NCERT Solutions Class 5 Environmental Studies Chapter 14 When the earth shook

1. Have you or anyone that you know ever faced such difficulty?

Ans. Yes, my Mamaja stays in Gujarat and he had faced such an earthquake few years back.

2. Who all helped at such a time? Make a list.

Ans. The list of the people who had provided help at that time is as follows:

(i) The neighbours helped each other.

(ii) People from the cities.

(iii) The local leaders.

(iv) The political leaders.

(v) Various non-government organizations of that area.

(vi) Doctors and nurses of the hospitals of that place.

(vii) Few shopkeepers

3. A lot of people from other places to Jasma’s village. Who were these people? In what ways would they have helped the villagers?

Ans. The people who came to Jasma’s village for help were:

(i) People from the cities.

(ii) Scientists, architect and engineers.

(iii) Non-government and Voluntary organizations

(iv) Some doctors

(v) State Minister and other political leaders

These people helped the villagers in a number of ways, such as:

(i) People from the cities with food, medicines and clothes. They also helped to put up the tents.

(ii) The scientists tried to find out which areas have more chances of having earthquake and they gave an alarming signal to the villagers to keep them away from these places.

(iii) The engineers and architects showed them some special designs for houses that would not get much damaged in an earthquake.

(iv) The non-government voluntary organizations helped the people by providing them foods, clothes, tents to make huts etc.

(v) Doctors and nurses provided them free first aid and treatment.

(vi) The state minister and other political leaders provided the people various basic things like food grains, vegetables, compensatory money etc.

4. People in Jasma’s village rebuilt their houses with suggestions from the engineers. Will these houses be safer then before in case there in an earthquake again? Why?

Ans. Yes, these houses would be comparatively safer than before in case there is an earthquake. This is because these were now prepared according to the suggestions and designs explained by the engineers.

5. Think, if there were is an earthquake where you live, would your house be a danger? What kind of damage could take place?

Ans. Yes, if there is an earthquake, where I live, my house would be in danger. The following damage could happen:

(i) The various household equipment such as TV, radio, utensils, eatables etc. Could get destroyed.

(ii) If there would be a very severe earthquake, even the people would get crushed under the fallen houses and die.

6. Compare your houses with that of Jasma. List in your notebook what materials were used in making both the houses.

Ans.

Jasma’s house	My houses
(i) It was made up of clay, cow, dung, mirror etc.	(i) It is made up of cement, bricks, glass, steel etc.
(ii) This is not very strong and can break due to heavy rain, storm.	(ii) It is very strong and can withstand all adverse climatic conditions.

7. Have you been told in your school or anywhere else about what to do in case of an earthquake?

Ans. Yes, we were told in our school about what should be done in case of an earthquake. We were told to go out in an open place if possible or sit under a strong object like a table and hold it firmly.

8. Why do you think one should go under a table during an earthquake?

Ans. During an earthquake, the house or the building can collapse and the bricks etc. can fall on the people and injure them, even causing their death. Therefore, if we would sit under a strong object like a table and hold it firmly.

9. According to the TV reports, thousands of people were injured and some died in Gujarat. If the buildings had been made in a way that they would not fall in the earthquake, would the damage have been different? How?

Ans. Yes, if the buildings there had been made earthquake-proof, the damage would have been lesser. The people would not have died under the buildings and the number of injured people would have also been lesser. The loss of the various belongings of the people would also have been lesser.

10. At times like this, when people have lost their homes and all their belongings, what kind of people would they need?

Ans. At times when people have lost their homes and their belongings, they would need the following help:

(i) Tent/canvas to prepare their huts

(ii) Clothes

(iii) Food, water, milk

(iv) Medicines and first aid treatment

11. In such situations whose help would be needed and for what? Write in your notebook as shown on the next page?

Ans.

Whose help will be needed	How will they help
(i) Dog	To smell out where people are trapped.
(ii) Doctor	To provide first aid treatment to the injured people.
(iii) Non – Government Organizations	To provide clothes, utensils, eatables etc.
(iv) Labourers	To help the people to prepare their homes.
(v) Scientists	To find out which areas have more chances of having earthquake and to warm the people to keep away from these planes.
(vi) Engineers and architects	To prepare special designs for the houses so that they would not get damaged.
(vii) Minister and Political Parites	To provide the compensatory money to the affected parties.

12. Have you ever seen people in your area helping each other? When?

Ans. Yes, few years back, few houses in our area got burnt. At that time all the neighbours helped them and provided them all possible support.

13. Why do people live together in a neighbourhood?

Ans. People live together in a neighbourhood because at the time of any big problem, danger or calamities like earthquake, flood, theft or major health problems etc. they can take help from each other.

14. Imagine, living in a place where there were no other houses or people around. How would it be? For example, whom would you play with? With whom would you celebrate festivals and special days? Would you be scared?

Ans. If my house would have been all alone at a place, then

(i) There would have been no one to help us during any problem, calamities, or disasters like earthquake, flood, fire, theft, major illness etc.

(ii) There would be no one with whom I could play.

(iii) There would be no one with whom we could celebrate various festivals and special occasions.

(iv) I would have felt scared also.

15. Make your own report which mention the following:

· Cause of the disaster, date and time.

· What kind of damage did it cause – to lives, belonging, livelihoods?

· Which people came forward to help? Which government offices or other groups?

Ans. New Delhi, Friday 28 Jan, 2010

A major fire broke out on Thursday early morning in the slum area of Bawana. The incident occurred at around 4.30 am. The blaze was spotted in one of the Jhuggi’s due to a gas cylinder blast. The fire had spread to about 200 more Jhuggis.

Fire service officials said four fire-fighting tenders were pressed into action and the flames could doused only after two hours. About 10 people died on and the spot and more than 100 got sever injuries. The housed and the belongings of the people were completely burnt and destroyed. The area supervisor and district leaders came for help and support to the victim. Many non-government organizations also rendered support by providing the victims clothes, utensils, food, drinking water, milk et. The government has declared to provide Rs. 2 lakhs to the family members of the deceased and Rs.50,000 to each family who have lost their houses, as compensation.

16. Have people in your area got affected by famine or drought? Find such reports of different countries from newspaper. Make your own report.

Ans. Odisha hit by drought

Thursday 2 nd July, 2010

After a year Odisha has been hit by a severe drought again. More than 5,000 families living in the coastal area have been affected. Officials say the state has incurred a huge loss in its paddy crops worth more than 500 crores. There is scarcity of food and drinking water in the affected area. The people are dying due to starvation.

The State Minister said that the government had taken all the measures it could to ensure that the food and drinking water is available to those affected. Various NGO’s have also come to provide help and support to the people by providing food, water, milk, clothes etc. to the affected people. A leading state environmentalist said, the destruction of forest land and the lack of water conservation policy were two key factors responsible for the drought. Government has announced to pay Rs. 25,000 to the affected family, as compensation.

17. Write a report with the help of the following words:

Floods, river water, injured people, food packets, rescue work, camps, dead bodies, dead animals floating in water, houses under water, aerial survey ( to see the scene of disaster from a plane), sad people, diseases spread by dirty water, homeless people, trapped people.

Ans. Guwahati, Aug1, 2005

The flood situation in Assam has worsened with death of about 500 people in the last three days. Due to the heavy monsoons, the river water level of the adjoining Brahmaputra river has further risen above the danger mark. The Regional Meteorological Centre here warned of more rain and thundershowers.

Aerial survey of the place was conducted to estimate the loss. The area has about 8000 houses under water, two hundreds of dead bodies of man and animals floating in the water. The state government has opened 2500 temporary camps besides lodging the flood hit, sad and homeless people in trying their best to provide help and support to the trapped people. They have been provided with food packets, drinking water, milk etc. Doctors are working voluntarily to provide free treatment to the injured and ill people and also providing measures to prevent water borne diseases.

Government has announced to pay Rs. 2 lakh to the family members of the deceased and Rs. One lakh to all the flood hit families, as compensation.

18. What type of difficulties are faced by people during floods? Look at the picture, what kind of a school have the children come to after the flood? Write down what people has to make their life normal again after the flood.

Ans. The following difficulties are faced by people during floods:

(i) Many people die.

(ii) Many people get injured.

(iii) Their houses and other valuable get destroyed.

(iv) Their farms are destroyed.

(v) A lot of food items are destroyed.

(vi) There is scarcity of drinking water.

(vii) Water borne diseases are spread.

(viii) The roadways and railways get, affected badly.

(ix) Schools, hospitals and other important public places get destructed.

It has been shown in the picture that after the floods, since the schools of the children have been destroyed, as a result the they have to study in a park or under a tree.

(i) Treatment of the injured and diseased people.

(ii) Helping and supporting those people who have lost their family members/earning hands. This can be done by providing them some compusatory money, loans or job etc.

(iii) The arrangement of safe drinking water and food to the people and taking appropriate measures that diseases could be prevented to be spread.

(iv) The roadways and railways should be brought back to normal.

(v) The schools of the children should be made functional again.

 

Question. This picture shows you the different layers on the earth's crust. On which of these layers do we live? 

(a) Inner core
(b) Inner mantle
(c) Outer mantle
(d) Crust

Answer : D