Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

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Study Material for Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Class 7 Science students should refer to the following Pdf for Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms in Class 7. These notes and test paper with questions and answers for Class 7 Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes. Please refer to the examination notes which you can use for preparing and revising for exams. These notes will help you to revise the concepts quickly and get good marks.

Covers following topics

1.Respiration

2.Breathing

3.Types of Respiration

4.Anaerobic Respiration in Human

5.Respiration in Plants

6.Respiration in Animals

7.Respiration system of human

8.Mechanism of respiration          

Respiration

The process of taking oxygen into the cells, using it for enrgy release & then eliminating the waste products like CO2 & H2O is known as respiration. It is a very slow process. A number of enzyme help in the process of respiration.

Breathing

The process of taking in O2 rich air into the lungs & giving out carbon dioxide rich air is known as breathing.

Breathing process include 2 steps -

Inhalation :

The process of taking in air is called inhalation.

Exhalation :

Giving out of air is called exhalation.

Breathing involves only exchange of gases.

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There are 2 types of respiration

 Aerobic respiration :

 In this types of respiration complete oxidation of glucose take place & CO2, H2O & Energy are released.

 Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen & is carried out in the bodies of almost all living animals & plants

 Anaerobic respiration :

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

 In anaerobic respiration, there is incomplete oxidation of glucose CO2, ethyl alcohol & energy are the end products.

 Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absece of oxyen.

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

Alcohol + CO2 + Energy

 Yeast & some bacteria show anaerobic respiration.

 Anaerobic respiration in microorganism present in food & alcohol causes fermentation.

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION IN HUMAN

• During excessive physical exercise, anaerobic respiration takes place in muscle to produce lactic acid.

• The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle cause fatigue & pain.

RESPIRATION IN PLANTS

 Like all other living organisms, plants also respire for their survival. They also take in oxygen from the air and give out carbon dioxide. During this process most of the plants use atmospheric oxygen to break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water with the release of energy.

 In plants, breathing takes place through tiny holes or openings called stomata present under the leaves. Stomata traps air and the exchange of gases takes place inside the plant cells.

◊ Stomal Apparatus :

 A stomatal opening surrounded with two guard cells and several subsidiary cells is called stomatal apparatus.

The opening and closing of the stomata is brought about by the expansion and contraction of the guard cells. Guard cells expand and contract due to the flow of water in and out of the cells. The exchange of gases in plants is not as fast as in animals.

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

 Plant roots also respire. Roots take in oxygen from the air present between the soil particles.

 Some of the woody stems take in air through openings called lenticels.

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

 

RESPIRATION IN ANIMALS

• Respiration through moist skin Eg. Frog & Earthworm

 Respiration through cell membrane Eg. Amoeba 

• Respiration through Spiracles Eg. Cockroach 

 Respiration through gills Eg. Fishes 

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF HUMAN

The respiratory system in human beings concsists of the following organs

 Nasal Cavity :

 Air enters the nose through the nostrils and reaches the nasal cavity.

 Larynx :

 The nasal cavity leads into the pharynx. From the pharynx air passes into a rectangular chamber called larynx

 Trachea :

 The trachea or wind pipe is a delicate muscular tube situated in the front of the neck. It is 12 cm in length and 2.5 cm in diameter. The trachea divides into two bronchi.

 Bronchi :

 Each bronchus leads to the lungs of its own side. Each bronchus then branches into smaller tubes known as bronchioles. They end in tiny globules called air sacs or alveoli where exchange of gases takes place.

 Lungs :

 Lungs are two in number and are present in the chest cavity of the body. Air sacs are richly supplied with blood vessels. When air enters the lungs, the blood takes in oxygen and gives out carbon dioxide and water

 Blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body from the lungs.

 When we exhale, the carbon dioxide rich air follows the reverse route finally moving out through the nose as shown below.

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

MECHANISM OF BREATHING

 Breathing takes place with the help of the intercostal muscles between the ribs and the diaphragm. When we breathe in, the intercostal muscles contract and the ribs are pushed outwards. The chest cavity becomes larger and the air rushes into the lungs.

 During breathing out, the intercostal muscles relax and the ribs move inwards. The chest cavity shrinks and the air containing carbon dioxide is pushed out of the lungs.

Class 7 Science Respiration in Plants and Animals Exam Notes

 

 Breathing rate : The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as the breathing rate. The normal breathing rate in adult at rest ranges from 12 to 20.


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CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms Study Material

We hope students liked the above Study Material for Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms designed as per the latest syllabus for Class 7 Science released by CBSE. Students of Class 7 should download the Study Material in Pdf format, read the notes and related questions and solutions given in above Class 7 Science Study Material on daily basis. All latest Study Material have been developed for Science by referring to the most important and regularly asked topics which the students should learn and practice to get better score in school tests and examinations. Expert teachers of studiestoday have referred to NCERT book for Class 7 Science to develop the Science Class 7 Study Material. After solving the questions given in the Study Material which have been developed as per latest course books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 7 Science designed by our teachers. Also download Class 7 Science Sample Papers given on studiestoday. After solving these you should also refer to Class 7 Science MCQ Test for the same chapter.

 

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