)
 
Question. Name the materials used for making solar cells.
Answer: Silicon, Germanium and Selenium
 
Question. What fraction of solar energy reaches the earth‘s surface?
Answer: 47%
 
Question. Name the process that produces a large amount of energy in the sun.
Answer: Nuclear fusion
 
Question. Why is biogas called a clean fuel?
Answer: Because it- (i) leaves no ash (ii) does not cause pollution (iii) does not produce any poisonous gas.
 
Question. Why Hydrogen cannot be used as a domestic fuel?
Answer: Hydrogen cannot be used as a domestic fuel, in spite of its high calorific value, because it is explosive in nature and difficult to store & transport.
 
Question. What are OTEC power plants? How do they operate?
Answer: (i) It is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion.
 
(ii) These plants can operate if the temperature difference between water at the surface and water at depths up to 2 km is 293K (200C) or more.
 
(iii) The warm surface water is used to boil a volatile liquid like Ammonia. The vapour of the liquid is used to turn the turbine.
 
(iv) The cold water from the depth is pumped up and condensed water again changes into vapour.
 
Question. Though wood is renewable source of energy, but the use of wood as a fuel is not wise decision. Explain.
Answer: Wood is obtained by cutting trees. A newly plant sapling usually takes about 10-15 years to grow and mature into a tree. Cutting of trees on a large scale cases depletion of forests leading to disturbance of balance in nature. The balance between Oxygen & Carbon dioxide is also disturbed. Therefore the use of wood as a fuel is not wise decision
 
Question. Explain, why a sheet of glass is used in solar heating devices?
Answer: Glass has a property that allows the infra red rays of short wavelength from the sun to get in the device but does not allow infra red rays of long wavelength to leave the solar heating device. Therefore, heat is trapped inside the heating device. A kind of green house effect is produced, which helps to increase the temperature inside the heating device.
 
Question. Explain, why is a reflector used in a solar cooker?
Answer: The reflector is used to increase the area over which the solar energy is collected so that more and more heat rays of the sun enter the solar cooker. It increases the efficiency of solar cooker.
 

Fill in the Blanks :

Question. In the wind energy farms, the wind speed should be higher than ………. to maintain the required speed of the turbine.
Answer: 15 km/h

Question. ______________ reaction is more powerful than a fission reaction.
Answer: Fusion

Question. Biogas is an excellent fuel as it contains 75% ………. along with other gases like ………., ………. and ………. .
Answer: methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide

Question. Mirrors used for solar cooker are ______________ .
Answer: convex

Question. Ocean thermal energy is used to boil ______________ before running the turbine.
Answer: Ammonia

Question. The energy available due to the difference in the temperature of water at the surface of the ocean and at deeper levels is called ………. .
Answer: Ocean thermal energy

Very Short Answer type Questions :
Question. Name the place in India where the largest wind energy farm has been established and how much electricity does it generate?
Answer: It is established near Kanyakumari is Tamil Nadu and it generates 380 MW of electricity.

Question. Why the dams for generating hydroelectricity can be built only in the hilly areas or at the foothill?
Answer: It is because to generate hydroelectricity water can fall from a considerable height.

Question. The cost of production of electricity in a thermal power station located in Bihar/ Jharkhand/Orissa is lesser than in Gujarat/ Maharashtra. Do you agree? Justify your answer. 
Answer: Yes, it is because in Bihar/Jharkhand/Orissa, coal for thermal power plant is locally available whereas it has to be transported for any thermal power plant to be located in Gujrat/Maharashtra.

Question. Write the energy conversion that takes place in a hydropower plant. 
Answer: The energy transformation taking place at hydropower plants is shown below:

Question. List two non-conventional source of energy. 
Answer: Geothermal, solar, biomass, water, wind are the non-convention source of energy, 

Question. Name the main component of solar cell. 
Answer: Solar cell consists of different thin layers of silicon.

Question. Name the microorganism which decompose slurry into biogas.
Answer: Anaerobic bacteria.

Question. List two nutrients that the slurry left behind in the biogas plant contain. 
Answer: Nitrogen and phosphorous.

Question. Which metal is used to connect various solar cells?
Answer: Silver.

Question. Why are the coal, petroleum and natural gas called fossil fuels?
Answer: Coal, petroleum and natural gas, the common sources of energy, being organic (biotic) in their origin and formed over a long period of time are called fossil fuels.

Question. Name the part of a biogas plant where reactions take place in the absence of oxygen.
Answer: Digester chamber.

Question. In the given flow chart of energy conversion during hydroelectric power generation,fill in the blanks with appropriate answer.
CBSE_Class_10_Science_Source_of_Energy_1
Answer: Dynamo.
 
Question. Consider two solar cooker, one covered with a plane glass plate and other kept open. Which of the two cooker would be more efficient and why?
Answer: Solar cooker with covered glass slab, as it will show green house effect.
 
Question. Give one reason how increasing depandance on nuclear power generation is a threat for future generation?
Answer: Radiation emitted during leakage can change the genetic arrangement or disposal to nuclear waste.
 
Question. Give two ways in which animal dung can be used as fuel. Which way is better and why?
Answer: As dung cake and as Biogas.. Biogas is better because it spreads less pollution and has more calorific value.
 
Question. The wind velocity at three places A,B and C are 5Km/hr,15Km/hr,10Km/hr respectively. Which is the most suitable place for installing wind mill & why?
Answer: B, Maximum velocity required is 15km/h. At lower speed it will not work. At very high speed it may break the blades.
 
Question. What are two advantages of charcoal over wood as fuel?
Answer: High calorific value & pollution free
 
Question. How difference in temperature helps to harness energy from ocean?
Answer: The difference in temperature helps to obtain energy in ocean- thermal – energy conservation plants, which operate for temperature difference of 20о C or more. The warm surface water is used to boil a volatile liquid . The vapours of the liquid are used to run the turbine of generator , the cold water from the depth of the ocean is pumped up and condense vapour again to liquid.
 
Question. Mention any two reasons, why wood is not preferred as fuel.
Answer: (i) Burning wood causes pollution
-(ii)Excess use of wood would cause deforestation.
 
Question. Write three reasons why construction of Tehri Dam on river Ganga and Sardar Sarovar project on river Narmada is opposed by local people and environmentalist?
Answer: (i) Rehabilitation problems, loss of agricultural land.
(ii)Disturbance of ecological balance.
(iii) Forming of green house gases due to decomposition of plant in water.
 
Question. Write three environmental consequences of the various source of energy we used?
Answer: Green house effect, improper use of natural resources, pollution.

Chap-1 Sources of energy

Question 1: Which part of the solar cooker is responsible for green house effect?

Answer: The glass sheet in the solar cooker creates a green house effect. Glass sheet has a property that allows the infrared rays of shorter wavelength from the sun to get in the device but does not allow the infrared rays of longer wavelength to leave the solar heating device. Therefore, heat energy is trapped inside the heating device.

Question 2: Though wood is a renewable source of energy but the use of wood as a fuel is not a wise decision. Explain.

Answer: Wood is renewable source of energy. It is obtained by cutting trees. A new plant sapling usually takes more than 15 years to grow and mature into a tree. Therefore replenishment of cut down trees take a very long time. It causes depletion of forest leading to imbalance in nature. Due to unsuitable layer and the above reasons, usage of wood is not a wise decision.

Question 3: Wavelength of radiation incident on a surface is 850 nm. Will the surface become visible when exposed to this radiation? Explain.

Answer: As we know the range of wavelength of visible radiation is from 400nm to 700nm. The radiation having wavelength greater than 700 nm is termed as infrared radiations which only produces warmth, so the wavelength of radiation 850nm cannot be visible

 

Revision Notes for Class 10 Physics Sources of Energy

Non-Conventional Sources of Energy
 
Non-conventional sources of energy are also known as renewable or alternative sources of energy. These resources have been developed in the recent past as an alternative to conventional or non-renewable sources of energy. Some examples are wind energy, solar energy,
geothermal energy, tidal energy and bio gas. Non-conventional resources are known as energy resources of the future.
 
Sola
 
Solar Energy
India is a tropical country which gets adequate sunlight. Most parts of the country have 300 clear sunny days in a year.
In India, solar energy is generated in the following ways:
 
 
Solar cells
Also known as photovoltaic cells, the solar cells are made of thin wafers of semi-conductor materials from silicon and gallium. When sun’s energy falls on them, electricity is generated.
Sola-
¶ Solar cells are widely used in calculators, electronic watches, street lightening, traffic signals and water pumps. 
¶ A group of solar cells joined together in a solar panel can give a large amount of solar energy.
 
 
Solar Cooker
¶ The solar cookers use solar heat by reflecting solar radiations with the help of a mirror on to a glass sheet which cover the black insulated box.
¶ The raw food is kept in the black insulated box in the solar cooker. The box is insulated from outside so that heat does not escapes.
¶ The heated box emits red radiation which is retained because of the opaque glass. As a result, the significant amount of the energy entering the oven is retained.
¶ Of late, spherical reflectors are being used instead of plane mirror because the former has more heating effect and has greater efficiency.
 
Solar Water Heater
 
Sola1
 
¶ Water can be heated using solar energy. Sunlight is allowed to fall on flat plate collectors which are shallow rectangular trays filled with water.
¶ It consists of an insulated box painted black from inside with a glass lid to collect and store solar heat.
¶ In the box, there is black painted copper coil through which the cold water flows in. When the coil gets heated, the water too gets heated and flows into a storage tank.
 
 
Advantages of Solar Energy
¶ It is a cleaner and a renewable source of energy.
¶ It can be used for various purposes such as to produce electricity in areas which do not have an access to energy grid and to distill water in regions which have limited clean water supplies.
¶ Solar energy systems do not require a lot of maintenance.
¶ It saves fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum and also reduces energy bills.
 
 
Wind Energy
Wind is an inexpensive, reliable and a cleaner source of energy.
 
Generation of Wind Energy
¶ Windmills are used for generating electricity. The blades of the wind mill rotate due to the force of the wind. This rotational motion of the blades is used for driving a number of machines such as water pumps, flourmills and electric generators.
¶ Several windfarms are installed in a definite pattern in clusters called ‘wind farms’. Wind farms are generally installed in coastal regions, open grasslands and hilly regions. The Indian wind programme is the fifth largest in the world.
Sola2
¶ In India, largest wind farm cluster is located from Many housing societies have started installing solar panels on the top of their house for lightening lobbies and heating water.
¶ Nagarcoil to Madurai in Tamil Nadu. Important wind farms are also located in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala, Lakshadweep and Maharashtra.
 
Advantages
¶ It is a renewable source of energy.
¶ It does not produces pollution. Thus, it is a cleaner source of energy.
¶ It reduces our dependence on the fossil fuels.
¶ Wind turbines can be built on existing agricultural farms. This greatly benefits the economy in rural areas, where most of the best wind sites are found.
¶ Land owners can earn additional income by installing wind turbines on land that can be used for domestic consumption.
 
 
Tidal Energy
Tides are caused due to the periodic rise and fall of ocean waters produced by the attraction of the moon and the sun. This rise and fall of ocean waters produces a large amount of energy known as tidal energy.
 
Generation of Tidal Energy
¶ The tidal energy is harnessed by constructing a tidal barrage.
¶ During high tide, the sea water flows into the reservoir of the barrage and turns the turbine which in turn produces electricity by rotating generators.
¶ The reverse process takes place during the low tide. The sea water stored in a barrage reservoirs flows out into the sea. During this process, the flowing water turns the turbines.
¶ In India, the prospective site for exploiting tidal energy are Gulf of Kutch, Cambay and Sunderbans. Other suitable sites are located near Lakshadweep Islands and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
 
Sola3
 
Geothermal Energy
When the heat obtained from the earth is used for generating electricity, it is known as geothermal electricity. As the interiors of the Earth are hot, the heat energy may at times surface itself in the form of hot springs. This energy can be used for the generation of electricity.
 
Generation of Geothermal Energy
¶ The extremely high temperatures in the deeper geothermal reservoirs are used for the generation of electricity.
¶ Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a well under high pressure. 
¶ When water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped that causes the water to turn into steam. The steam spins the turbine which then rotates a generator and produces energy.
¶ The steam cools off in the cooling tower and condenses back to water. The cooled water is then pumped back again under the surface of the earth to begin the process again.
 
Advantages
¶ Because of its extensive distribution, geothermal energy is easily accessible.
¶ It is environment friendly because of the low sulphur emission, carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases.
¶ It is not influenced by weather and seasons.
¶ It is independent of external supply and demand effects and fluctuations of exchange rates.
 
Distribution
¶ India has a potential to produce about 12,000MW of geothermal energy.
¶ In India, geothermal plants are located in Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and Puga valley in Ladakh. The hot springs have been grouped together and termed as different geothermal provinces.
¶ These regions are the Himalayan geothermal province, Naga-Lushai geothermal province, Andaman and Nicobar Islands geothermal province and Cambay graben, Son-Narmada-Tapti graben, West coast, Damodar Valley, Mahanadi Valley and Godavari Valley.
 
 
Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is obtained from energy stored in the nuclei of atoms of naturally occurring radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium and plutonium.
 
Generation of Nuclear Energy
¶ Nuclear fission is the process in which a large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei with the release of energy.
¶ Nuclear fission produces heat which is then used for heating water and producing steam.
¶ The steam turns the turbine which in turn is used to run generators resulting in the production of electricity.
¶ Two main types of reactors used to generate electricity are the pressurised and boiling water reactors. In the former, because the water is pressurised, it does not boil.
¶ This heated water is circulated through tubes in generators which then turns the turbine.
¶ In boiling water reactor, the water is boiled due to the heat produced by nuclear reaction and turns into steam to turn the turbine.
¶ Water is reused in both systems.
 
Distribution
Nuclear power is the fourth largest source of electricity in India. India has 21 nuclear reactors.
Uranium and thorium are used for generating nuclear power. The Monazite sands of Kerala are also rich in thorium.
 
Advantages
¶ Nuclear energy is a renewable source of energy and it reduced the dependency on fossil fuels for the generation of energy.
¶ It saves on the cost of raw materials. Its transportation and handling cost is also minimal.
¶ It initiates a continuous process of energy production. A nuclear power plant generates electricity for almost 90% of annual time.
¶ It reduces price vitality of other fuels such as petrol.
 
Biogas
Biogas is a renewable source of energy which is generated by anaerobic degradation (breaking down of organic matter by bacteria in the absence of oxygen) of plant and animal wastes in presence of water. Biogas is composed of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide.
 
Generation of Biogas
Sola4
 
 
Advantages
¶ Biogas is a clean, non-polluting and cheap source of energy.
¶ There is direct supply of gas from the plant, therefore, there is no storage problem.
¶ The sludge left behind is a rich fertiliser containing bacterial biomass.
The Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources has been promoting the Biogas Pragramme in India. It has set up a number of bio gas plant across the country.
 
Sola5
Chapter 01 Chemical Reactions and Equations
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chapter 02 Acids Bases Salts
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Acids Bases And Salts
Chapter 03 Metals and Non-Metals
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Metals and Non Metals
Chapter 04 Carbon and Its Compound
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Carbon And its Compounds
Chapter 05 Periodic Classification of Elements
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Periodic Classification of Elements
Chapter 06 Life Processes
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Life Processes
Chapter 07 Control and Coordination
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Control And Coordination
Chapter 08 How do the Organisms Reproduce
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs How Do Organisms Reproduce
Chapter 09 Heredity And Evolution
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Heredity And Evolution
Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Reflection and Refraction
Chapter 11 Human Eyes and Colourful World
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Human Eye and Colourful World
Chapter 12 Electricity
CBSE Class 10 Physics HOTs Electricity
Chapter 13 Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Sources Of Energy
Chapter 15 Our Environment
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Our Environment
Chapter 16 Sustainable Management of Natural Resources
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Management of Natural Resources
More HOTs for Class 10 Science
CBSE Class 10 Science HOTs Question Bank

HOTS for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Science Class 10

Expert teachers of studiestoday have referred to NCERT book for Class 10 Science to develop the Science Class 10 HOTS. If you download HOTS with answers for the above chapter you will get higher and better marks in Class 10 test and exams in the current year as you will be able to have stronger understanding of all concepts. High Order Thinking Skills questions practice of Science and its study material will help students to have stronger understanding of all concepts and also make them expert on all critical topics. You can easily download and save all HOTS for Class 10 Science also from www.studiestoday.com without paying anything in Pdf format. After solving the questions given in the HOTS which have been developed as per latest course books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 10 Science designed by our teachers. We have also provided lot of MCQ questions for Class 10 Science in the HOTS so that you can solve questions relating to all topics given in each chapter. After solving these you should also refer to Class 10 Science MCQ Test for the same chapter

Where can I download latest CBSE HOTS for Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

You can download the CBSE HOTS for Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy for latest session from StudiesToday.com

Are the Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy HOTS available for the latest session

Yes, the HOTS issued by CBSE for Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy have been made available here for latest academic session

What does HOTS stand for in Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

HOTS stands for "Higher Order Thinking Skills" in Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Science. It refers to questions that require critical thinking, analysis, and application of knowledge

How can I improve my HOTS in Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

Regular revision of HOTS given on studiestoday for Class 10 subject Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy can help you to score better marks in exams

Are HOTS questions important for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Science exams

Yes, HOTS questions are important for Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Science exams as it helps to assess your ability to think critically, apply concepts, and display understanding of the subject.