Principles of Management
1 How is the Principle of ‘Unity of Command’ useful to management? Explain briefly.
2 Nutan Tiffin Box service was started in Mumbai by the Mumbai Dabbawalas. The Dabbawalas who are the soul of entire Mumbai aim to provide prompt and efficient services by providing tasty homemade tiffin to all offices goers at the right time and place. The service is uninterrupted even on the days of bad weather, political unrest and social disturbances. Recently they have started online booking system through their website ‘mydabbawala.com’. Owing to their tremendous popularity amongst the happy and satisfied customers and members, the Dhabwalas were invited as guest lecturer by top business schools. The Dhabwalas operate in a group of 25 to 30 people along with a group leader. Each group teams up with other groups in order to deliver the tiffins on time. They are not transferred on frequent basis as they have to remember the addresses of their customers. They follow certain rule while doing trade – no alcohol during working hours; no leaves without permission; wearing white caps and carrying ID cards during business hours.
Recently, on the suggestion of a few self -motivated fellow men, the Dabbawalas though out and executed a plan of providing food left in tiffins by customers to slum children. They have instructed their customers to place red sticker if food is left in the tiffin, to fed to the poor children later.
(a) State any one principle of management given by Fayol and one characteristic of management mentioned in the above case.
(b) Give any two values which the Dabbawalas want to communicate to the society.
3 Define scientific management. State any three of its principles.
4 “Apka Vidyalaya” believes in the holistic development of students and encourages team building through a mix of curricular, co-curricular and sports activities. On its Founder’s Day, a stage performance had to be put up. A committee of ten prefects was constituted to plan different aspects of the function. They all decided to use recycle paper for decoration. There was a spirit of unity and harmony and all the members supported each other. With mutual trust and a sense of belonging, the programme was systematically planned and executed. Kartik, one of the prefects, realized that the group had unknowingly applied one of the principles of management while planning and executing the programme. He was so inspired by the success of this function that he asked his father to apply the same principle in his business. His father that replied he was already applied this principle.
(a) Identify the principle of management applied for the success of the programme.
(b) State any two features of management highlighted in the above paragraph.
(c) Identify any two values which ”Apka Vidyalaya” communicated to the society.
5 If an organisation does not provide the right place for physical and human resources in an organisation, which principle is violated? What are the consequences of it?
6 Telco Ltd. manufactures files & folders form old clothes to discourage the use of plastic files and folders. For this, they employed people from nearby villagers very less job opportunities are available. An employee, Harish designed a plan for cost reduction but it was not welcomed by the production manager. Another employee gave some suggestions for improvements in design, but it was also not appreciated by the production manager.
(a) State the principle of management that is violated the above paragraph. (explain)
(b) Identify any two values that the company wants to communicate to the society.
7 Explain any four points regarding significance of Principles of management.
8 Pawan is working as a Production manager in CFL Ltd. which produces CFL bulbs. There is no class- conflict between the management and workers. The working conditions are very good. The company is earning huge profits. As a policy, the management shares the profits earned with the workers because they believe in the prosperity of the employees.
(a) State the principle of management described in the above paragraph. (explain)
(b) Identify any two values which the company wants to communicate to society.
9 Explain the Principles of Scientific management given by F.W.Taylor.
10 Voltech India Ltd., is manufacturing LED bulbs to save electricity. However, it is running under heavy losses. To revive from the losses, the management shifts the units to a backward area where the labor is available at a low cost. The management also ask the workers to work overtime without any additional payment and promises to increase the wages of the workers after achieving its mission. Within a short period, the company starts earning profits because both management and workers honor the commitments.
(a) State the principle of management described in the above paragraph.
(b) Identify any two values that the company wants to communicate to the society.
11 Explain the following Principles of management given by Henri Fayol with examples:
(a) Unity of direction (b) Equity (c) Espirit de corps (d) Order (e) Centralisation and decentralisation (f) Initiative.
12 ABC Ltd., is engaged in producing electricity from domestic garbage. There is almost equal division of work and responsibilities between workers and the management. The management even takes worker’s confidence before taking important decisions. All the workers are satisfied by the good behaviors of the management.
(a) State the management of principle described in the above paragraph.
(b) Identify any two values which the company wants to communicate to society.
13 Explain the technique of ‘Functional Foremanship’ and the concept of ‘Mental Revolution’ as enunciated by Taylor.
14 The principles of Taylor and Fayol are mutually complementary. One believed that management should share the gains with the workers while the other suggested that the employee’s compensation should depend up on the earning capacity of the company and should give them a reasonable standard of living. Identify and explain the principles of Taylor & Fayol referred to the above paragraph.
15 Discuss the following techniques of Scientific Work Study:
(a) Time Study (b) Motion Study (c) Fatigue Study (d) Method Study
(e) Simplification and standardisation of work.
16 Hina and Harish are typists in a company having the same educational qualifications. Hina gets Rs. 3,000 per month and Harish gets Rs. 4,000 per month as salaries for the same working hours.
(a) Which principle of management is being violated in this case?
(b) Name and explain the principle.
17 Discuss the differences between the contributions of Taylor and Fayol.
18 Nikhita and Salman completed their MBA and started working in a multinational Company at the same level. Both of them worked hard and were happy with their employer. Salman has the habit of back-biting and wrong reporting about his colleagues to impress his boss. All the employees in the organization knew about it. At the time of performance appraisal, the performance of Nikhita was judged to be better than Salman. Even then their boss, Mohammed Sharif, decided to promote Salman stating that being a female, Nikhita would not be able to handle the complications of a higher post.
(a) Identify and explain the principle of management which was not followed by this multinational company.
(b) Identify the values which are being ignored quoting the lines from the above paragraph.
19 ‘F’ limited was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems.
Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wasteage. The workers were becoming undisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company, previously was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure.
Questions
1. Identify the Principles of Management (out of 14 given by Henry Fayol) that were being violated by the company.
2. Explain these principles in brief.
3. What steps should the company management take in relation to the above principles to restore the company to its past glory?
Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Principles of Management Worksheet Set D
