CBSE Class 12 Physics Lens and Mirror
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NCERT Class 12 Physics Moving Charges and Magnetism
Chapter Four MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM 4.1 INTRODUCTION Both Electricity and Magnetism have been known for more than 2000 years. However, it was only about 200 years ago, in 1820, that it was realised that they were intimately related*. During a lecture demonstration in…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Magnetism and Matter
Chapter Five MAGNETISM AND MATTER 5.1 INTRODUCTION Magnetic phenomena are universal in nature. Vast, distant galaxies, the tiny invisible atoms, men and beasts all are permeated through and through with a host of magnetic fields from a variety of sources. The earth’s…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Chapter Two ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE 2.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapters 6 and 8 (Class XI), the notion of potential energy was introduced. When an external force does work in taking a body from a point to another against a force like spring force or gravitational…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Electromagnetic Waves
Chapter Eight ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 8.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 4, we learnt that an electric current produces magnetic field and that two current-carrying wires exert a magnetic force on each other. Further, in Chapter 6, we have seen that a magnetic field changing with…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter Six ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION 6.1 INTRODUCTION Electricity and magnetism were considered separate and unrelated phenomena for a long time. In the early decades of the nineteenth century, experiments on electric current by Oersted, Ampere and a few others established…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Electric Charges and Fields
Chapter One ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS 1.1 INTRODUCTION All of us have the experience of seeing a spark or hearing a crackle when we take off our synthetic clothes or sweater, particularly in dry weather. This is almost inevitable with ladies garments like a polyester saree…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Wave Optics
Chapter Ten WAVE OPTICS 10.1 INTRODUCTION In 1637 Descartes gave the corpuscular model of light and derived Snell’s law. It explained the laws of reflection and refraction of light at an interface. The corpuscular model predicted that if the ray of light (on refraction) bends…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Current Electricity
Chapter Three CURRENT ELECTRICITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 1, all charges whether free or bound, were considered to be at rest. Charges in motion constitute an electric current. Such currents occur naturally in many situations. Lightning is one such phenomenon in which…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics Materials and Devices and Simple Circuits
Chapter Fourteen SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES AND SIMPLE CIRCUITS 14.1 INTRODUCTION Devices in which a controlled flow of electrons can be obtained are the basic building blocks of all the electronic circuits. Before the discovery of transistor in 1948, such…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Chapter Nine RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS 9.1 INTRODUCTION Nature has endowed the human eye (retina) with the sensitivity to detect electromagnetic waves within a small range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Electromagnetic radiation belonging to this region of the …
NCERT Class 12 Physics Answers and Solutions
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NCERT Class 12 Physics Nuclei
Chapter Thirteen NUCLEI 13.1 INTRODUCTION In the previous chapter, we have learnt that in every atom, the positive charge and mass are densely concentrated at the centre of the atom forming its nucleus. The overall dimensions of a nucleus are much smaller than those of an…
NCERT Class 12 Physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter Eleven DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER 11.1 INTRODUCTION The Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetism and Hertz experiments on the generation and detection of electromagnetic waves in 1887 strongly established the wave nature of light. Towards the same period at the…