Official NCERT Book for Class 10 Mathematics: Chapter 10 Circles
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You have studied in Class IX that a circle is a collection of all points in a plane which are at a constant distance (radius) from a fixed point (centre). You have also studied various terms related to a circle like chord, segment, sector, arc etc. Let us now examine the different situations that can arise when a circle and a line are given in a plane.
So, let us consider a circle and a line PQ. There can be three possibilities given in Fig. 10.1 below: Fig. 10.1
In Fig. 10.1 (i), the line PQ and the circle have no common point. In this case, PQ is called a non-intersecting line with respect to the circle. In Fig. 10.1 (ii), there are two common points A and B that the line PQ and the circle have. In this case, we call the line PQ a secant of the circle. In Fig. 10.1 (iii), there is only one point A which is common to the line PQ and the circle. In this case, the line is called a tangent to the circle.
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Yes, our collection of Class 10 Mathematics NCERT books follow the 2026 rationalization guidelines. All deleted chapters have been removed and has latest content for you to study.
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NCERT books are the main source for NCERT exams. By reading NCERT Book Class 10 Maths Circles line-by-line and practicing its questions, students build strong understanding to get full marks in Mathematics.