Read and download NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom in NCERT book for Class 11 Biology. You can download latest NCERT eBooks chapter wise in PDF format free from Studiestoday.com. This Biology textbook for Class 11 is designed by NCERT and is very useful for students. Please also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 11 Biology to understand the answers of the exercise questions given at the end of this chapter
NCERT Book for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom
Class 11 Biology students should refer to the following NCERT Book Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom in Class 11. This NCERT Book for Class 11 Biology will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom NCERT Book Class 11
PLANT KINGDOM
3.1 ALGAE
Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, simple, thalloid, autotrophic and largely aquatic (both fresh water and marine) organisms. They occur in a variety of other habitats: moist stones, soils and wood. Some of them also occur in association with fungi (lichen) and animals (e.g., on sloth bear). The form and size of algae is highly variable (Figure 3.1). The size ranges from the microscopic unicellular forms like Chlamydomonas, to colonial forms like Volvox and to the filamentous forms like Ulothrix and Spirogyra. A few of the marine forms such as kelps, form massive plant bodies.
The algae reproduce by vegetative, asexual and sexual methods. Vegetative reproduction is by fragmentation. Each fragment develops into a thallus. Asexual reproduction is by the production of different types of spores, the most common being the zoospores. They are flagellated (motile) and on germination gives rise to new plants. Sexual reproduction takes place through fusion of two gametes. These gametes can be flagellated and similar in size (as in Chlamydomonas) or non-flagellated (non-motile) but similar in size (as in Spirogyra). Such reproduction is called isogamous. Fusion of two gametes dissimilar in size, as in some species of Chlamydomonas is termed as anisogamous. Fusion between one large, non-motile (static) female gamete and a smaller, motile male gamete is termed oogamous, e.g., Volvox, Fucus. Algae are useful to man in a variety of ways. At least a half of the total carbon dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by algae through photosynthesis. Being photosynthetic they increase the level of dissolved oxygen in their immediate environment. They are of paramount importance as primary producers of energy-rich compounds which form the basis of the food cycles of all aquatic animals. Many species of Porphyra, Laminaria and Sargassum are among the 70 species of marine algae used as food. Certain marine brown and red algae produce large amounts of hydrocolloids (water holding substances), e.g., algin (brown algae) and carrageen (red algae) are used commercially. Agar, one of the commercial products obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria are used to grow microbes and in preparations of ice-creams and jellies. Chlorella and Spirullina are unicellular algae, rich in proteins and are used as food supplements even by space travellers. The algae are divided into three main classes: Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae.
3.1.1 Chlorophyceae
The members of chlorophyceae are commonly called green algae. The plant body may be unicellular, colonial or filamentous. They are usually grass green due to the dominance of pigments chlorophyll a and b. The pigments are localised in definite chloroplasts. The chloroplasts may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral or ribbon-shaped in different species. Most of the members have one or more storage bodies called pyrenoids located in the chloroplasts. Pyrenoids contain protein besides starch. Some algae may store food in the form of oil droplets. Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of cellulose and an outer layer of pectose.
Vegetative reproduction usually takes place by fragmentation or by formation of different types of spores. Asexual reproduction is by flagellated zoospores produced in zoosporangia. The sexual reproduction shows considerable variation in the type and formation of sex cells and it may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous. Some commonly found green algae are: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra and Chara (Figure 3.1a).
EXERCISES
1. What is the basis of classification of algae?
2. When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?
3. Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.
4. Mention the ploidy of the following: protonemal cell of a moss; primary endosperm nucleus in dicot, leaf cell of a moss; prothallus cell of a ferm; gemma cell in Marchantia; meristem cell of monocot, ovum of a liverwort, and zygote of a fern.
5. Write a note on economic importance of algae and gymnosperms.
6. Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately?
7. What is heterospory? Briefly comment on its significance. Give two examples.
8. Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:-
(i) protonema
(ii) antheridium
(iii) archegonium
(iv) diplontic
(v) sporophyll
(vi) isogamy
9. Differentiate between the following:-
(i) red algae and brown algae
(ii) liverworts and moss
(iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
(iv) syngamy and triple fusion
10. How would you distinguish monocots from dicots?
11. Match the followings (column I with column II) Column I Column II
(a) Chlamydomonas (i) Moss
(b) Cycas (ii) Pteridophyte
(c) Selaginella (iii) Algae
(d) Sphagnum (iv) Gymnosperm
12. Describe the important characteristics of gymnosperms.
Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 11 Biology - Plant Kingdom
NCERT Class 11 Biology Answer of Multiple Choice Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology The Living world |
NCERT Class 11 Biology The Living World Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Biological Classification |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Biological Classification Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Kingdom Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Animal Kingdom |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Animal Kingdom Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Anatomy of Flowering Plants |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Anatomy of Flowering Plants Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Structural Organisation in Animals |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Structural Organisation In Animals Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Cell The Unit of Life |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Cell The Unit of Life Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology BioMolecules |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Biomolecules Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Cell Cycle and Cell Division |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Cell Cycle and Cell Division Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Transport in Plants |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Transport in Plants Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Mineral Nutrition |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Mineral Nutrition Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Respiration In Plants |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Respiration In Plants Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Growth and Development |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Plant Growth and Development Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Digestion and Absorption |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Digestion and Absorption Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Breathing and Exchange of Gases |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Body Fluids and Circulation |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Body Fluids and Circulation Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Their Elimination |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Their Elimination Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Locomotion and Movement |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Locomotion and Movements |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Neural Control and Coordination |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Neural Control and Coordination Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Chemical Coordination and integration |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Model Answers To Descriptive Questions |
NCERT Class 11 Biology Model Question Paper |
Biology NCERT Book Class 11 Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom
The above NCERT Books for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom Biology Class 11 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 11 Biology are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 11 Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom book for Biology also includes collection of question. We have also provided NCERT solutions for Class 11 Biology which have been developed by teachers of StudiesToday.com after thorough review of the latest book and based on pattern of questions in upcoming exams for Class 11 students.
NCERT Book Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom
The latest NCERT book for Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom pdf have been published by NCERT based on the latest research done for each topic which has to be taught to students in all classes. The books for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom are designed to enhance the overall understanding of students. All Class 11 NCERT textbooks have been written in an easy to understand language which will help to enhance the overall level of Class 11 students.
Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom NCERT Book Class 11 Biology
As the students of Class 11 need the books for their regular studies, we have provided all NCERT book for Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom in pdf here for free download. All pdf NCERT books available here for Class 11 will help them to read on their mobile or computers. They can take a print of the Class 11 Biology NCERT Book Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom pdf easily and use them for studies. The NCERT textbooks for Class 11 Biology have been provided chapter-wise and can be downloaded for free of cost.
Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom NCERT Book
Along with Biology Class 11 NCERT Book in Pdf for Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom we have provided all NCERT Books in English Medium for Class 11 which will be really helpful for students who have opted for english language as a medium. Class 11 students will need their books in English so we have provided them here for all subjects in Class 11.
Class 11 Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom NCERT Book Biology
For Class 11 Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom we have provided books for students who have opted for Hindi and Urdu medium too. You can click on the links provided above to download all Hindi medium Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom book in easy to read pdf format. These books will help Class 11 Biology students to understand all topics and also strictly follow latest syllabus for their studies. If you are looking to download the pdf version of Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom textbook issued by NCERT then you have come to the correct website
You can download the NCERT Book for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom for latest session from StudiesToday.com
Yes, you can click on the link above and download chapter wise NCERT Books in PDFs for Class 11 for Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom
Yes, the NCERT Book issued for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom have been made available here for latest academic session
You can easily access the link above and download the Class 11 NCERT Books Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom for each chapter
There is no charge for the NCERT Book for Class 11 Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom you can download everything free
Regular revision of NCERT Books given on studiestoday for Class 11 subject Biology Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom can help you to score better marks in exams