CBSE Class 12 Sociology Sample Paper 2021 Set A Solved

 

(a) Natural, Social (b) Social, Natural

(c) Desirable, undesirable (d) Economic, racial

 

(a) Illiteracy (b) Socio-cultural beliefs

(c) Economic condition (d) Preference for girl child

 

I. Poorer sections of the socially dominant rural groups

II. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

III. Women

IV. Children

(a) I and II (b) II and III (c) I and IV (d) I and III

 

(a) Wholism-hierarchy and difference and separation

(b) Segmental division and hereditary occupation

(c) Exogamy and endogamy

(d) Purity and pollution

 

(a) Socialisation (b) Secularisation

(c) Globalisation (d) Marketisation

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) Both (A) and (R) are false.

(d) (A) is false and (R) is true.

 

(a) Replacement level (b) Negative growth

(c) Positive growth (d) High birth rate

 

(a) Number of live births in the reproductive age group

(b) Age specific fertility rate

(c) Sex ratio

(d) Number of women in the child-bearing age group

 

(a) High birth rate and high death rate (b) Low birth rate and low death rate

(c) High birth rate and low death rate (d) Low birth rate and high death rate

 

(a) heavy in-migration of non-tribals

(b) accommodation of tribal identity

(c) climate change

(d) community-based forms of collective ownership

 

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) Both (A) and (R) are false.

(d) (A) is true and (R) is false.

 

(a) Patrilocal (b) Matrilocal (c) Avunculocal (d) neolocal

 

(a) Khasi matriliny generates intense role conflict for men.

(b) Women possess only token authority in Khasi society.

(c) Men are more adversely affected than the women by the role conflict among Khasis.

(d) The system is weighted in favour of male matri-kin rather than male patri-kin.

(a) land revenue settlements and related arrangements and laws gave legal recognition to the customary (caste-based) rights of the upper castes.

(b) Large scale irrigation schemes like the ones in the Punjab were accompanied by efforts to settle populations there, and these also had a caste dimension.

(c) Colonial state did not work for the welfare of the downtrodden.

(d) Direct attempt to count caste and to officially record caste status changed the institution itself.

 

(a) Nations are easy to define and hard to describe.

(b) States are difficult to define.

(c) Nations are easy to describe and hard to define.

(d) States cannot be described.

 

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true and (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false and (R) is true.

 

(a) They are religious minorities and economically well-off.

(b) They are not politically vulnerable.

(c) They do not need any special protection because of their demographic dominance.

(d) They do not face any risk from majority community.

 

(a) Large-scale migration (b) Modern capitalism

(c) Colonialism (d) Assimilation and integration

 

(a) Communalism is about politics not about religion.

(b) It cultivates an aggressive political identity.

(c) It is a recurrent source of tension and violence.

(d) A communalist is always a devout person.

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) Both (A) and (R) are false.

(d) (A) is true and (R) is false.

 

(a) dalits may build their own temple

(b) convert to another religion

(c) social exclusion is voluntary

(d) they may no longer desire to be included in the Hindu temple or religious events

 

(a) Internal colonialism (b) British rule

(c) Incompetency of tribal groups (d) Lack of unity among tribal groups

 

(a) Political organisation (b) Contributions to literature

(c) People’s movements (d) Legislations only

 

(a) Presence of social inclusion (b) Presence of equality

(c) Presence of social stratification (d) Presence of homogeneity

 

 

(a) Increase in birth rate (b) decrease in birth rate

(c) High life expectancy (d) High fertility rate

 

(a) Developing (b) Developed (c) Underdeveloped (d) Primitive

 

(a) Demographic dividend (b) Low dependency ratio

(c) Relatively low death rate (d) High birth rate

Several factors may be held responsible for the decline in the child sex ratio, including severe neglect of girl babies in infancy, leading to higher death rates; sex-specific abortions that prevent girl babies from being born; and female infanticide (or the killing of girl babies due to religious or cultural beliefs). Each of these reasons point to a serious social problem, and there is some evidence that all of these have been at work in India. Practices of female infanticide have been known to exist in many regions, while increasing importance is being attached to modern medical techniques by which the sex of the baby can be determined in the very early stages of pregnancy. The availability of the sonogram (an x-ray like diagnostic device based on ultra-sound technology), originally developed to identify genetic or other disorders in the foetus, are used to identify and selectively abort female foetuses. The regional pattern of low child sex ratios seems to support this argument. It is striking that the lowest child sex ratios are found in the most prosperous regions of India.

 

(a) Poverty (b) Preference for male child

(c) Dowry payments (d) Cost of education

 

(a) Stricter laws only (b) Severe punishment

(c) Abstaining from having children (d) Change in social attitudes

 

(a) Old age insurance (b) Carrying ahead family line

(c) Economic security (d) Increasing number of nuclear families

The present study…deals with a Muslim biradri (community) called the Multani Lohars. ... Karkhanedar is a vernacular term used for a person engaged in the business of manufacturing of which he is generally the owner…The karkhanas under study operate in domestic conditions and, therefore, have certain pervasive effects on the life of the karkhanedars who work in them. …The following case illustrates this. Mahmood, aged forty years, was living with his two younger brothers, one of whom was married.

He had three children and was the head of the complex household. …All the three brothers were employed in various karkhanas and factories as skilled workers. Mahmood successfully fabricated replica of a motor part the import of which had been banned. This greatly encouraged him to start his own karkhana…Later it was decided that two karkhanas should be set up to manufacture the motor part.

One was to be owned by the two elder brothers, and the other by the youngest, provided he set up a separate household. Rasheed set up an independent household, consisting of his wife and unmarried children. Therefore, one complex household, comprising three married brothers, gave birth to a simple household as a result of new entrepreneurial opportunities. Excerpted from S.M. Akram Rizvi, ‘Kinship and Industry among the Muslim Karkhanedars in Delhi’, in Imtiaz Ahmad, ed. Family, Kinship and Marriage among Muslims in India, New Delhi, Manohar, 1976, pp. 27- 48.

 

(a) Matriarchal (b) Patriarchal (c) Matrilocal (d) Neolocal

 

(a) Cultural ideas (b) Norms

(c) Values (d) Hierarchical stratification in society

 

(a) A household with more than one family

(b) A household with no clear authority figure

(c) A household with egalitarian decision making

(d) A household with no married couples

Strictly speaking, the ‘untouchable’ castes are outside the caste hierarchy – they are considered to be so ‘impure’ that their mere touch severely pollutes members of all other castes, bringing terrible punishment for the former and forcing the latter to perform elaborate purification rituals. In fact, notions of ‘distance pollution’ existed in many regions of India (particularly in the south) such that even the mere presence or the shadow of an ‘untouchable’ person is considered polluting.

 

(a) prohibition from sharing drinking water sources

(b) participating in collective religious worship

(c) wearing clean clothes

(d) imposition of gestures of deference

 

(a) derogatory (b) respectful

(c) neutral (d) loaded with a positive charge

 

(a) I, II (b) II, III (c) III, IV (d) I, IV

 

Another set of complications is created by the tension between the Indian state’s simultaneous commitment to secularism as well as the protection of minorities. The protection of minorities requires that they be given special consideration in a context where the normal working of the political system places them at a disadvantage vis-à-vis the majority community. But providing such protection immediately invites the accusation of favouritism or ‘appeasement’ of minorities. Opponents argue that secularism of this sort

is only an excuse to favour the minorities in return for their votes or other kinds of support. Supporters argue that without such special protection, secularism can turn into an excuse for imposing the majority community’s values and norms on the minorities.

 

(a) It follows the western definition of secularism.

(b) It has nothing to do with the western definition of secularism.

(c) It uses the western meaning of secularism and also involves other meanings.

(d) Religion is not at all associated with political power.

 

(a) difficulty created by the tension between the western sense of the state maintaining a distance from all religions and the Indian sense of the state giving equal respect to all religions

(b) perceived need to protect the minorities

(c) accusation of favouritism

(d) authoritarian state

 

(a) progressive retreat of religion from public life

(b) rise of science and rationality

(c) conversion of religion to mandatory obligation as opposed to voluntary practice

(d) decline in the influence of religion