NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry in Everyday Life

Read and download NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry in Everyday Life in NCERT book for Class 12 Chemistry. You can download latest NCERT eBooks chapter wise in PDF format free from Studiestoday.com. This Chemistry textbook for Class 12 is designed by NCERT and is very useful for students. Please also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry to understand the answers of the exercise questions given at the end of this chapter

NCERT Book for Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life

Class 12 Chemistry students should refer to the following NCERT Book Chemistry In Everyday Life in Class 12. This NCERT Book for Class 12 Chemistry will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Chemistry In Everyday Life NCERT Book Class 12

 

By now, you have learnt the basic principles of chemistry and also realised that it influences every sphere of human life. The principles of chemistry have been used for the benefit of mankind. Think of cleanliness — the materials like soaps, detergents, household bleaches, tooth pastes, etc. will come to your mind. Look towards the beautiful clothes — immediately chemicals of the synthetic fibres used for making clothes and chemicals giving colours to them will come to your mind. Food materials — again a number of chemicals about which you have learnt in the previous Unit will appear in your mind. Of course, sickness and diseases remind us of medicines — again chemicals. Explosives, fuels, rocket propellents, building and electronic materials, etc., are all chemicals. Chemistry has influenced our life so much that we do not even realise that we come across chemicals at every moment; that we ourselves are beautiful chemical creations and all our activities are controlled by chemicals. In this Unit, we shall learn the application of Chemistry in three important and interesting areas, namely – medicines, food materials and cleansing agents.

Drugs and their Classification

Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses (~100 – 500u). These interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. When the biological response is therapeutic and useful, these chemicals
are called medicines and are used in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. If taken in doses higher than those recommended, most of the drugs used as medicines are potential poisons. Use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy,

Classification of Drugs

Drugs can be classified mainly on criteria outlined as follows:
(a) On the basis of pharmacological effect
This classification is based on pharmacological effect of the drugs. It is useful for doctors because it provides them the whole range of drugs available for the treatment of a particular type of problem. For example, analgesics have pain killing effect, antiseptics kill or arrest the growth of microorganisms. (b) On the basis of drug action It is based on the action of a drug on a particular biochemical process. For example, all antihistamines inhibit the action of the compound, histamine which causes inflammation in the body. There are various ways in which action of histamines can be blocked. You will learn about this in Section 16.3.2.
(c) On the basis of chemical structure
It is based on the chemical structure of the drug. Drugs classified in this way share common structural features and often have similar pharmacological activity. For example, sulphonamides have common structural feature, given below.

(d) On the basis of molecular targets
Drugs usually interact with biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. These are called target molecules or drug targets. Drugs possessing some common structural features may have the same mechanism of action on targets. The classification based on molecular targets is the most useful classification for medicinal chemists.

Exercises

16.1 Why do we need to classify drugs in different ways ?
16.2 Explain the term, target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.
16.3 Name the macromolecules that are chosen as drug targets.
16.4 Why should not medicines be taken without consulting doctors ?
16.5 Define the term chemotherapy.
16.6 Which forces are involved in holding the drugs to the active site of enzymes ?
16.7 While antacids and antiallergic drugs interfere with the function of histamines, why do these not interfere with the function of each other ?
16.8 Low level of noradrenaline is the cause of depression. What type of drugs are needed to cure this problem ? Name two drugs.
16.9 What is meant by the term ‘broad spectrum antibiotics’ ? Explain.
16.10 How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants ? Give one example of each.
16.11 Why are cimetidine and ranitidine better antacids than sodium hydrogencarbonate or magnesium or aluminium hydroxide ?
16.12 Name a substance which can be used as an antiseptic as well as disinfectant.
16.13 What are the main constituents of dettol ?
16.14 What is tincture of iodine ? What is its use ?
16.15 What are food preservatives ?

Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry in Everyday Life

Unit 06 General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
Unit 08 The d- and f-Block Elements
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry The d and f Block Elements
Unit 10 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Unit 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Alcohols Phenols and Ethers
Unit 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Unit 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry in Everyday Life

NCERT Book Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life

The above NCERT Books for Class 12 Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for Chemistry In Everyday Life Chemistry Class 12 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to Chemistry In Everyday Life NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 12 Chemistry are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 12 Chemistry In Everyday Life book for Chemistry also includes collection of question. Along with Chemistry Class 12 NCERT Book in Pdf for Chemistry In Everyday Life we have provided all NCERT Books in English Medium for Class 12 which will be really helpful for students who have opted for english language as a medium. Class 12 students will need their books in English so we have provided them here for all subjects in Class 12.

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