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Worksheet for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
Class 10 Science students should refer to the following printable worksheet in Pdf for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction in Class 10. This test paper with questions and answers for Class 10 will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
Class 10 Science Worksheet for Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Question : Rays from sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an object be placed so that size of its image is equal to the size of the object?
(a) 15 cm in front of the mirror
(b) 30 cm in front of the mirror
(c) between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of the mirror
(d) more than 30 cm in front of the mirror
Answer : B
Question : To determine the focal length of a concave mirror by forming image of a distant object, the screen should be placed
(a) in any direction
(b) inclined at angle of 45°
(c) at right angle to the plane of mirror
(d) parallel to the plane of mirror
Answer : D
Question : You are given water, mustard oil, glycerine and kerosene. In which of these media, a ray of light incident obliquely at same angle would bend the most?
(a) Kerosene
(b) Water
(c) Mustard oil
(d) Glycerine
Answer : D
Question : How will the image formed by a convex lens be affected if the upper half of the lens is wrapped with a black paper?
(a) The size of the image is reduced to one-half.
(b) The upper half of the image will be absent.
(c) The brightness of the image is reduced.
(d) There will be no effect
Answer : C
Question : Beams of light are incident through the holes A and B and emerge out of box through the holes C and D respectively, as shown in the figure. Which of the following could be inside the box?
(a) A rectangular glass slab
(b) A convex lens
(c) A concave less
(d) A prism
Answer : A
Question : When an object is kept within the focus of a concave mirror, an enlarged image is formed behind the mirror. This image is:
(a) real
(b) inverted
(c) virtual and inverted
(d) virtual and erect
Answer : D
Question : A full length image of a distant tall building can definitely be seen by using:
(a) a concave mirror
(b) a convex mirror
(c) a plane mirror
(d) both concave as well as plane mirror
Answer : B
Question : Magnification produced by a rear view mirror fitted in vehicles:
(a) is less than one
(b) is more than one
(c) is equal to one
(d) can be more than or less than one depending upon the position of the object in front of it.
Answer : A
Question : A student determines the focal length of a device 'X' by focusing the image of a distant object on a screen placed 20 cm from the device on the same side as the object. The device 'X' is
(a) Concave lens of focal length 10 cm
(b) Convex lens of focal length 20 cm
(c) Concave mirror of focal length 10 cm
(d) Concave mirror of focal length 20 cm
Answer : D
Question : A small bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens. When the bulb is switched on, the lens produces:
(a) a convergent beam of light
(b) a divergent beam of light
(c) a parallel beam of light
(d) a patch of coloured light
Answer : B
ASSERTION AND REASON
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
Question : Assertion: A ray incident along normal to the mirror retraces its path.
Reason: In reflection, angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.
Answer : A
Question : Assertion: Higher is the refractive index of the medium, lesser is the velocity of light in that medium.
Reason: Refractive index of a medium is inversely proportional to the velocity of light.
Answer : A
Question : Assertion: When a concave mirror is held in water, its focal length will decrease.
Reason: The focal length of a concave mirror depends on the density the medium in which it is placed.
Answer : D
Question : Assertion: A convex lens is made of two different materials. A point object is placed on the principal axis. The number of images formed by the lens will be two.
Reason : The image formed by convex lens is always virtual.
Answer : C
Question : Assertion: Full length image of a distant object, such as a tall building, can be seen in a convex mirror.
Reason: A convex mirror has a greater focal length than a concave mirror of the same aperture.
Answer : C
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
Light is a form of energy which induces sensation of vision to our eyes. It becomes visible when it bounces off on surfaces and hits our eyes. The phenomenon of bouncing back of light rays in the same medium on striking a smooth surface is called reflection of light.
If parallel beam of incident rays remains parallel even after reflection and goes only in one direction is known as regular reflection. It takes place mostly in plane mirrors
or highly polished metal surfaces. The mirror outside the driver side of a vehicle is usually a spherical mirror and printed on such a mirror is usually the warning "vehicles in this mirror are closer than they appear."
Question : Which type of mirror is used outside the driver's side of a vehicle?
(a) Plane mirror
(b) Concave mirror
(c) Convex mirror
(d) Magic mirror
Answer. C
Question : No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror can be
(a) Plane
(b) Concave
(c) convex
(d) Either plane or convex
Answer. D
Question : Which of the following diagrams represents the image formation in above case?
(a) (i)
(b) (ii)
(c ) (iii)
(d) (iv)
Answer. D
Question : If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm,then find the position of image.
(a) 4 cm
(b) 7.5 cm
(c) 10 cm
(d) 12.5 cm
Answer. B
Question : The focal length of mirror is 12 cm. The radius of curvature is
(a) 12 cm
(b) 24 cm
(c) 20 cm
(d) 36 cm
Answer. B
2. The refractive index of a medium with respect to vacuum is called absolute refractive index of the medium. It is given by, μ = sin i/sinr
Absolute refractive indices of some of the materials A, B, C and D are given in the following table :
Medium Refractive Index
A 1.54
B 1.33
C 2.42
D 1.65
Question : In which of the materials given in the above table, light travels fastest?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Answer. B
Question : The speed of light in air is 3x108 ms-1 and that in medium A is 2.5 x 10 ms-1. The refractive index of A will be
(a) 1.2
(b) 0.5
(c) 4.5
(d) 1.5
Answer. A
Question : When light travels from air to glass,
(a) angle of incidence > angle of refraction
(b) angle of incidence < angle of refraction
(c) angle of incidence = angle of refraction
(d) Can't say
Answer. A
Question : The refractive index of P with respect to Qis 2. Find the refractive index of Q with respect to P.
(a) 0.5
(b) 0.2
(c) 2
(d) 2.5
Answer. A
Light Reflection And Refraction Assertion Reason Class 10 Science
A. Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. Assertion is true but reason is false.
D. Assertion is false and reason is true.
Question. Assertion (A): A Concave mirror of radius R is placed in water .Its focal length differs in Air and Water.
Reason (R): Focal length of concave mirror is equal to R/2.
Answer: D
Question. Assertion (A): The emergent ray is parallel to the direction of incident ray.
Reason (R): The extent of bending of the ray of light at the opposite parallel faces (air- glass interface and glass- air interface) of the rectangular glass slab is equal and opposite.
Answer: A
Question. Assertion(A) : For observing traffic at back, the driver mirror is convex mirror.
Reason (R) : A convex mirror has much larger field of view than a plane mirror.
Answer: A
Question. Assertion(A) : When the object moves with a velocity 2 m/s, its image in the plane mirror moves with a velocity of 4 m/s.
Reason (R) : The image formed by a plane mirror is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
Answer: A
Question. Assertion (A): Refractive index of glass with respect to air is different for red light and violet light.
Reason (R): Refractive Index of a pair of medium does not depend on the wavelength of the light used.
Answer: C
Question. Assertion (A): Higher the Refractive index of the medium lesser will be the speed of light in that Medium.
Reason (R): Refractive index is inversely proportional to the speed of light.
Answer: C
Question. Assertion(A) : The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical mirror is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of the object.
Reason (R) : Laws of reflection are strictly valid for plane surfaces.
Answer: C
Question. Assertion(A): The mirrors used in search lights are concave spherical.
Reason (R) : In concave spherical mirror the image formed is always virtual.
Answer: C
Very Short Answers
Question. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium’ and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.
Answer: (a) Laws of refraction of light:
(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.
(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.
sini/sinr = constant,
where i is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction.
This constant value is called refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first when the light travels from first medium to second medium.
⇒ constant = n21 = v1/v2 ∴ sini/sinr = v1/v2
If n is the absolute refractive index of the medium, c is the velocity of light in vacuum and v is the speed of light in a given medium, then n = c/v.
Question. Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of three times magnified (a) real, and (b) virtual image of an object by a converging lens. Mark the positions of O, F and 2F in each diagram.
Answer: (b) Ray diagrams of an object placed between F1 and optical centre O of lens can be drawn as follows:
(i) The image formed is virtual and erect.
(ii) Image is formed in front of the lens.
(iii) Image formed is enlarged.
Question. If the image formed by a spherical mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it? Draw a labelled ray diagram to support your answer.
Answer: If the image formed by a spherical mirror is always erect and diminished then it is convex mirror.
Question. The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is -1. Analysing this value state the (i) type of mirror and (ii) position of the object with respect to the pole of the mirror. Draw any diagram to justify your answer.
Answer: (i) Concave mirror because the image is real, inverted.
(ii) Object is placed at C.
Question. State the two laws of reflection of light.
Answer: Laws of reflection of light states that
(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
(ii) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
Short Answers type Questions:
Question : State the laws of reflection of light.
Answer : Laws of reflection of light are:
(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection and
(ii) The incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane.
Question : Which is optically denser out of the two medium M1 = 1.71 (refractive index) and M2 = 1.36 (refractive index). How does speed of light change when it travels from optically rarer to denser medium.
Answer : Medium M1 with refractive index 1.71 is optically denser than the other medium M2.
Speed of light decreases when it travels from rarer to denser medium.
Question : What are the properties of the image formed by plane mirror?
Answer : Image formed by plane mirror is always virtual and erect. The size of the image is equal to that of the object. The image formed is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it and the image is laterally inverted.
Question : What is refractive index?
Answer : If ‘i’ is the angle of incidence and ‘r’ is the angle of refraction then
sin i / sin r = Constant
This constant value is called the refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first.
Question : Give the uses of concave mirrors.
Answer : (i) Concave mirror are used in torches, search-lights and vehicle headlights to get powerful parallel beams of light.
(ii) They are also used as shaving mirrors to see a large image of the face.
(iii) Dentists use concave mirrors to see large images of the teeth of patients.
(iv) Large concave mirrors are used in making solar furnaces, solar cookers etc.
Question : What is absolute refractive index of the medium?
Answer : When the refractive index of medium 2 is considered with respect to vacuum. This is called the absolute refractive index of the medium.
2/n = Speed of light in 2 / Speed of light in 1
Question : Define power of lens. What is the S. I. unit of power of a lens? If power of lens is +2D what is the nature and focal length of the lens?
Answer : Power of lens: The degree of convergence or divergence of light rays obtained by a lens is expressed in terms of its power. Power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.
P = 1/f
S.I. unit of power of a lens is ‘diopter’
P = +2 D.
Lens is convex and the focal length of the lens is +0.50 m.
(P = 1/f, 2 D = 1/f, ∴ f = 1/2 = 0.05)
Question : When a ray of light entering from air is incident on the surface of a glass slab at an angle of 90°, what will be the measure of angle of refraction. Why does a ray change its path when it passes from one medium to another medium?
Answer : The angle of refraction will be zero. A light ray changes its path when it passes from one medium to another medium.
Question : Give the uses of convex mirrors.
Answer : Convex mirrors are commonly used as rear-view mirrors in vehicles. As these mirrors can give an erect image, wider field of view, these mirrors are used in vehicles to see the traffic behind.
Question : Refractive index of kerosene oil is 1.44 and that of water is 1.33. A ray of light enters from kerosene oil to water. Where would light ray bend and why?
Answer : A ray of light enters from kerosene oil to water i.e., refractive index 1.44 to 1.33 i.e., from denser to rarer medium. Hence the ray of light bends away from the normal.
Question : Define pole and centre of curvature of spherical mirrors.
Answer : Pole: The centre of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is a point called the pole. It lies on the surface of the mirror. It is represented by “P”. Centre of Curvature: The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror forms a part of a sphere this sphere has a centre and this point is called the centre of curvature of the spherical mirror.
Question : Comment on the size, position of the image formed by a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm when an object is placed:
(i) at 22 cm (ii) 14 cm (ii) 40 cm.
in front of mirror without calculations.
Answer : (i) When the object is placed at 22 cm, the image is formed beyond 36 cm, real, inverted image is magnified.
(ii) When the object is at 14 cm then the image formed is virtual, behind the mirror and magnified.
(iii) When the object is placed beyond 40 cm, then the image is formed between 18 cm and 36 cm, it is real inverted and diminished image.
Question : Give the laws of refraction of light.
Answer : The laws of refraction of light are
(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media. This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.
Question. (a) Water has refractive index 1.33 and alcohol has refractive index 1.36. Which of the two medium is optically denser? Give reason for your answer.
(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.
(c) State the relationship between angle of incidence and angle of refraction in the above case.
Answer: (a) Here, alcohol is optically denser medium as its refractive index is higher than that of water. When we compare the two media, the one with larger refractive index is
called the optically denser medium than the other as the speed of light is lower in this medium.
(b) Since light is travelling from water (rarer medium) to alcohol (denser medium), it slows down and bends towards the normal.
where i = angle of incidence and r = angle of refraction.
(c) According to Snell’s law,
sini/sinr=μalcohol /μwater =1.36/1.33 = 1.0225
∴ sin i = 1.0225 × sin r
Question. What is meant by power of a lens? Write its SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of -20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.
Answer: Power is the degree of convergence or divergence of light rays achieved by a lens.
It is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.
i.e., P = 1/f
Given that: Focal length of lens A, fA = +40 cm
Focal length of lens B, fB = -20 cm
Lens A is converging. Lens B is diverging.
Question. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a 4 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror? Also calculate the size of the image formed.
Answer: Given f = -20 cm v = -30 cm, u = ?
Using 1/v + 1/u = 1/f
1/u = 1/f – 1/v = 1/(−20) – /(−30) = (−3+2)/60
⇒ u = -60 cm
∴ Object placed at 60 cm from the mirror.
Also magnification, m = h′/h = −v/u
⇒ h’ = −(−30)/−60 × 4 = -2 cm
∴ The size of the image is 2 cm.
Question. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -1.
If the image is at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed?
Where would the image be if the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the new position of the object to justify your answer.
Answer: Since the image formed by the mirror is real and inverted, therefore the mirror is concave and magnification of the mirror will be
m = –v/u ⇒ -1 = –v/u ⇒ v = u
i.e., object and image both are formed at the centre of curvature, i.e., 40 cm from the mirror.
Now, if the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror, the object will be at the focus of the mirror and therefore the image will be formed at infinity.
Long Answers
Question : It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm.
Question. (i) A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?
(ii) A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.
Answer: (i) Power of lens (P) = 1/f
P = 1.5D
f = 1/1.5 = 10/15 = 0.66 m
A convex lens has a positive focal length. Therefore, it is a convex lens or a converging lens.
(ii) Focal length of concave lens (OF1), f = – 15 cm
Image distance, v= – 10 cm
According to the lens formula,
The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in front of the lens.
This is shown in the following ray diagram.
Question. Rishi went to a palmist to show his palm. The palmist used a special lens for this purpose.
(i) State the nature of the lens and reason for its use. (ii) Where should the palmist place/hold the lens so as to have a real and magnified image of an object?
(iii) If the focal length of this lens is 10 cm, the lens is held at a distance of 5 cm from the palm, use lens formula to find the position and size of the image.
Answer: (i) The lens used here is a convex lens and it is used as a magnifying glass because at close range, i.e., when the object is placed between optic centre and principal focus it forms an enlarged, virtual and erect image of the object.
(ii) When this lens is placed such that the object is between the centre of curvature and the principal focus, the palmist obtain a real and magnified image.
(iii) Given focal length, f = 10 cm and u = -5 cm According to lens formula, Thus, the image will be formed at 10 cm on the same side of the palm and the size of the image will be enlarged.
Question. (a) A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 30 cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed.
(b) Draw a labelled ray diagram showing object distance, image distance and focal length in the above case.
Answer: (a) Given, h = 5 cm, f = 20 cm, u = -30 cm
Using lens formula, 1/v – 1/u = 1/f
1/v=1/u+1/f=1/(−30)+1/20=(−2+3)/60=1/60
⇒ v = 60 cm
Now, magnification, m = h′/h = v/u
⇒ h’ = v/u × h = 60/(−30) × 5 = -10 cm
Hence, the image formed at 60 cm, which is real and magnified.
1. The refractive index of carbon disulphide is 1.63. What is the meaning of this statement?
2. A person wants to see the full length image of tall building in a small mirror. Which type of mirror should be used by him?
3. Distinguish between real and virtual images.
4. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards or away from the normal? Why?
5. What is lateral displacement of light? State the factors affecting it
6. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations:
(i) Head light of a car
(ii) Rear-view mirror of vehicles
(iii) Solar furnace
7. Under what condition will a glass lens placed in a transparent liquid becomes invisible?
8. Draw a ray diagram and also state the nature of the image formed by concave mirror when the object is placed at the centre of curvature.
9. Draw a diagram to show dispersion of white light by a glass prism. Label the coloures that appear at the two ends of the colour band. State the reason why different coloured rays deviate differentially in the prism.
10. With a help of a ray diagram, state the meaning of refraction of light. State Snell’s law of refraction of light and also express it mathematically.
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Worksheet for CBSE Science Class 10 Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
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