NCERT Class 9 History Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

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NCERT Book for Class 9 Social Science India and the Contemporary WorldI Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Class 9 Social Science students should refer to the following NCERT Book India and the Contemporary WorldI Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler in Class 9. This NCERT Book for Class 9 Social Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

India and the Contemporary WorldI Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler NCERT Book Class 9

 

 

Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

In the spring of 1945, a little eleven-year-old German boy called Helmuth was lying in bed when he overheard his parents discussin something in serious tones. His father, a prominent physician,  deliberated with his wife whether the time had come to kill the entire family, or if he should commit suicide alone. His father spoke about his fear of revenge, saying, ‘Now the Allies will do to us what we did to the crippled and Jews.’ The next day, he took Helmuth to the woods, where they spent their last happy time together, singing old children’s songs. Later, Helmuth’s father shot himself in his office. Helmuth remembers that he saw his father’s bloody uniform being burnt in the family fireplace. So traumatised was he by what he had overheard and what had happened, that he reacted by refusing to eat at home for the following nine years! He was afraid that his mother might poison him. Although Helmuth may not have realised all that it meant, his father had been a Nazi and a supporter of Adolf Hitler. Many of you will know something about the Nazis and Hitler. You probably know of Hitler’s determination to make Germany into a mighty power and his ambition of conquering all of Europe. You may have heard that he killed Jews. But Nazism was not one or two isolated acts. It was a system, a structure of ideas about the world and politics. Let us try and understand what Nazism was all about. Let us see why

Helmuth’s father killed himself and what the basis of his fear was. In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies. Anticipating what was coming, Hitler, his propaganda minister Goebbels and his entire family committed suicide collectively in his Berlin bunker in April. At the end of the war, an International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg was set up to prosecute Nazi war criminals for Crimes against Peace, for War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity. Germany’s conduct during the war, especially those actions which came to be called Crimes Against Humanity, raised serious moral and ethical questions and invited worldwide condemnation. What were these acts?

Under the shadow of the Second World War, Germany had waged a genocidal war, which resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent civilians of Europe. The number of people killed included 6 million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish civilians, 70,000 Germans who were considered mentally and physically disabled, besides innumerable political opponents. Nazis devised an unprecedented means of killing people, that is, by gassing them in various killing centres like Auschwitz. The Nuremberg Tribunal sentenced only eleven leading Nazis to death. Many others were imprisoned for life. The retribution did come, yet the punishment of the Nazis was far short of the brutality and extent of their crimes. The Allies did not want to be as harsh on defeated Germany as they had been after the First World War.

Everyone came to feel that the rise of Nazi Germany could be partly traced back to the German experience at the end of the First World War. Birth of the Weimar Republic Germany, a powerful empire in the early years of the twentieth century, fought the First World War (1914-1918) alongside the Austrian empire and against the Allies (England, France and Russia.) All joined the war enthusiastically hoping to gain from a quick victory. Little did they realise that the war would stretch on, eventually draining Europe of all its resources. Germany made initial gains by occupying France and Belgium. However the Allies, strengthened by the US entry in 1917, won , defeating Germany and the Central Powers in November 1918.

The defeat of Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gave an opportunity to parliamentary parties to recast German polity. A National Assembly met at Weimar and established a democratic constitution with a federal structure. Deputies were now elected to the German Parliament or Reichstag, on the basis of equal and universal votes cast by all adults including women.

This republic, however, was not received well by its own people largely because of the terms it was forced to accept after Germany’s defeat at the end of the First World War. The peace treaty at Versailles with the Allies was a harsh and humiliating peace. Germany lost its overseas colonies, a tenth of its population, 13 per cent of its territories, 75 per cent of its iron and 26 per cent of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania. The Allied Powers demilitarised Germany to weaken its power. The War Guilt Clause held Germany responsible for the war and damages the Allied countries suffered. Germany was forced to pay compensation amounting to £6 billion. The Allied armies also occupied the resource-rich Rhineland for much of the 1920s. Many Germans held the new Weimar Republic responsible for not only the defeat in the war but the disgrace at Versailles.

QUESTION

1. Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.

2. Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.

3. What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?

4. Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.

5. Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.

6. In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people ?

 

Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 9 History Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Chapter 01 The Story of Village Palampur
CBSE Class 9 Economics The Story of Village Palampur
Chapter 02 People as Resource
CBSE Class 9 Economics People as Resource
Chapter 03 Poverty as a Challenge
CBSE Class 9 Economics Poverty as a Challenge
Chapter 04 Food Security in India
CBSE Class 9 Economics Food Security in India
Contemporary India Chapter 01 India Size and Location
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India India Size and Location
Contemporary India Chapter 02 Physical Features of India
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India Physical Features of India
Contemporary India Chapter 03 Drainage
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India Drainage
Contemporary India Chapter 04 Climate
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India Climate
Contemporary India Chapter 05 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Contemporary India Chapter 06 Population
NCERT Class 9 Geography Contemporary India Population
Democratic Politics I Chapter 01 What is Democracy?
NCERT Class 9 Political Science What is Democracy
Democratic Politics I Chapter 02 Constitutional Design
NCERT Class 9 Political Science Constitutional Design
Democratic Politics I Chapter 03 Electoral Politics
NCERT Class 9 Political Science Electoral Politics
Democratic Politics I Chapter 04 Working of Institutions
NCERT Class 9 Political Science Working of Institutions
Democratic Politics I Chapter 05 Democratic Rights
NCERT Class 9 Political Science Democratic Rights
India and the Contemporary World-I Chapter 01 The French Revolution
NCERT Class 9 History The French Revolution
India and the Contemporary World-I Chapter 02 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
NCERT Class 9 History Socialism in Europe
India and the Contemporary World-I Chapter 03 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
NCERT Class 9 History Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
India and the Contemporary World-I Chapter 04 Forest Society and Colonialism
NCERT Class 9 History Forest Society and Colonialism
India and the Contemporary World-I Chapter 05 Pastoralists in the Modern World
NCERT Class 9 History Pastoralists in the Modern World

NCERT Book Class 9 Social Science India and the Contemporary WorldI Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

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