Maharashtra Board Class 7 History Chapter 8 An Ideal Ruler Solutions

1. Find It From The Chapter:

Question 1. Grave dangers in the life of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:
- The meeting with Afzalkhan.
- The siege of Panhala.
- The attack on Shaistakhan.
- The escape from Agra.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj faced several critical threats including a direct confrontation with Afzalkhan, being besieged at Panhala fort, an attack by Shaistakhan, and the dangerous escape from Agra.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing specific historical events correctly demonstrates a strong understanding of the challenges faced by Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 2. They risked their life at the time when the Maharaj escaped from Agra.
Answer:
(a) Hiroji Farjand
(b) Madari Meheter
In simple words: Hiroji Farjand and Madari Meheter were the brave individuals who endangered their own lives to aid Shivaji Maharaj during his escape from Agra.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the names of key individuals who played crucial roles in historical events, especially during pivotal moments like escapes or battles.

Question 3. What warning did Shivaji Maharaj issue to the Deshmukh of Rohida Valley?
Answer: Maharaj warned the Deshmukh of the Rohida Valley not to fail in his duty to the ryot.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj sternly cautioned the Deshmukh of Rohida Valley to diligently fulfill his responsibilities towards the common farmers, or ryots, ensuring their well-being and preventing any neglect of duty.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding Shivaji Maharaj's administrative principles, like protecting the ryot, is important for demonstrating knowledge of his rule.

Question 4. What inspiration can future generations draw ' from the life of Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer: The future generation will continue to draw inspiration from the work of Shivaji Maharaj, who laid the foundation of Swaraj and turning, it into Surajya, as an ideal and a source of inspiration.
In simple words: Future generations can find immense inspiration from Shivaji Maharaj's life, particularly from his efforts in establishing Swaraj and transforming it into Surajya, which serves as an enduring ideal and source of motivation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on Shivaji Maharaj's enduring legacy of Swaraj and Surajya as a key takeaway for inspiring future generations.

2. Write About It In Your Own Words:

Question 1. the Deshmukh to avoid any loss of the ryot?
Answer:
- Maharaj warned the Deshmukh of the Rohida Valley not to fail in his duty to the Ryot.
- He told him to visit every village and shift people to a safe place down the ghats.
- He strictly told him not to delay even for a moment.
In simple words: To protect the ryots from harm, Maharaj instructed the Deshmukh of Rohida Valley to diligently perform his duty, visit all villages, relocate people to safer areas in the ghats, and act immediately without any delay.

🎯 Exam Tip: Detail the specific instructions given by Shivaji Maharaj, as this highlights his proactive approach to protecting his people.

Question 2. How do we know that his religious policy was that of tolerance?
Answer:
(i) The Maharaj had to struggle against the Islamic rulers such the Adilshahi, the Mughals and the Siddis. But he considered the Muslims in Swaraj as his own people.
(ii) While meeting Afzalkhan, Siddi Ibrahim was a servant in his army.
(iii) Siddi Hilal was a soldier in the army.
(iv) Daulatkhan was an important officer in his navy.
(v) During the campaign, the soldiers were instructed not to harm a mosque. If they came in possession of a copy of the Holy Quran, they should hand over the same with due respect to a Muslim.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj's religious tolerance is evident from his treatment of Muslims as his own people despite fighting Islamic rulers, the presence of Muslim officers like Siddi Ibrahim, Siddi Hilal, and Daulatkhan in his army and navy, and his strict orders to his soldiers to respect mosques and return any found copies of the Holy Quran respectfully to Muslims.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide multiple examples from the administration and military to fully illustrate Shivaji Maharaj's policy of religious tolerance.

Question 3. Explain Shivaji Maharaj's policy regarding the army.
Answer:
- There was strict discipline in the army.
- The soldiers were paid salaries regularly.
- They were paid cash and not jagirs.
- There was a strict order to the army that the valuable collected from the enemy territories were to be deposited with the government.
- Soldiers were honoured for their bravery.
- Maintenance of the families of soldiers who died in battles were looked after.
- He took care of the wounded soldiers and the enemy soldiers who had surrendered.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj maintained a highly disciplined army, ensuring regular cash payments instead of jagirs, prohibiting personal looting of valuables, honoring brave soldiers, and providing comprehensive welfare for the families of fallen soldiers, as well as caring for the wounded and surrendered enemies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the key aspects of discipline, payment methods, welfare, and ethical conduct to showcase the comprehensiveness of Shivaji Maharaj's army policy.

3. Give One Word For:

Question 1. An important officer in the navy of Swaraj.
Answer: Daulatkhan
In simple words: Daulatkhan was a significant figure who served as a naval officer in Shivaji Maharaj's administration, contributing to the strength of the Swaraj navy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Accurately identifying key personnel in Shivaji Maharaj's administration is crucial for demonstrating knowledge of his leadership.

Question 2. A Tamil poet who composed a poem on Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer: Subramanyam Bharati
In simple words: Subramanyam Bharati was a renowned Tamil poet who penned verses celebrating the greatness of Shivaji Maharaj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing cultural figures associated with historical personalities shows a broader understanding of historical impact.

Question 3. Created an independent kingdom in Bundelkhand.
Answer: Chhatrasal
In simple words: Chhatrasal was the ruler who successfully established an independent kingdom in the Bundelkhand region.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify regional leaders who carved out their own domains, reflecting the political landscape of the era.

Question 4. He composed Powadas on the greatness of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer: Mahatma Jyotirao Phule
In simple words: Mahatma Jyotirao Phule was a social reformer who notably composed 'Powadas', traditional Marathi ballads, extolling the virtues and achievements of Shivaji Maharaj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize important literary and historical contributions that celebrated Shivaji Maharaj's legacy.

Activities:

1. Tell how you help your friend in his need.

2. List the places named after famous personalities.

Can You Tell?

Question 1. How is the waste in your area managed?
Answer:
(i) Recycling: The waste materials such as old newspaper pieces of glass, bottles, empty tins are sold and later are used by recycling it.
(ii) Many NGOs are working for waste management. They are helping the rag pickers to collect the recycling waste from the door steps, rather than collecting from the soil in the bad and dirty condition.
- Creating Awareness for waste management.
- Use cloth bags instead of plastic.
- Bye food that has less packaging.
- Reduce paper usage.
- Separating the dry and the wet waste in separate bins.
In simple words: Waste management in my area involves recycling materials like glass and paper, efforts by NGOs to collect recyclable waste, raising awareness about waste management, using cloth bags, reducing packaging, and segregating dry and wet waste.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide practical and diverse examples of waste management practices to show a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

Question 2. State the name of the machinery that looks after waste management.
Answer: BMC: Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation.
In simple words: The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is the administrative body responsible for overseeing and managing waste in Mumbai.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific local governmental body responsible for public services like waste management in your region.

Think About It:

Question 1. Why is it necessary to grow trees?
Answer:
- Trees are very important on this planet.
- They give us oxygen, store carbon.
- They stabilise the soil and gives life.
- They absorb carbon dioxide and harmful gases such as sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide from air.
- They provide habitat and food for birds and other animals.
- They provide us the materials for tools and shelter
In simple words: Trees are essential for life on Earth because they produce oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide and pollutants, stabilize soil, support biodiversity by providing habitat and food, and offer valuable materials for human use.

🎯 Exam Tip: List a variety of ecological and practical benefits of trees to demonstrate a thorough understanding of their importance.

Complete The Sentence By Choosing The Appropriate Word From The Options Given Below:

Question 1. _______ was an important officer in the navy of the Swaraj. (Daulatkhan, Siddi Hilal, Tanaji Malusare)
Answer: (Daulatkhan) Daulatkhan was an important officer in the navy of the Swaraj.
In simple words: Daulatkhan was a crucial naval officer in the Swaraj administration.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, always verify the role or characteristic described matches the chosen personality.

Question 2. The Maharaj inspired _______ to create an independent kingdom in Bundelkhand. (Chhatrasal, Jim Mahal, Daulatkhan)
Answer: (Chhatrasal) The Maharaj inspired Chhatrasal to create an independent kingdom in Bundelkhand.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj's example motivated Chhatrasal to establish his own independent kingdom in Bundelkhand.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the influence of Shivaji Maharaj to other regional leaders and their achievements.

Question 3. _______ was a Sardar in the army of the Maharaj. (Siddi Ibrahim, Siddi Hilal, Daulatkhan)
Answer: (Siddi Hilal) Siddi Hilal was a Sardar in the army of the Maharaj.
In simple words: Siddi Hilal served as a Sardar, or chieftain, within Shivaji Maharaj's army.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall the names of prominent military leaders who served under Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 4. _______ has written a book about the greatness of Maharaj. (Pandit fawaharlal Nehru, Kahfikhan, Lala Lajpatrai)
Answer: (Lala Lajpatrai) Lala Lajpatrai has written a book about the greatness of Maharaj.
In simple words: Lala Lajpatrai authored a book that extensively covered the significant contributions and greatness of Shivaji Maharaj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of key authors and their works that document historical figures like Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 5. _______ sacrificed his life while conquering Sinhagad. (Hiroji Farjand, Jiva Mahal, Tanaji Malusare)
Answer: (Tanaji Malusare) Tanaji Malusare sacrificed his life while conquering Sinhagad.
In simple words: Tanaji Malusare made the ultimate sacrifice during the conquest of Sinhagad fort.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on prominent figures and their heroic sacrifices during important battles and conquests.

Question 6. _______ crossed the sledge of Panhalagad in disguise of Shivaji Maharaj. (kind, cash, gold)
Answer: (Shiva Kashid) Shiva Kashid crossed the sledge of Panhalagad in disguise of Shivaji Maharaj.
In simple words: Shiva Kashid bravely disguised himself as Shivaji Maharaj to distract the enemy and allow the real Maharaj to escape Panhalagad.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the details of key escape strategies and the individuals involved, like Shiva Kashid's sacrifice.

Question 7. Maharaj made arrangements to pay the salaries of soldiers in _______ (Shiva Kashid, Tanaji Malusare, Kanhoji)
Answer: (cash) Maharaj made arrangements to pay the salaries of soldiers in cash.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj ensured that his soldiers received their salaries directly in cash, a key aspect of his military administration.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note specific administrative policies like the payment system, as they reflect the efficiency and modernity of Shivaji Maharaj's rule.

Question 8. _______ described in his powadas the greatness of Shivaji Maharaj. (Lokmanya Tilak, Mahatma jyotirao Phule, Lola Lajpatrai)
Answer: (Mahatma Jyotirao Phule) Mahatma Jyotirao Phule described in his powadas the greatness of Shivaji Maharaj.
In simple words: Mahatma Jyotirao Phule used his lyrical 'powadas' to narrate and celebrate the heroic deeds and leadership of Shivaji Maharaj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the cultural and literary forms used to popularize and commemorate historical heroes.

Give One Word For:

Question 1. Built sea forts and created a navy.
Answer: Sindhudurg
In simple words: Sindhudurg is a prominent example of the sea forts built by Shivaji Maharaj, showcasing his foresight in establishing a strong navy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify key architectural achievements related to Shivaji Maharaj's military strategies, such as the construction of naval forts.

Question 2. Written long poem on Maharaj.
Answer: Vishwakavi Rabindranath Tagore.
In simple words: Rabindranath Tagore, the renowned poet, composed a lengthy poem honoring Shivaji Maharaj's legacy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Acknowledge the significant literary works that portray and immortalize historical figures.

Answer In One Or Two Sentences Each:

Question 1. Which powers ruled over Maharashtra before the foundation of Swaraj?
Answer: Adilshahi, the Portuguese and Mughal powers ruled over Maharashtra.
In simple words: Before Shivaji Maharaj established Swaraj, Maharashtra was under the control of the Adilshahi Sultanate, the Portuguese, and the Mughal Empire.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the major political entities that dominated the region before the rise of the Maratha Empire.

Question 2. Which four major dangers did Shivaji Maharaj face?
Answer:
(a) Meeting with Afzalkhan
(b) Siege of Panhala
(c) Attack on Shaistakhan
(d) Escape from Agra
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj faced significant dangers including the confrontation with Afzalkhan, the siege of Panhala, the attack by Shaistakhan, and his challenging escape from Agra.

🎯 Exam Tip: List specific, impactful events that posed direct threats to Shivaji Maharaj's life and reign.

Question 3. What had Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru said about Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer: "The Maharaj did not belong to Maharashtra alone, he belonged to the whole Indian nation", was said by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
In simple words: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru famously stated that Shivaji Maharaj's significance extended beyond Maharashtra, identifying him as a hero for the entire Indian nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember important quotes from national leaders about historical figures, as they reflect broader national perspectives.

Question 4. What shows that Shivaji Maharaj was a great environmentalist?
Answer:
(a) The garbage in his fort was burnt in an allotted space.
(b) Even vegetables had to be grown on its ash. These lines show that Shivaji Maharaj was a great environmentalist.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj's practice of burning fort garbage in designated areas and using the resulting ash to grow vegetables demonstrates his early understanding and implementation of environmental management and resource utilization.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide specific examples of his practices that reflect environmental consciousness, connecting historical actions to modern concepts.

Question 5. Mention few qualities of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer: Shivaji Maharaj had innumerable qualities like leadership, management, foresight, political diplomacy, military administration, loyalty towards truth and justice, etc.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj possessed exceptional qualities such as strong leadership, effective management, strategic foresight, political acumen, efficient military administration, and unwavering commitment to truth and justice.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on a diverse range of qualities that highlight his multifaceted role as a ruler and leader.

Question 6. Which actions of Shivaji Maharaj prove that he was a pioneer of a new era?
Answer: Maharaj established Swaraj while fighting against many enemies. This action itself proves that he was a pioneer of a new era.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj's establishment of Swaraj, despite facing numerous adversaries, fundamentally changed the political landscape and demonstrated his pioneering spirit in forging a new era of independent rule.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the creation of Swaraj as the primary evidence of his pioneering leadership and the shift he brought about.

Question 7. What did Shivaji Maharaj aim to establish?
Answer: Shivaji Maharaj aimed at establishing and maintaining an independent and sovereign existence, that did not accept the dominance of any power.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj sought to establish a fully independent and sovereign state, free from the control or dominance of any external power.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define Swaraj as an independent and sovereign state to capture the essence of his primary objective.

Question 8. What was deeply installed in Shivaji Maharaj's mind?
Answer: The teachings of his parents towards the establishmnet of Swaraj and ethics were deeply instilled in his mind.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj was deeply influenced by his parents' teachings, which instilled in him the core values and ethical principles necessary for establishing Swaraj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the significant influence of his parents in shaping his vision for Swaraj and his moral compass.

Question 9. How did Tagore see Shivaji Maharaj's efforts of founding Swaraj?
Answer: Tagore saw his efforts on founding Swaraj as efforts for realizing a noble cause.
In simple words: Rabindranath Tagore viewed Shivaji Maharaj's endeavors to establish Swaraj as the pursuit of a great and noble purpose.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand how influential figures like Tagore interpreted Shivaji Maharaj's historical mission, often elevating it to a moral ideal.

Find It From The Chapter:

Question 1. What advice did Shivaji Maharaj give theageing Kanhoji when he fell ill?
Answer: When the ageing Kanhoji fell ill, Maharaj told him not to neglect his medicines or treatment on any account.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj advised the ailing Kanhoji to prioritize his health and ensure he diligently followed his medical treatment.

🎯 Exam Tip: This illustrates Shivaji Maharaj's personal care for his subordinates, highlighting his humane leadership.

Write About The Following In Your Own Words:

Question 1. What inspiration can you draw from Shivaji Maharaj's life?
Answer:
(i) Future generation will continue to look upon the work of Shivaji Maharaj of founding the Swaraj and turning it into Surajya as an ideal and a source of inspiration.
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj was a great National Hero.
(iii) All Indian languages have works that talk about him as an ideal ruler and a source of inspiration.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj's life inspires future generations through his monumental achievement of founding Swaraj and transforming it into Surajya, establishing him as a national hero celebrated across various Indian languages as an exemplary ruler.

🎯 Exam Tip: Summarize the core aspects of Shivaji Maharaj's legacy that resonate widely as sources of inspiration.

Question 2. Organisational skills of the Maharaj.
Answer: The organisational skills of the Maharaj were unparallel and for this he had his royal associates.
- Jiva Mahala killed Sayyid Banda during the meeting with Afzalkhan.
- Bajiprabhu Deshpande blocked the advances of the enemy on the way to Vishalgad.
- Murarbaji Deshpande defended the fort of Purandar.
- Tanaji Malusare sacrificed his life while conquering Sinhagad.
In simple words: Shivaji Maharaj possessed exceptional organizational skills, evident in his ability to gather and inspire loyal associates like Jiva Mahala, Bajiprabhu Deshpande, Murarbaji Deshpande, and Tanaji Malusare, who performed heroic feats crucial to the establishment and defense of Swaraj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide specific examples of his associates' actions to illustrate the effectiveness of Shivaji Maharaj's leadership and organizational prowess.