Question- At absolute zero
(a) all substances exist in solid form
(b) molecular motion ceases
(c) water becomes
(d) None of the above
Ans-(b)
Question- At critical temperature, the surface tension of a liquid is :
(a) zero
(b) infinity
(c) the same as that at any other temperature
(d) cannot be determined
Ans-(a)
Question- The reading of Centigrade thermometer coincides with that of Fahrenheit thermometer in a liquid. The temperature of the liquid is :
(a) –40°C
(b) 0°C
(c) 100°C
(d) 300°C
Ans- (a)
Question- Two metal rods A and B are having their initial length in the ratio 2 : 3 and the co-efficients of linear expansion in the ratio 3 : 4. When they are heated through the same temperature difference, the ratio of their line or expansion is
(a) 3 : 4
(b) 1 : 2
(c) 2 : 3
(d) 4 : 3
Ans-(b)
Question- As the temperature is increased, the time period of a pendulum :
(a) increases as its effective length increases even though its centre of mass still remains at the centre of the bob.
(b) decreases as its effective length increases even though its centre of mass still remains at the centre of the bob.
(c) increases as its effective length increases due to shifting of centre of mass below the centre of the bob.
(d) decreases as its effective length remains same but the centre of mass shifts above the centre of the bob.
Ans-(a)
Question- Which of the following qualities are best suited for a cooking utensil
(a) high specific heat and low thermal conductivity
(b) high specific heat and high thermal conductivity
(c) low specific heat and low thermal conductivity
(d) low specific heat and high thermal conductivity
Ans-(d)
Question- Relation between molar and principal specific heat of gases
(a) Cp = Mcp
(b) Cp = M + cp
(c) cp = MCp
(d) Cp = M – cp
Ans-(a)
Question- Liquids at temperature 60°C and 20°C, respectively, have mass ratio 3 : 4 and their specific heats in the ratio 4 : 5. If the two liquid mixed, the resultant temperature
(a) 70°C
(b) 0°C
(c) 35°C
(d) 40°C
Ans-(c)
Question- Dimensions of latent heat are
(a) [M1 L2 T–2]
(b) [M0 L2 T–2]
(c) [M1 L1 T–1]
(d) [M1 L1 T–2]
Ans-(b)
Question- A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of 50 N/m2 from a volume of 10m3 to a volume of 4 m3. Energy of 100 J is then added to the gas by heating. Its internal energy is:
(a) increased by 400 J
(b) increased by 200 J
(c) increased by 100 J
(d) decreased by 200 J
Ans-(a)
Question- A perfect gas is filled at same temperature in three containers of volumes V, V/2 and V/4. If the respective masses of the gas are M, M/2 and M/4, the pressures exerted on the walls of three containers are
(a) Unequal and maximum in the container of the smallest volume
(b) Unequal and maximum in the container of the largest volume
(c) Equal in all the three cases
(d) Equal in the two containers
Ans-(c)
Question- Peffect gas is one whose molecules
(a) Attract one another weakly
(b) Repel one another weakly
(c) Strongly attract or repel one another
(d) Neither attract or repel one another
Ans-(d)
Question- The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on :
(a) Pressure
(b) Volume
(c) Temperature
(d) Size of the molecule
Ans-(c)
Question- A given system undergoes a change in which work done by the system equals the decrease in its internal energy.The system must have undergone
(a) isothermal change
(b) adiabatic change
(c) isobaric change
(d) isochoric change
Ans-(b)
Question- Mean free path (λ) is
(a) inversely proportional to the diameter of molecule
(b) inversely proportional to the square of diameter of molecule
(c) inversely proportional to the number of molecules per unit volume.
(d) both b and c
Ans-(d)
Question- In a given process for an ideal gas, dW = 0 and dQ < 0.Then for the gas,
(a) temperature will decrease
(b) volume will increase
(c) pressure will remain constant
(d) temperature will increase
Ans-(a)
Question- If pressure and temperature of an ideal gas are doubled and volume is halved, the number of molecules of the gas
(a) become half
(b) become 4 times
(c) become two times
(d) remain constant
Ans-(a)
Question- Real gases obey gas laws more closely at
(a) High pressure and low temperature
(b) Low pressure and high temperature
(c) High pressure and high temperature
(d) Low pressure and low temperature
Ans-(b)
Question- By what percentage should the pressure of a given mass of a gas be increased so as to decrease its volume by 10% at a constant temperature?
(a) 8.1%
(b) 10.1%
(c) 9.1%
(d) 11.1%
Ans-(d)
Question- Two metal rods A and B of equal lengths and equal cross sectional areas are joined end-to-end. The co-efficients of thermal conductivity of A and B are in the ratio 2 : 3. When the free end of A is maintained at 100°C and the free end of B is maintained at 0°C, the temperature of the junction is
(a) 30°C
(b) 40°C
(c) 50°C
(d) 60°C
Ans-(b)
Question- In steady state
(a) temperature does not change with time
(b) all parts of the body are at same temperature
(c) there is no flow of heat
(d) all of the above
Ans-(a)
Question- A sphere, a cube and a thin circular plate, all of same material and same mass, are initially heated to same high temperature. Choose the correct statement.
(a) The plate will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
(b) The sphere will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
(c) The plate will cool fastest and sphere the slowest.
(d) The cube will cool fastest and plate the slowest.
Ans-(c)
Question- Velocity of heat radiation v as related to the velocity of light c is
(a) v > c
(b) v = c
(c) v < c
(d) no definite relation
Ans-(b)
Question- Heat is transferred most rapidly by the process of
(a) Conduction
(b) Convection
(c) Radiation
(d) Combustion
Ans-(c)
Question- A body cools from 50°C to 46°C in 5 minutes and to 40°C in the next 10 minutes. The surrounding temperature is :
(a) 30°C
(b) 28°C
(c) 36°C
(d) 32°C
Ans-(b)
Question- Newton’s law of cooling is used in laboratory for determining:
(a) Specific heat of gases
(b) Specific heat of liquids
(c) Latent heat of gases
(d) Latent heat of liquids
Ans-(b)
Question-If the rate of change of temperature is 0.2°C/ min and excess temperature of a body over surrounding is 20°C, the constant of proportionality is
(a) 0.1
(b) 0.01
(c) 1
(d) 0.001
Ans-(b)
Question-Newton’s law of cooling is applicable for
(a) Any excess of temperature over the surrounding
(b) Small excess of temperature over the surrounding
(c) Large excess of temperature over the surrounding
(d) Very large excess of temperature over the surrounding
Ans-(b)
Question-1 mole of a gas with γ = 7/5 is mixed with 1 mole of a gas with γ = 5/3, then the value of γ for the resulting mixture is
(a) 7/5
(b) 2/5
(c) 24/16
(d) 12/7
Ans-(c)
Question-At what temperature is the r.m.s. velocity of a hydrogen molecule equal to that of an oxygen molecule at 47°C ?
(a) 80 K
(b) –73 K
(c) 3K
(d) 20 K
Ans-(d)
Question-One mole of ideal monoatomic gas ( γ = 5/3) is mixed with one mole of diatomic gas ( γ = 7/5). What is γ for the mixture ? γ denotes the ratio of specific heat at constant pressure, to that at constant volume
(a) 3/2
(b) 23/15
(c) 35/23
(d) 4/3
Ans-(a)
Question-A gaseous mixture consists of 16 g of helium and 16 g of oxygen, The ratio CP/CV of the mixtrue is
(a) 1.4
(b) 1.54
(c) 1.59
(d) 1.62
Ans-(d)
Question-Even Carnot engine cannot give 100% efficiency because we cannot
(a) prevent radiation
(b) find ideal sources
(c) reach absolute zero temperature
(d) eliminate friction
Ans-(c)
Question-Which statement is incorrect ?
(a) all reversible cycles have same efficiency
(b) reversible cycle has more efficiency than the irreversible one
(c) Carnot cycle is a reversible one
(d) Carnot cycle has the maximum efficiency in all cycles
Ans-(a)
Question-Two spheres of the same material have radii 1 m and 4 m and temperatures 4000 K and 2000 K respectively. The ratio of the energy radiated per second by the first sphere to that by the second is
(a) 1 : 1
(b) 16 : 1
(c) 4 : 1
(d) 1 : 9
Ans-(a)
Question-If mass-energy equivalence is taken into account, when water is cooled to form ice, the mass of water should
(a) increase
(b) remain unchanged
(c) decrease
(d) first increase then decrease
Ans-(c)
Question- Which of the following is more close to a black body ?
(b) Black board paint
(b) Green leaves
(c) Black holes
(d) Red roses
Ans-(c)
Question-Infrared radiations are detected by
(a) spectrometer
(b) pyrometer
(c) nanometer
(d) photometer
Ans-(b)
Question-Heat given to a body which raises its temperature by 1°C is
(a) water equivalent
(b) thermal capacity
(c) specific heat
(d) temperature gradient
Ans-(b)
Question-Cooking gas containers are kept in a lorry moving with uniform speed. The temperature of the gas molecules inside will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain same
(d) decrease for some, while increase for others
Ans-(c)
Question- “Heat cannot by itself flow from a body at lower temperature to a body at higher temperature” is a statement or consequence of
(a) second law of thermodynamics
(b) conservation of momentum
(c) conservation of mass
(d) first law of thermodynamics
Ans-(a)
Question- Which of the following parameters does not characterize the thermodynamic state matter?
(a) temperature
(b) pressure
(c) work
(d) volume
Ans-(c)
Question- Which of the following statements is correct for any thermodynamic system ?
(a) The internal energy changes in all processes
(b) Internal energy and entropy are state functions
(c) The change in entropy can never be zero
(d) The work done in an adiabatic process is always zero
Ans-(b)
Question- If the temperature of the sun were to increase from T to 2T and its radius from R to 2R, then the ratio of the radiant energy received on earth to what it was previously, will be
(a) 4
(b) 16
(c) 32
(d) 64
Ans-(d)
Question- Which of the following is incorrect regarding the first law of thermodynamics ?
(a) It introduces the concept of the internal anergy
(b) It introduces the concept of entropy
(c) It is not applicable to any cyclic process
(d) It is a restatement of the principle of conservation of energy
Ans-(b, c)
Question- The work of 146 kJ is performed in order to compress one kilo mole of gas adiabatically and in this process the temperatue of the gas increases by 7ºC. The gas is (R = 8.3 J mol–1 K–1)
(a) monoatomic
(b) diatomic
(c) triatornic
Ans-(b)
Question- A Carnot engine, having an efficiency of η = 1/10 as heat engine, is used as a refrigrator. If the work done on the system is 10 J, the amount of energy absorbed from the reservior at lower temperature is
(a) 100 J
(b) 99 J
(c) 90 J
(d) 1J
Ans-(c)
Question- Assume the gas to be ideal the work done by the gas in taking it from A to B is
(a) 200 R
(b) 300 R
(c) 400 R
(d) 500 R
Ans-(c)
Question- The work done by the gas in taking it from D to A is
(a) – 414 R
(b) +414 R
(c) – 690 R
(d) + 690 R
Ans-(a)
Question- The net work by the gas in the cycle ABCDA is
(a) zero
(b) 276 R
(c) 1076 R
(d) 1904 R
Ans-(b)
Question- An aluminium sphere of 20 cm diameter is heated from 0°C to 100°C. Its volume changes by (given that coefficient of linear expansion for aluminium αA1 = 23 × 10–6/°C)
(a) 28.9 cc
(b) 2.89 cc
(c) 9.28 cc
(d) 49.8 cc
Ans-(a)
Question- 100 g of water is heated from 30°C to 50°C. Ignoring the slight expansion of the water, the change in its internal energy is (specific heat of water is 4184 j/kg/K).
(a) 8.4 kJ
(b) 84 kJ
(c) 2.1 kJ
(d) 4.2 kJ
Ans-(a)
Question- A Carnot engine, whose efficiency is 40%, takes in heat from a source maintained at a temperature of 500 K. If is desired to have an engine of efficiency 60%. Then, the intake temperature for the same exhaust (sink) temperature must be
(a) Efficiency of Carnot engine cannot be made large than 50%
(b) 1200 K
(c) 750 K
(d) 600 K
Ans-(c)
Question- Parallel rays of light of intensity l=912 Wm–2 are incident on a spherical black body kept in surroundings of temperature 300 K. Take Stefan-Boltzmann constant σ= 5.7 × 10–8 Wm–2 K–4 and assume that the energy exchange with the surroundings is only through radiation. The final steady state temperature of the black body is close to
(a) 330 K
(b) 660 K
(c) 990 K
(d) 1550 K
Ans-(a)
Question- Three rods of Copper, Brass and Steel are welded together to form a Y–shaped structure. Area of cross–section of each rod = 4 cm2. End of copper rod is maintained at 100°C where as ends of brass and steel are kept at 0°C. Lengths of the copper, brass and steel rods are 46, 13 and 12 cms respectively. The rods are thermally insulated from surroundings except at ends. Thermal conductivities of copper, brass and steel are 0.92, 0.26 and 0.12 CGS units respectively. Rate of heat flow through copper rod is
(a) 2.4 cal/s
(b) 4.8 cal/s
(c) 6.0 cal/s
(d) 12. cal/s
Ans-(b)
Question- A copper ball of mass 100 gm is at a temperature T. It is dropped in a copper calorimeter of mass 100 gm, filled with 170 gm of water at room temperature. Subsequently, the temperature of the system is found to be 75°C. T is given by : (Given : room temperature = 30°C, specific heat of copper = 0.1 cal/gm°C)
(a) 825°C
(b) 800°C
(c) 885°C
(d) 1250°C
Ans-(c)
Question- Water of volume 2 L in a closed container is heated with a coil of 1 kW. While water is heated, the container loses energy at a rate of 160 J/s. In how much time will the temperature of water rise from 27°C to 77°C? (Specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kg and that of the container is negligible.)
(a) 8 min 20 s
(b) 6 min 2 s
(c) 7 min
(d) 14 min
Ans-(a)
Question- Hot water cools from 600C to 500C in the first 10 minutes and to 420C in the next 10 minutes. The temperature of the surroundings is:
(a) 100C
(b) 150C
(c) 200C
(d) 250C
Ans-(a)
Question- At room temperature a diatomic gas is found to have an r.m.s. speed of 1930 ms–1. The gas is:
(a) F2
(b) O2
(c) Cl2
(d) H
Ans-(d)
Question- A hot body, obeying Newton’s law of cooling is cooling down from its peak value 800C to an ambient temperature of 300C. It takes 5 minutes in cooling down from 800C to 400C. How much time will it take to cool down from 620C to 320C? (Given ln 2 = 0.693, ln 5 = 1.609)
(a) 3.75 minutes
(b) 8.6 minutes
(c) 6.5 minutes
(d) 9.6 minutes
Ans-(b)
76. A mono atomic gas is compressed from a volume of 2 m3 to a volume of 1 m3 at a constant pressure of 100 N/m2, Then it is heated at constant volume by supplying 150 J of energy. As a result, the internal energy of the gas :
(a) Increases by 250 J
(b) Decreases by 250 J
(c) Decreases by 50 J
(d) remain same
Ans-(d)
78. An experiment take 10 minutes to raise the temperature of water in a container from 0°C to 100°C and another 55 minutes to convert it totally into steam by a heater supplying heat at a uniform rate. Neglecting the specific heat of the container and taking specific heat of water to be 1cal/ g° C, the heat of vapourization according to this experiment will come out to be :
(a) 560 cal/g
(b) 550 cal/g
(c) 540 cal/g
(d) 530 cal/g
Ans-(b)
Question- Heat required to raise the temperature of 54 grams steam (H2O) by 5°C in a rigid & closed vessel is:
(a) 373 Joules
(b) 413 Joules
(c) 512 Joules
(d) 347 Joules
Ans-(a)
Question- 200 g water is heated from 40°C to 60°C. Ignoring the slight expansion of water, the change in its internal energy is close to (Given specific heat of Water = 4184 J/kg/K) :
(a) 8.4 kJ
(b) 4.2 kJ
(c) 16.7 kJ
(d) 167.4 kJ
Ans-(c)
Question- A Carnot’s engine works as a refrigerator between 250 K and 300 K. It receives 500 cal heat from the reservoir at the lower temperature. The amount of work done in each cycle to operate the refrigerator is :
(a) 420 J
(b) 772 J
(c) 2100 J
(d) 2520 J
Ans-(a)
Question- One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is compressed isothermally in a rigid vessel to double its pressure at room temperature, 270C. The work done on the gas will be :
(a) 300 R
(b) 300 R ln 6
(c) 300 R ln 2
(d) 300 R ln 7
Ans-(c)
Question- A body takes 10 minutes to cool from 600 C to 500 C. The temperature of surroundings is constant at 250 C. Then,the temperature of the body after next 10 minutes will be approximately :
(a) 470 C
(b) 410 C
(c) 450 C
(d) 430 C
Ans-(d)
Question- Find the ratio of the lengths of an iron rod and an aluminium rod for which the difference in the lengths is independent of temperature. Coefficients of linear expansion of iron and aluminium are 12 × 10–6/°C and 23 × 10–6/°C respectively.
(a) 23 : 12
(b) 12 : 23
(c) data insufficient
(d) Not possible
Ans-(a)
Question- A solid ball of metal has a spherical cavity inside it. If the ball is heated the volume of cavity will :
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain unchanged
(d) data insufficient
Ans-(a)
Question- The coefficient of volume expansion of glycerin is 49 × 10–5 K–1. What is the fractional change in its density for a 30°C rise in temperature ?
(a) increases by 0.015
(b) increases by 0.005
(c) decreases by 0.015
(d) decreases by 0.005
Ans-(c)
Question- An iron ball of mass 0.2 kg is heated to 10°C and put into a block of ice at 0°C. 2.5 g of ice melts. If the latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g, then the specific heat of iron in cal/g°C is :
(a) 1
(b) 0.1
(c) 0.8
(d) 0.08
Ans-(b)
Question- Equal masses of three liquids A, B and C have temperatures 10°C, 25°C and 40°C respectively. If A and B are mixed, the mixture has a temperature of 15°C. If B and C are mixed, the mixture has a temperature of 30°C. If A and C are mixed, the mixture will have a temperature of:
(a) 16°C
(b) 20°C
(c) 25°C
(d) 29°C
Ans-(a)
Question- A mass of a material exists in its solid form at its melting temperature 10°C. The following processes then occur to the material.
Process I : An amount of thermal energy Q is added to the material and 3/4 of the material melts.
Process II : An identical additional amount of thermal energy Q is added to the material and the material is now a liquid at 50°C.
What is the ratio of the latent heat of fusion to the specific heat of the liquid for this material ?
(a) 80°C
(b) 60°C
(c) 40°C
(d) None of these
Ans-(a)
Question- 50 g of ice at 0°C is mixed with 50 g of water at 60°C, final temperature of mixture will be :
(a) 0°C
(b) 40°C
(c) 10°C
(d) 15°C
Ans-(a)
Question- A block of ice of mass M = 10 kg is moved back and forth over the flat horizontal surface of a large block of ice. Both blocks are at 0°C and the force that produces the back–and –forth motion acts only horizontally. The coefficient of friction between the two surfaces is 0.060. If m = 15.2 g of water is produced, the total distance travelled by the upper block relative to the lower is : (Lice = 3.34 × 105 J/kg)
(a) 432 m
(b) 863 m
(c) 368 m
(d) 216 m
Ans-(b)
Question- What will be the temperature when the rms velocity is double of that at 300 K :
(a) 300 K
(b) 600 K
(c) 900 K
(d) 1200 K
Ans-(d)
Question- During the melting of a slab of ice at 273 K at atmospheric pressure
(a) Positive work is done by ice-water system on the atmosphere
(b) Positive work is done on the ice-water system by the atmosphere
(c) The internal energy of the ice-water system increases
(d) The internal energy of the ice-water system decreases
Ans-(b, c)
Question- When an ideal gas (γ = 5/3) is heated under constant pressure, then what percentage of given heat energy will be utilised in doing external work
(a) 40 %
(b) 30 %
(c) 60 %
(d) 20 %
Ans-(a)
Question- Two samples A and B of a gas initially at the same pressure and temperature are compressed from volume V to V/2 (A isothermally and adiabatically). The final pressure of A is
(a) Greater than the final pressure of B
(b) Equal to the final pressure of B
(c) Less than the final pressure of B
(d) Twice the final pressure of B
Ans-(c)
Question- An ideal gas expands in such a manner that its pressure and volume can be related by equation PV2 = constant. During this process, the gas is
(a) Heated
(b) Cooled
(c) Neither heated nor cooled
(d) First heated and then cooled
Ans-(b)
Question- A wall has two layers A and B, each made of different material.Both the layers have the same thickness. The thermal conductivity for A is twice that of B and, under steady condition, the temperature difference across the wall is 36°C. The temperature difference across the layer A is:
(a) 6°C
(b) 12°C
(c) 24°C
(d) 18°C
Ans-(b)
Question- The length of the two rods made up of the same metal and having the same area of cross-section are 0.6 m 0.8 m and respectively. The temperature between the ends of first rod is 90°C and 60°C and that for the other rod is 150°C and 110°C. For which rod the rate of conduction will be greater
(a) first
(b) second
(c) same for both
(d) none of these
Ans-(c)
Question- The intensity of radiation emitted by the sun its maximum value at a wavelength of 510 nm and that emitted by the North Star has the maximum value at 350 nm. If these stars behave like black bodies, then the ratio of the surface temperature of the sun and North Star is :
(a) 1.46
(b) 0.69
(c) 1.21
(d) 0.83
Ans-(b)