CBSE Class 8 English Revision Worksheet Set C

(TRUE GROWTH) 

NOTE - Read the summary of the chapter and then learn and write the following exercises in copy or on paper.

SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER
In tsunami Ignesious , the manager of a cooperative society, lost two of his children, wife and father-in-law as he could not get alarmed by the tremor.
Sanjeev was a policeman. He jumped into the water to rescue his cook’s wife, but they were both swept away.
Both Meghna’s and Almas’ families were washed away. Both of them kept floating in the sea for days. Meghna floated in the sea for two days holding on to a wooden door. She was brought to the shore by a wave. Similarly, Almas climbed on to a log of wood and fainted. She woke up in a hospital. Both the girls were traumatized after the incident. While Meghna was seen walking on the seashore in daze, Almas does not talk about the incident to anyone. Both of them were not noticed by relief helicopters.
Tilly Smith (a British school girl ) was able to save many lives when the tsunami struck Phuket beach in Thailand as she had seen the sea behaving in the same way in a video in her class of a tsunami that had hit the Hawaiian islands in 1946. She had won a number of awards. The tourist thanked Tilly and her geography lesson that had warned her.
Before tsunami in India and SriLanka, wild and domestic animals fled to safety, elephants ran for higher grounds; dogs refuse to go outdoors; flamingoes abandoned their low-lying breeding areas as seemed to know what was about to happen.
It is believed that animals either posses a sixth sense or have more acute hearing that helps them to hear or feel earth’s vibration. Near about 150,000 people killed in tsunami in a dozen countries but not many animals reported dead.

Q.1 Write and learn the word meanings :-
1) Archipelago - a group of many islands and the surrounding sea.
2) Tremor - a slight shake
3) Chaos - complete disorder or confusion
4) Recede - move back from where it was
5) Traumatised - greatly shocked and distressed
6) Resort - a place where people go on holiday
7) Surge - force or momentum
8) Refuge - shelter or protection from danger
9) Withstood - endured without collapsing
10) Triggered - caused

Short Question Answers:-

Question. Why did Tilly’s family come to Thaliand?
Answer : Tilly’s family came to Thailand to celebrate Christmas.

Question. What were the warning sign that both Tilly and her mother saw?
Answer : Both Tilly and her mother saw the sea rising and swelling up.

Question. Do you think Tilly’s mother was alarmed by them?
Answer : Tilly’s mother could not understand what was happening and only realised that it was serious when Tilly got frightened and mentioned what a Tsunami was.

Question. Where had Tilly seen the sea behaving in the same strange fashion?
Answer : Tilly had seen the sea behaving in the same strange fashion in a video of a tsunami (shown in her geography class) which had hit the Hawaiian Islands in 1946.

Question. Where did the Smith family and the others on the beach go to escape from the tsunami?
Answer : The Smith family and the others on the beach took refuge on the third floor of a hotel.

Question. How do you think her geography teacher felt when he heard about what Tilly had done in Phuket?
Answer : Tilly’s geography teacher must have felt proud of her as she had made use of what she had learnt in class to help save so many lives.

Question. In the tsunami 150,000 people died. How many animals died?
Answer : Not many animals died.

Question. How many people and animals died in Yala National Park?
Answer : Sixty visitors and only two water buffaloes died at the Yala National Park.

Question. What do people say about the elephants of Yala National Park?
Answer : The people at the Yala National Park had seen three elephants running away from the Patanangala beach about an hour before the tsunami hit.

Question. What did the dogs in Galle do?
Answer : The dogs at Galle refused to go out for their daily run on the beach.

 Long Question answers:-

Question. How are Meghna and Almas’s stories similar?
Answer : Both Meghna’s and Almas’ families were washed away. Both of them kept floating in the sea for days. Meghna floated in the sea for two days holding on to a wooden door. She was brought to the shore by a wave. Similarly, Almus climbed on to a log of wood and fainted. She woke up in a hospital. Both the girls were traumatised after the incident. While Meghna was seen walking on the seashore in daze, Almus does not talk about the incident to anyone.

Question. What are the different ways in which Tilly’s parents could have reacted to her behavior? What would you have done if you were in their place?
Answer : Not taking her seriously, Tilly’s parents could have tried to calm her down thinking that she had been frightened by something. As a result, they could have been washed away by the tsunami waves.
If I were in their place, I too would have listened to her and realised that there was a danger approaching. Consequently, I too would have rushed away from the beach.

Question. If Tilly’s award was to be shared, who do you think she should share it with — her parents or her geography teacher?
Answer : If Tilly’s award was to be shared, she should share it with her geography teacher who made her aware of tsunami in the first place. It was this awareness that helped her save so many lives.

HOMEWORK - Make sentences by using the following words :-

Traumatised, beach, islands, Tsunami, incident

Question. Explain the meaning of the last two lines of the poem?
Ans- We usually think that a long life is beautiful but a short life can also be perfect.

(ABOU BEN ADHEM)

My Vocabulary

1. Tribe          6. Think 
2. Increase     7. Angel
3. True           8. Peace 
4. Woke Up     9. Replied 
5. Dream       10. Showed

Question.The poet prays: ‘May his tribe increase!’ Why does the poet make this prayer?
Answer : Because like Abu Ben, the poet also thinks that Love of man is the true love of God.

Question.What did Abou see on the night when he woke up  from his dream ?
Answer : He saw an angel writing in a book.

Question.What had made Abou bold?
Answer :The peace.

Question.What did he ask the angel? 
Answer : He asked the angel what he was writing.

Question.What was the angel’s reply ?
Answer : The angel replied (au`qr id`qw) that he was writing the names of those who loved God. 

Question. What did Abou request the angel to do?
Answer : Abou requested him to write his name in the list of those who love his fellow men .

Question. What did the angel show Abu the next night?
Answer : The next night the angel showed Abou the list of those whom God loved. Abou’s name was at the top.

Question.What is the central idea of the poem? 
Answer : God loves those who love their fellow men.

Question.What is the name of the poem and the poet?
Answer : Poem- Abou Ben Adhem.
Poet- Leigh Hunt.

1. Read carefully the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:-

For the purpose of educating them; our purpose is to make them fit for life. As soon as we realise this fact, we will understand that it is very important to choose the system of education which will really prepare children for life. It is not enough first to choose the system of education one finds or to continue with one’s system of education; without examining it to see whether it, in fact, is suitable or not. In many modern countries, it has for sometime been fashionable to think that, by making education free for all, whether rich or poor, clever or stupid - one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education; for all is not enough. We find in such countries a far larger number of people, with university degrees than there are jobs for them to fill. Because of their degrees, they refuse to do what they think low work, and infact work with the hands which is thought to be dirty - and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important that of a professor; we can live without education but we die if we have no food. In countries where there are no servants because everyone is ashamed of doing such work, the professors have to waste much of their time doing manual housework. Infact when we say that all for us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly each of us can do whatever job is suited to his brain, aptitude and ability. Secondly, that we can realise that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be ashamed of one’s works, or to scorn someone else. Only such a type of education can be called valuable to society.

Questions:

i) What should we keep in mind when we choose a system of education? 

ii) Why do people refuse to do what they think low work? 

iii) What is the definition of free education for modern countries?

iv) ‘An uneducated farmer’s work is more important than a professor’s work’. Do you agree?

v) ‘Education is valuable to society’. Frame a question on this statement.

vi) Choose a word from the passage which is a synonym to ‘Contempt’. Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only Why/ why not? 

2. Write a postcard to your friend about the merriment you had in the play section of the mall you visited in about 45 – 50 words.

3. You are Samar /Smarika. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily - The Hindustan Times, Delhi, highlighting the problems of daily commuters during peak hours. Suggest some solutions to overcome the problems.

4. Rearrange the following words to form meaningful sentences.

a) the/ Ranji/my/will/trophy/brother/be/playing/for/year/this

b) cooks/around/mother/the/world/from/my/delicacies

c) so/there/many/are/sites/cultural/heritage/of/India/in/importance

CHILDHOOD 

My Vocabulary

1. Royal Court                  6. Carried 
2. Sole Companion           7. Pilgrimage
3. Shy                             8. Slings 
4. Inspection                    9. Path 
5. To Copy– nkl krnw       10. Mediocre 

Question.Tick The correct Option to complete each sentence:-
Ans-
a)1   b)3   c)1   d)3

Question. Why did Gandhiji’s father leave Porbander for Rajkot?
Ans- Because he became a member of the Royal Court of Rajkot.

Question. How old was Gandhiji when he was sent to a high school?
Ans- Twelve years old.

Question. Why did Gandhiji make his books and lessons his sole companion ?
Ans- Gandhiji was very shy. He avoided all company. He made books and lessons his sole companions

Question. Who was Mr.Giles ? Why did he visit Gandhiji’s school?
Ans- Mr.Giles was Inspector of School. He came in Gandhiji’s school for inspection.

Question. What did the teacher want Gandhiji to do ?
Ans- The teacher wanted Gandhiji to copy the spellings from his neighbour’s slate.

Question. What did Sharvan do for his parents? 
Ans- Sharwan carried his blind parents to a pilgrimage  by means of slings.

Question. How did the story of Harishchandra inspired Gandhiji?
Ans- It inspired Gandhiji to follow the path of truth.

Question. What idea do you form of Gandhiji as a child?
Ans- As a child he was a mediocre student. He was respectful to his teachers. Even as a child he never told a lie.

Section – A (Reading)

A. Read the passage carefully:

In the olden times, there lived a semi-barbaric king. He had a daughter with a soul as fervent and imperious as his own. She was the apple of his eye and was loved by him above all humanity. Among his courtiers was a young man. He was handsome and brave to a degree unsurpassed in this entire kingdom and the royal maiden loved him with intense ardor. This love affair moved on happily for many months, until one day the king happened to discover its existence. The youth was immediately cast into prison, and a day was appointed for his trial in the King‟s arena.

The appointed day arrived. From far and near the people arrived and thronged the galleries of the arena. The King and his court were in their places, opposite the twin doors. One had a ferocious tiger behind it – ready to devour the person who opened the door-and the other had a beautiful lady behind it. If the young man chose that door, he was to get the lady‟s hand in marriage, as per the king‟s orders.

All was ready. The signal was given. A door below the royal party opened, and the young noble walked into the arena. Tall, beautiful, fair, his appearance was greeted with a low hum of admiration and anxiety. Half the audience had not known so grand a youth lived among them. No wonder the princess loved him! What a terrible thing for him to be there.

As the youth advanced into the arena he turned, as was the custom, to bow to the king, but he did not think of that royal personage at all. His eyes were fixed on the princess, who sat to the right of her father.

Possessed of more power and influence, the princess had possessed herself of the secret of the doors. She knew in which of the two rooms, that lay behind those doors, stood the cage of the tiger, with its open front, and in which, the lady.

And not only did she know in which room stood the lady to emerge, all blushing and radiant, should the door be opened, but she also knew who the lady was. And the princess hated her.

When the youth turned and looked at her, his eyes met hers as she sat there. Her right arm lay on the cushioned parapet before her. She raised her hand and made a slight, quick movement toward the right. No one but the youth saw her. Every eye was fixed on the man in the arena. He turned and with a firm and rapid step and walked across the empty space. Every heart stopped beating, every breath was held, every eye was fixed immovable upon that man. Without the slightest hesitation, he went to the door on right and opened it.

THE PUNJAB- A GLIMPSE

My Vocabulary

1. Energy                   6. Sacrificed
2. Self-Respecting      7. Crowd
3. Battlefield              8. Benefit
4. Struggle                9. Founded
5. Independence        10. Compiled 

Question. What is the special about Bhangra dance?
Answer: Bhangra is full of energy. It shows the Joy and lively spirit of Punjabis.

Question. How can you say that the Punjabis are self-respecting people?
Answer: Because Punjabi would never beg or show their back in battlefield.

Question. What was Punjabis’ role in the struggle for India’s Independence?
Answer: Lala Lajpat Rai, Sukhdev, Udham Singh, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Bhagat Singh and many other Punjabis sacrificed their lives for their country.

Question. What did General Dyer do at the Jalliawala Bagh in Amritsar?
Answer: He ordered his riflemen to fire at the crowd of 20,000 people.

Question. What states have benefited from the Bhakra –Nangal Project?
Answer: Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Question. What is the religious importance of Anandpur Sahib?
Answer: Guru Gobind Singh founded Khalsa Panth here.

Question. Where is Chandigarh situated ? What is it known for?
Answer: Chandigarh is situated at the foot of Shivalik hills. It is known for its rose gardens.

Question. What are Jalandhar and Ludhiana famous for ?
Answer: Jalandhar- Sports goods. 
Ludhiana- Woolen hosiery industry.

Question. Who compiled Sri Guru Granth Sahib ? 
Answer: Guru Arjun Dev Ji.

Question. How have the walls of the Golden Temple been decorated ?
Answer: These inner walls are decorated with precious stone.

Section – A (Reading)

A. Read the following article based on a report by health experts in England.

Most teenage girls in England are smokers. They believe cigarettes help keep them slim, make them look grown-up, and control stress. And even though they know the risks to their health, they would still rather smoke. The habit is on the increase among teenage girls while it is falling in all other groups of the population. Now almost one in three girls of school-leaving age are smokers.

Health experts are puzzled as to why the anti-tobacco message is not reaching them. Dr Anne Charlton says: „ We do not really know why they are taking up smoking when everyone is giving up. They seem to be more influenced by advertisements, which are increasingly aimed at women.‟

Teenage girls are more likely to start smoking if one of their parents is a smoker. They probably have a best friend who smokes, and parents who do not disapprove of their habit of smoking.

Fifty percent of girls who leave school to start a career in hairdressing are smokers. In nursing, the figure is 44 per cent and around 34 per cent in clerical jobs.

Dr Charltong says, “The percentage is less among those who go to university. The smokers are usually the ones who do not do well at school and don‟t even want to.”

They mistakenly believe it helps to keep their weight down, although they have no weight problem in the first place. This message of needing to be thinner than thin has come over very strongly and they would rather risk their health than risk putting on weight.

“One of the most effective methods of getting girls to stop smoking is to point out how much they smell”, says Dr. Charlton.

A.1. Choose the best answer:

(i) Teenage girls in England smoke

(a) even if they know smoking is unhealthy

(b) because smoking helps them lose weight

(c) because they are leaving school

(ii) Health experts

(a) really have no idea why girls smoke.

(b) do not understand why girls give up smoking

(c) do not understand the anti-tobacco message

FINITES AND NON-FINITES

Verbs can be divided into two:-
1) Finites 2)Non-finites
Finite Verbs: They are bound by tense and must agree to the subject-verb agreement.
Eg: I have been to London.
She has been to London.
Non-finite Verbs: They are not bound by tense and the rules of the subject-verb agreement.
Eg: He likes eating popcorns.
I liked eating popcorn.
A sentence cannot make complete sense without a finite verb. But a non-finite verb is generally an extension of the sense and can be left out.
Eg: He likes to read books.

Non-finite verbs are of three kinds:-
1) Infinitives 2) Gerunds 3) Participles.

INFINITIVES
This is the base form of the verb often found with “to”.
It is a kind of noun with certain features of the verb. This means that an infinitive is a verb-noun.
Eg:- To err is human.
I want you to come.
He had no choice but to go.
Ram is too weak to stand.

The following words are followed by the ‗to-Infinitives‘:-
ought, want, promise, forget, refuse, hope, have, like, remember, agree, decide, love etc.
Eg:- One ought to pay one‟s dues on time.

The following transitive verbs take an infinitive after the object:-
warn, request, commit, order, instruct, advise, beg, allow, ask etc.
Eg:- The teacher allowed them to go.

Though „to‟ is frequently used with infinitives, it is not an essential part of them.
Eg:- Let him sit there.
Eg:- I heard him shout.
Such infinitives without „to‟ are also used after verbs like , „will/would‟,
„shall/should‟, „may/might‟, must, had, better, would rather, had rather,
Sooner-than, rather than etc.

Eg:- You had better complete your work fast.
Eg:-I would rather die than accept defeat.
GERUNDS
A gerund is a derivative of a verb which takes an „-ing‟ form but does the function of a noun.
Eg:- He loves painting.
Eg:- Swimming is a good exercise.
Compound Gerund forms are used by placing a past-participle after the gerund of „Have‟ and „Be‟.
Eg:- He is desirous of being praised.
Eg:- I heard of him having won a prize.

In compound nouns such as walking –stick, frying-pan, writing-table,etc, „walking‟, „frying‟, „writing‟ are gerunds.
NOTE:- as both the gerunds and infinitives have the force of a noun and a verb, they have the same uses. Thus in many sentences either of them may be used.
Eg:- Teach me to swim.
Eg:- Teach me swimming.

PARTICIPLES
Participles are verbs that behave as adjectives. They may be called verbal adjectives. They have three forms:
(i) present
(ii) past
(iii) perfect

Present Participle:
They end in ‘- ing’ and represent an action as going on or incomplete.
Example:
(a) Knocking loudly at the gate, he demanded admission.
(b) We met a girl carrying a basket of flowers.

NOTE: The present participle and the gerund must be carefully distinguished.
The present participle functions like an adjective; the gerund functions like a noun. So the participle is a verbal adjective; the gerund is a verbal noun.
eg.- Barking dogs seldom bite.
‘Barking’ describes the noun dogs. Its function is that of an adjective. So it is a participle.
eg.- Barking helps a dog to express its feelings.
‘Barking’ is the subject of the verb ‘help’. Its function is that of a noun. Hence it is a gerund in this case.

Past Participle:
They usually end in ‘ed’, ‘d’, ‘t’, ‘er’ or ‘an’ and represent a completed action or state of the thing spoken of
Example: Time misspent is lost.
We saw a few trees laden with fruits.

Perfect Participle:
They represent an action completed some time in the past.
Eg.- Being granted bail, he felt like a free bird.
Having rested, we continued our journey.

EXERCISE

1. Underline the gerunds and participles and name them:-
(i) Hearing a noise, I turned around.
(ii) Being dissatisfied, he gave up his decision.
(iii) Walking on the grass is not allowed.
(iv) Asking question is easier than answering them.
(v) Waving their hats and handkerchiefs, the people cheered the king.
(vi) The rain came pouring down.
(vii) The traveler, being tired sat by the tree to rest.
(viii) Encouraged by his wife, he completed his work.
(ix) Jumping over the fence, the thief escaped.
(x) I like reading poetry.
(xi) He’s fond of hoarding money.
(xii) Giving is better than receiving.
(xiii) We were tired, having walked so far.
(xiv) He saw a clown standing on his head.
(xv) Praising all alike, is like praising none.
(xvi) He preferred playing football to studying lessons.

2. Replace the underlined words as directed:
(i) He likes to dance and to swim. (gerund)
(ii) It is no good to get upset. (gerund)
(iii) The teacher told him that he should study hard. She further advised him that he should revise all the work. (infinitive)
(iv) Jim has decided that he is going to buy a car this summer. (infinitive)

3. Fill in the blanks using the ‘– ing’ form or the ‘to-’ infinitive. Two responses are possible in some cases:
(i) It has been quite a pleasant day. But now I am beginning __________ cold (feel).
(ii) After she had described her experience at Mt. Abu, she went on __________ about her trip to Kodaikanal. (talk)
(iii) I like __________ back home ratter than __________ a cab. (walk, take)
(iv) I’ll try __________ the meeting but I’m not sure. (attend)
(v) I don’t think the soup tastes good. Try __________ some lemon juice and salt to it. (add)
(vi) My secretary told me that I had forgotten ___________ my cupboard. (lock)
(vii) Did you post the letter? Yes, I distinctly remember __________ it on my way to the office. (post)

4. Join the following pairs of sentences using infinitives or participles (as given in the brackets):
(i) She left all her property to a charitable trust. It was very generous of her. (use an infinitive)
(ii) The students should be good scholars and not good politicians. The supreme court expects this of them. (use an infinitive)
(iii) She is rich. She can afford expensive holidays. (use a participle)
(iv) Tata safari is a very big car. It cannot be parked in the garage. (infinitive)
(v) The brave warrior took out his dagger. He pounced upon his enemy. (participle)
(vi) She typed all the letters. She asked the assistant to dispatch them. (participle)
(vii) You can point out the flaws in my work. You need not hesitate to do it. (infinitive)

Section – C (Grammar)

Finites & Non-Finites
C.1. Underline the non-finite verbs in the following sentences and identify them as Infinitives, Gerunds or Participles.
(i) I like reading poetry. ______________
(ii) To see is to believe. ______________
(iii) I saw the boys playing in the fields. ______________
(iv) He is a man respected by all. ______________
(v) Tickled by the clown‟s antics, the children laughed loudly. ______________
(vi) Though Mahesh is a charming boy, he is also very annoying. ______________
(vii) She was angry at Rhea trying to lie to her. ______________
(viii) I was determined to increase my salary by managing a little farm. ______________
(ix) Success is not merely winning applause. ______________
(x) Singing to herself was her chief delight.

C.2. You have learnt about participles, gerunds and infinitives in your earlier classes. They are non-finite verbs.
With the help of the information given below, complete the paragraph on how to operate a microwave oven using suitable non-finite verbs.
(i) Do not use without reading the instructions
(ii) Then plug the lead to wire
(iii) Fill glass bowl with food to be cooked
(iv) Stir food from inside to outside
(v) Place bowl on glass plate in microwave
(vi) Set temperature as required
(vii) Cover dish to hasten cooking process
(viii) Shut door of the oven
(ix) Once time is over, oven will beep. Take out the dish
The instructional manual warns us against ______________ the appliance without ______________ the lead wire. The food ______________ cooked is put in a glass bowl. Remember ______________ the food from inside to outside. The next step is ______________the bowl on the glass plate in the oven. Don‟t forget ______________ the dish oven at the required temperature. ______________ the dish can hasten the ______________ process. Take care ______________ the door of the oven carefully. Remember ______________ out the dish after the oven sounds the beeps.

C.3. Complete each sentence by adding a suitable Infinitive, Present Participle or Gerund form of the Verb.
(i) Bad weather compelled us ______________ indoors.
(ii) ______________ their hats and handkerchiefs, the people cheered the king.
(iii) She is very clever at ______________ excuses.
(iv) ______________ by hunger, he stole a piece of bread.
(v) ______________ the room, I found the light quite dazzling.

C.4. Fill in the blanks with suitable gerunds, infinitives or participles.
(i) They were at school when the emphasis was more on ______________ (teach) rather than ______________. (learn)
(ii) Ridhima spent the afternoon ______________ (shop) with grandma.
(iii) When Yana began ______________ (sing) the baby began ______________. (cry)
(iv) We both love ______________ (dance) while Anne loves ______________. (talk)
(v) He went on ______________ (argue) about the political consequences.
(vi) He didn‟t bother ______________ (complain) about the noise from the neighbour‟s house last night.
(vii) I enjoy ______________ (watch) horror movies.
(vii) Susan wants ______________ (migrate) to Australia.

Section – D (Literature)

The Day I Rescued Albert Einstein‘s Compass
D.1. ―I should hate to lose it.‖
(i) Who is „I‟ here?
(ii) What would he hate to lose?
D.2. What did Einstein look like?
D.3. What qualities of him does the story reveal?
D.4 ―We had an adventure.‖
(i) Who are „we‟ here?
(ii) What was the adventure?

English is Fun- 2
Cross out the word that does not belong to the group.
(i) millionaire accountant detective wealth
(ii) metaphor preposition conjunction interjection
(iii) triangle hexagon trisect trapezium
(iv) hamlet villa mansion castle
(v) mandolin banjo musician guitar
Proverb Time
P.8. A flower blooms more than – If you miss an occasion, you can avail of it once. at another time.
P.9. A friend‟s eye is a good mirror. – A real friend will tell you the truth.

SYMPATHY 

My Vocabulary

1. How              6. When
2. Proud Man     7. Erect
3. Served          8. Why
4. Bound           9. Return
5. According      10. Well 

Question. How did the proud man help the poet?
Answer: He helped the poet with gold. 

Question. How did the poor man help the poet?
Answer: The poor man served the poet day and night. He bound his head and gave him bread.

Question. What according to the poet is greater than gold?
Answer: Sympathy. 

Question. When could the poet stand erect and why?
Answer: After he got well he stood erect to return rich man’s money. 

A. Read the given passage:

Born in 1775 in Steventon, Rectory, Hampshire, Jane Austen belonged to an upper middle class family and enjoyed all comforts. She and her sister Cassandra had their first lessons from their mother. Schooling in Oxford, South Hampton and at Abbey School. Jane at the age of nine and Cassandra at the age of 11 were back home. Both enjoyed reading poetry and great works of Shakespeare. At the age of 12, Jane Austen looked better than a tomboy. Initially she started writing short humorous stories. Her first full length novel titled „ Elinor and Marianne‟ started in her late teens. At the age of 22, she wrote „ First Impressions‟ and later „Pride and Prejudice‟. Jane Austen has portrayed in her novel things like niceties of decorum, petty jealousies, vanity and affection. She has dealt with the superficialities of life.

„Pride and Prejudice‟ is the most interesting novel and the most popular because of its interesting plot, a rich comedy, supreme theme, the sparkling life of characters, a freshness of the scenery. A year or two later, she completed „Susan‟ which was retitled „Northanger Abbey‟. Family circumstances made her leave Steventon and go to Bath. But the memories of her widowed Sister, her friends and relatives, the family rectory and the countryside haunted her and she could not be happy at Bath. Like Casandra, Jane also had a love affair with a doctor but it ended in a tragedy. After her father‟s death in 1805, she got support of her brother Edward and began a comfortable life with a renewed interest. At the age of 41 she died and her two novels „Persuasion‟ and „Northanger Abbey‟ were published after her death.

A.1. Based on reading of the passage, choose the correct option to answer the questions that follow:

(i) How do you know that Jane was born with the spark for literary writing?

(a) she wrote short humorous stories.

(b) she used to read poetry and great works of Shakespeare at an early age.

(c) „Pride and Prejudice‟ is the most interesting novel.

(ii) Why could Jane not be happy at Bath?

(a) she missed everything about her life at the countryside.

(b) two of her books were published after her death.

(c) after her father‟s death, her brother was supporting her.

SANT RAVIDAS

My Vocabulary
1. Born                             6. Atmosphere
2. A.D. - Anna Dommini     7. Ordinary
3. Remained                      8. Purpose
4. Unfulfilled                     9. Meditation 
5. Continue                      10. Humanity

Question. When and where was Saint Ravidas Ji born?
Answer: In 1377 A.D. at Banaras .

Question. What desire of Ravidas’s parents remained unfulfilled?
Answer: The desire to have Ravidas ji educated. 

Question. Why could Ravidas not continue with his studies?
Answer: Because he found an unfriendly atmosphere at school.

Question. What did Ravidas’s teachers notice about him?
Answer: His teachers noticed that he was not an ordinary child. He has some higher purpose in life.

Question. Who was Ravidas ji in search of ?
Answer: He was in search of some spiritual teacher.

Question. What did Swami Ramanand do for Ravidas?
Answer: He taught ancient wisdom to him. 

Question. What place did Saint Ravidas choose for his meditation?
Answer: He chose a peaceful area of forest in Banaras. 

Question. How did saint Ravidas save the deer family from the hunter?
Answer: He saved the deer family with his sweet words .

Question. What change came in the hunter after his contact with Saint Ravidas?
Answer: He left all the evil deeds.
 

Question. What were the main points of Saint Ravidas’s teachings ?
Answer: a) All are equal in the eyes of God.
b) The distinctions of caste, colour and creed are meaningless.
c) Untouchability is a sin against humanity

Question. Below you can see a set of instructions for preparing ‘Italian Clear Soup’. Use them to complete the paragraph that follows.

HOW TO PREPARE AN ITALIAN CLEAR SOUP

INGREDIENTS:

• 100 grams cauliflower

• 1 carrot

• 2 potatoes

• 1/3 tomato ketchup

• ½ small alphabet shaped macaroni

• 1 onion

• ½ cup green peas

• 4 cups water

• Salt to taste

METHOD:

• Cut all of the vegetables into small cubes. Boil 4cups of water with a little salt added. Drain and retain the stock.

• Mash ¼ cup of these vegetables and mix it with the stock. Boil the stock. Add 1/3 cup of tomato ketchup and macaroni. Bring to boil.

• Before serving the soup, add ¼ teaspoon of Italian vinegar and cream dressing in each cup.

Italian clear soup is both delicious and nourishing. Here is how it is prepared. First of all, (a)……………………………………small cubes. These cubes are boiled in 4 cups of water with a little salt added. The water (b)……………………………………………… Next ¼ cup of these vegetables (c) …………………….. with the stock , which is then boiled. Next 1/3 cup of tomato ketchup and macaroni (d) ………………………….. to a boil. Finally, before serving the soup, ¼ teaspoon of the Italian vinegar and cream dressing is added in each cup.

THIS IS MY PRAYER TO THEE

My Vocabulary

1. Pray         6. Service- syvw
2. Penury      7. Disown
3. Sorrows    8. Mighty 
4. Bear         9. Knees 
5. Fruitful     10. Surrender 

Question. Who does the poet pray to in this poem?
Answer: The poet prays to God. 

Question. What penury does the poet talk of?
Answer: The penury in his heart.

Question. How does the poet want to bear his joys and sorrows?
Answer: He wants to bear his joys and sorrows lightly.

Question. How does the poet think his love can be fruitful?
Answer: His love can be fruitful in service.

Question. Who does the poet want never to disown?
Answer: He wants never to disown the poor.

Question. How will the poet react to those who are mighty and rude?
Answer: He will not bend his knees before them.

Question. What will the poet’s attitude to wards daily trifles?
Answer: He will try to rise above the daily trifles.

Question. To whom does the poet want to surrender and how?
Answer: The poet wants to surrender to God’s will with love.

Question. What is the name of the poem and the poet?
Answer: Poem- This is my prayer to thee
Poet- Rabindranath Tagore.

THE PUNJAB- A GLIMPSE

My Vocabulary

1. Energy                 6. Sacrificed 
2. Self-Respecting     7. Crowd- BIV
3. Battlefield             8. Benefit
4. Struggle               9. Founded
5. Independence      10. Compiled

Question. What is the special about Bhangra dance? 
Answer- Bhangra is full of energy. It shows the Joy and lively spirit of Punjabis.

Question. How can you say that the Punjabis are self-respecting people?
Answer- Because Punjabi would never beg or show their back in battlefield.

Question.What was Punjabis’ role in the struggle for India’s Independence?
Answer- Lala Lajpat Rai, Sukhdev, Udham Singh, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Bhagat Singh and many other Punjabis sacrificed their lives for their country.

Question.What did General Dyer do at the Jalliawala Bagh in Amritsar?
Answer- He ordered his riflemen to fire at the crowd of 20,000 people.

Question. What states have benefited from the Bhakra –Nangal Project?
Answer- Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Question. What is the religious importance  of Anandpur Sahib?
Answer- Sri Guru Gobind Singh founded Khalsa Panth here.

Question. Where is Chandigarh situated ? What is it known for?
Answer- Chandigarh is situated at the foot of Shivalik hills. It is known for its rose gardens.

Question. What are Jalandhar and Ludhiana famous) for?
Answer- Jalandhar- Sports goods. 
Ludhiana- Woolen hosiery industry.

Question. Who compiled Sri Guru Granth Sahib? 
Answer- Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji. 

Question. How have the walls of the Golden Temple been decorated?
Answer- These inner walls are decorated with precious stones.

An informal letter is a letter written to friends, relatives and members of the family. Simple & informal language is used.

FORMAT OF INFORMAL LETTER

1) Sender's address
-------------
-----------
2 ) Date

3) Salutation
4) Content / Body of the letter
I paragraph (short)
II paragraph (main content)
III paragraph (closing in short)
5) Subscription with writer's name
Sample letter
Write a letter to your friend residing at Gurgaon in order to wish him / her a speedy recovery from breakdown in health. You are Sakshi / Saksham.

ABC Apartment
Tilak Road
Agra
10 May 2020

Dear Mahi/Manav

I have learnt from your parents that you have fallen a victim to COVID - 19. I know presently you are shifted to isolated ward. You must not let the negative thoughts in your mind. You should practice meditation to overcome your loneliness.
You did a good job by seeking medical help well in time. You will get the best treatment there. However it will take time to recover. Remember that God is around us. I hope you will defeat this virus and you may recover soon. Sincerely follow the instructions given by doctors. Many people have successfully recoverd from this disease. I hope you will also defeat it and recover soon. Take proper rest and be careful of your health.
I wish for your speedy recovery.
Yours truly
Sakshi / Saksham

OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS 

Formal letters are official or business letters. They are written in a strictly format style. These are written to convey official information, to enquire about something or to lodge a complaint.
* Formal language is used.
* Use short sentences.
* Don't use unnecessary words.
Formal Letter Format
A formal letter has a format which needs to be followed. A typical formal letter format is
1) Sender’s address
2) Date
3) Name / Designation of Addressee
4)Address of the Addressee
5) Salutation
6) Subject
7) Body -
Introduction,
Content,
Conclusion
8) Complimentary Closing
9) Signature / Name of the Sender
10) Designation of the Sender

Write a letter to the Bank Manager for reissuing your ATM card.

21, Arya Nagar
Dayalbagh
Agra
25, May 2020
The Bank Manager
State Bank of India
Dayalbagh
Agra

Subject : Application for re-issuing my ATM card

Sir,
This is to draw your kind attention towards a problem I have been facing since a few months regarding my ATM card.
My ATM did not undergo any transaction for last three months. Due to which it got blocked and further transactions were denied. I consulted with concerned authorities in bank and they advised me to file an application for re-issuing new ATM card under same details. I filled my application and submitted it to the relevant counter from where I was asked to wait for a 3-4 weeks. After the given period I visited bank again and they asked to re-file the application. I have filed two applications regarding the same but to no avail. Neither I have received my ATM card nor any response.
Please inform me how long it is going to take to get my ATM card reissued. If there is some other process to be followed, kindly instruct me about it. I have visited bank in person several times but it is not getting me anywhere. This is really causing me difficulties sir. Kindly acknowledge the matter as soon as possible.
Quick response will be highly appreciated.
Thanking You
Yours Truly
Tarun

HOMEWORK Write a letter to the sales manager complaining about the ill- functioning of washing machine which you have purchased recently. You are Soham/ Sarika.

The words a, an, and the are known as articles.
Articles are determiners and point out the noun. They are always placed before noun.
There are two types of articles:
* The indefinite articles as a and an.
* The definite article as the

USES OF ARTICLE 'A'
# Before common noun
Ex.-
a pen, a river, a girl, a table etc.
# Before consonant sound
Ex.-
a useful animal, a university, a hospital etc.

USES OF ARTICLE 'An'
# Before vowel sound ( a, e, i, o, u )
Ex.-
an orange, an hour, an eagle, an honest etc.
# Before abbreviations but have vowel sound
Ex.-
an M.L.A , an F.I.R. , an S.D.O. etc.

USES OF ARTICLE ' The '
# Before particular person or thing or one already referred
Ex.-
The lady whom I met on the way is no more.
# Before common noun in singular number which is used to indicate a whole class or kind.
Ex.-
The woman should be empowered.

# Before common nouns unique of their kinds.
Ex.-
The sun is the source of energy.
# Before Superlative degree of adjective.
Ex.-
Diamond is the hardest metal of all.
# Before the names of races or religions.
Ex.-
The Indian are proud of their culture.
# Before well known buildings.
Ex.-
We have visited the Hawa Mahal.
# Before the names of rivers, seas, oceans, gulfs, mountain ranges and group of islands;
Ex.-
The Ural mountains are in Russia.
# Before the names of holy books and newspaper ;
Ex.-
A) We read the Hindu.
B) The Quran is a religious book of Muslim.
# Before the directions.
Ex.-
Kanyakumari lies in the south of India.

OMISSION OF ARTICLES
' The' Article is not used in the following context :
# Before proper nouns;
( Names of states, cities, persons, mountain peak, days of the week and months of the year )
Ex.-
Patna, Sunday, Bihar, February etc.
# Before the names of languages, arts, subject, diseases; etc.
Ex.-
Malayalam, cancer, Hindi, painting etc.
# Before the names of material
Ex.-
Cotton, diamond etc.
# Before abstract noun
Ex.-
Honesty, health, beauty etc.
# before uncountable noun;
Water, tea etc.

Insert articles wherever necessary
1) My uncle has acted in ..........one- act play.
2) Many children love to play............ cricket.
3) He found...........purse which he lost yesterday.
4) My uncle is..........M.L.A.
5) I saw a bag. ..........bag was new.
6) My saree is made of............. cotton.
7) ............earth moves round...........sun.
8) He plays ............tabla.
9) My birthday comes in............ October.
10) Rohan eats ........egg daily.
NOTE - Do this exercise in a separate copy or on paper.

My Vocabulary

1. Symbols      6. Attention
2. Saffron        7. Hunting
3. Courage       8. Prohibited 
4. Sacrifice       9. Inspire 
5. Occasions    10. Fearlessness 

Question. Name the various National Symbols of our country?
Ans- a) Our National Flag- Tiranga 
b) Our National Emblem- Lion capitol of Ashoka’s pillar
c) Our National Anthem- Jan Gana Mana 
d) Our National Song- Vande Mataram 
e) Our National Animal- Tiger
f) Our National Bird- Peacock
g) Our National Flower- Lotus 

Question. What are the different colours in our national flag?
Ans- Saffron, white and green.

Question. What is the saffron colour in our flag a symbol of ?
Ans- Courage and sacrifice

Question. What is written on the base of our National Emblem?
Ans- Satyameva Jayate.

Question. On what occasions is our National Anthem sung?
Ans- It is sung at the time of morning prayers in schools and all ceremonial occasions.

Question. What should we do when our National Anthem is being sung?
Ans- We should stand at attention AtYNSn (swvDwn).

Question. What do you know about the writer of our National Anthem?
Ans- It is written by Rabindranath Tagore.

Question. Why is the hunting of peacocks prohibited in our country?
Ans- Because it is our National Bird.

Question. What is the importance of our National Symbols in our life?
Ans- These inspire ieMspwier (pRyirq) us to uphold our great and rich culture.

Question. What do you know about our National animal?
Ans- Tiger is our National Animal. It is a symbol of great strength and fearlessness.

Question. Where do we have the Ashoka Pillar? What is its importance?
Ans- It is at Sarnath. Lord Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath.

Question. What is the seal of Government of India? What is it used for?
Ans- Our National Emblem is the seal of Govt. of India. We have it on all our currency, stamp papers and other official documents.

1) Answer the questions:

a) Whom did the narrator want to see in the bank and why?

b) Why was the manager speaking 'coldly'?

c) What was special about Count de Lorge's lover?

d) Why did the king Francis say 'No love, but vanity, sets love a task like that'?

e) Describe the friendship between Owens and Luz Long.

f) Describe Owens's childhood.

g) Why couldn't Jimmy arrest Bob himself?