CBSE Class 11 Accounting Vouchers and their preparation

Accounting-Vouchers and their preparation

4.1 Types of Vouchers: Vouchers are of two types

i) Supporting vouchers

ii) Accounting vouchers

Vouchers which support business transactions are called supporting vouchers, for e.g., cash receipts, invoices, bills, counterfoils of pay-in-slips confirming the deposit of cash or cheques in the bank etc. Supporting vouchers are the primary evidence of business transactions having taken place.

A supporting voucher is a written document having details of the business transaction and signed by the maker. It can be used as legal evidence of a business transaction having taken place.

Supporting vouchers, for the purpose of recording the transactions in the journal proper or subsidiary books, are handed over to the accountant. These supporting vouchers may be in different forms, shapes and sizes. No doubt that supporting vouchers support business transactions but before the transactions are recorded in the books of accounts they should be properly analysed. The analysis of business transactions for the purpose of recording is done by preparing another set of vouchers called ‘accounting vouchers’. An accounting voucher, therefore, refers to a written document containing the analysis of business transaction for accounting and recording purposes, prepared by the accountant on the basis of supporting vouchers. The accounting voucher is countersigned by some authorised and responsible person of the business organisation. We shall discuss accounting vouchers in detail here.

4.2 Types of Accounting Vouchers: Accounting vouchers may be divided into two categories.

i) Cash vouchers

ii) Non-cash vouchers

4.2.1 Cash Vouchers: Cash vouchers are prepared for cash transactions i.e. cash receipts and cash

payments. They can be further subdivided into two

i) Credit vouchers and

ii) Debit Vouchers

Credit Vouchers: Credit vouchers are prepared for recording transactions related to receipt of cash only.

The business may receive cash because of the following reasons.

Cash sales of goods

Cash sales of assets

Income received in cash, for e.g., rent received, interest received, dividend received on investments etc.

Cash received from debtors

Loan obtained

Cash withdrawn from bank for use in business

Cash brought as capital by the owner(s)

Cash received in advance from the customers or for providing certain other services.

In all transactions pertaining to the receipt of cash, one aspect of the transaction is cash account and the other aspect is the account on account of which cash has been received, for e.g., the individual, or firm, or entity from whom cash has been received, or the revenue heads of accounts, or the fixed asset on the sale of which cash has been received. While recording a transaction on the basis of a credit voucher, cash account is debited with the amount given in the voucher and the account on account of which cash has been received is credited. The name of the account which is to be credited is mentioned in the credit voucher.

Please refer to the link below - CBSE Class 11 Accounting-Vouchers and their preparation