Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1: Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials are referred to as
(a) heterotrophs
(b) autotrophs
(c) parasites
(d) saprophytes
Solution 1: (b) Autotrophs
Autotrophs are those organisms who prepare their food by themselves. They use those ingredients which are available through nature. Heterotrophs are those who rely on others for their food. Parasites rely on their host for food. Host provide food to the parasites. The organisms which eat dead and decayed matter are saprophytes.
Question 2: In the absence of which of the following will photosynthesis not occur in leaves?
(a) Guard cells
(b) Chlorophyll
(c) Vacuole
(d) Space between cells
Solution 2: (b) Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is the green pigment present in the leaves of the plants. It helps the leaves to absorb sunlight from sun. That is why chlorophyll is very essential for photosynthesis.
Question 3: Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(i) All green plants can prepare their own food.
(ii) Most animals are autotrophs.
(iii) Carbon dioxide is not required for photosynthesis.
(iv) Oxygen is liberated during photosynthesis.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (ii) only
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (ii)
Solution 3: (a) (i) and (iv)
Statements second and third are incorrect as animals are not autotrophs infact they are heterotrophs and Carbon-di-oxide is very much essential during photosynthesis.
Question 4: Pitcher plant traps insects because it
(a) is a heterotroph.
(b) grows in soils which lack nitrogen.
(c) does not have chlorophyll.
(d) has a digestive system like human beings.
Solution 4: (b) grows in soils which lack in nitrogen.
There is deficiency of nitrogen in soil where Pitcher plants are grown. As for photosynthesis process they don’t get nitrogen from soil they use to trap insects to accomplish their task.
Question 5: The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and bread-mould is
(a) autotrophic
(b) insectivorous
(c) saprophytic
(d) parasitic
Solution 5: (c) saprophytic
The mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and bread-mould is saprophytic as they get the nourishment from dead and decayed matters.
Question 6: When we observe the lower surface of a leaf through a magnifying lens we see numerous small openings. Which of the following is the term given to such openings?
(a) Stomata
(b) Lamina
(c) Midrib
(d) Veins
Solution 6: (a) Stomata
Stomata are the tiny openings present on the epidermis of leaves. Stomata play an important role in gaseous exchange and photosynthesis. Green expanded part of the leaf is Lamina. The midrib is middle prominent vein. Leaves get strength from veins.
Question 7: Two organisms are good friends and live together. One provides shelter, water, and nutrients while the other prepares and provides food. Such an association of organisms is termed as
(a) saprophyte
(b) parasite
(c) autotroph
(d) symbiosis
Solution 7: (d) symbiosis
Symbiosis is an association of organisms wherein one provides shelter, water and nutrients whereas other organism produces and provides food. Saprophyte eats dead and decayed organisms. Parasites get nutrition from their host. Autotrophs prepare their food by themselves.
Question 8: Which of the following raw material is available in the air for photosynthesis?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Hydrogen
Solution 8: (b) Carbon dioxide
For the process of photosynthesis plants require Carbon dioxide, Water, Sunlight and Chlorophyll. Water they get from soil, Sunlight from sun, Chlorophyll from leaves and Carbon dioxide from air.
Very Short Answer Questions......................
Question 9: Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the food prepared in these plants?
Solution 9: Food in the potato and ginger plants is prepared by leaves and shoots which are above the ground. These plants do process of photosynthesis and store food below the ground.
Question 10: Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, and a few other raw materials. Add the missing raw materials to the list given below: Water, minerals, _____________, ______________.(a) (b)
Solution 10:
(a) Sunlight
(b) carbon-dioxide
Short Answer Questions........................
Question 11: A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few days, new leaves could be seen sprouting in the plant again. How did the plant survive without leaves?
Solution 11: Balsam plants do survive without leaves as the plants store a sufficient amount of energy in the root and shoot and this is the reason why these plants can survive without leaves for few days.
Question 12: Unscramble the following to form terms related to modes of nutrition.
(i) RASPAEIT
(ii) ROPEHYTSAP
(iii) TOROPHAUT
(iv) SIBIOMSYS
Solution 12:
(i) PARASITE
(ii) SAPROPHYTE
(iii) AUTOTROPH
(iv) SYMBIOSIS
Question 13: Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth. But farmers who cultivate pulse crops like green gram, bengal gram, black gram, etc. do not apply nitrogenous fertilizers during cultivation. Why?
Solution 13: Bacteria known as Rhizobium use to fix nitrogen deficiency in pulses like green grams, bengal grams, black gram, etc. as the roots of these plants create cooperative relationship with the bacteria.
Question 14: Wheat dough is left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell and becomes unfit for use. Give reason.
Solution 14: When wheat dough is left open for few days it starts to emit a foul smell and becomes unfit for use due the presence of carbohydrates in the wheat flour which gives a space to yeast and fungi to grow.
Question 15: Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available? Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials.
(a) Available in the plant : _______________
(b) Available in the soil : _______________, _______________
(c) Available in the air : _______________
(d) Available during day : _______________
Solution 15:
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Minerals, Water
(c) Carbon-dioxide
(d) Sunlight
Question 16: Observe the diagram given as Figure 1.1 and label the following terms given in the box
Solution 16:
Long Answer Questions................
Question 17: Match the organisms given in Column I with their mode of nutrition given in Column II.
Solution 17:
Question 18: Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this mean that they can survive without plants? Can you provide a suitable explanation?
Solution 18: Wild animals are heterotrophs that mean they do not eat plants directly rather they consume those animals that eat plants. Animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard eats herbivorous animals. If plants would not be there then the survival of herbivores become impossible. Hence all the living organisms rely on plants.
Question 19: Fill in the blanks of the paragraph given below with the words provided in the box.
Leaves have a green pigment called (a) which captures (b) from sunlight. This (c) is used in the process of (d) and along with other raw materials like (e) and (f) synthesize (g).
Solution 19: Leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll which captures energy from sunlight. This energy is used in the process of photosynthesis and along with other raw materials like water and carbon-dioxide synthesize food.
Question 20: Spot as many organisms as possible in the puzzle given as Figure 1.2 by encircling them as shown. Write the names on a sheet of paper and categorise them into autotrophs and heterotrophs. Classify the heterotrophs into herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and saprophytes.
Solution 20:
Question 21: Can you give me a name? Solve each of the following riddles by writing the name of the organism and its mode of nutrition. One riddle is solved to help you.
(a) I am tall but I cannot move. I am green and can prepare my own food. tree, autotroph
(b) I live in water; people keep me in an aquarium and feed me. ,
(c) I am small and I can fly. I disturb your sleep, bite you and suck your blood which is my food. ,
(d) I am white and soft. I grow well in the rainy season. Children pluck me from the ground and admire me. I absorb nutrients from decomposed dead parts of plants and animals in the soil.
Solution 21:
(a) Trees are tall but cannot move. They are autotrophs as they are green and can prepare their own food.
(b) Fish lives in water. Fishes are heterotrophs as they do not prepare their own food.
(c) Mosquitoes are small and can fly. They are parasites and dependent on their hosts.
(d) Mushrooms are white and soft. They are saprophytes as they absorb nutrients from decomposed parts of plants and animals.