CBSE Class 10 Biology Life Processes Respiration Worksheet Set D

 

 

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. (a) What is the function of the respiratory system ?
(b) What are the major organs of respiratory system in man (or humans) ?
(c) Draw a labelled diagram of the human respiratory system.
Answer : (a) The main function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases from the body. The respiratory system removes the carbon dioxide from the body during exhalation and absorbing oxygen by inhalation. 
(b) The major organs of the respiratory system in a human being are:
Nose
Nasal passage
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Alveoli
Diaphragm

Question. (a) Explain how, the air we breathe in gets cleaned while passing through the nasal passage.
(b) Why do the walls of trachea not collapse when there is less air in it ?
(c) How are oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in our body during respiration ?
(d) How are lungs designed in human beings to maximise the exchange of gases ?
Answer : A) there are hairs which clean the air entering the nasal passage...
B) rings of cartilage are present which prevent the wall of the trachea to collapse when there is no or less air present in trachea.
C) gaseous exchange takes place through diffusion in our body. O2 from alveoli (lungs) is passed into blood vessels surrounding it a CO2 from blood is passed to alveoli.
D) lungs have sac-like structures called alveoli which are present to provide a larger surface area for gaseous exchange between lungs an blood...

Question. (a) “Respiration is a vital function of the body”. Justify this statement.
(b) What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration ? Give one example of each.
(c) What type of repiration takes place (i) in yeast, and (ii) in humans ?
Answer : (a) We all need energy to perform our work. This energy comes from the food we eat. When this food is broken down in our cells then energy is released in the form of adenosine triphosphate or ATP. This breaking down of food to release energy is called respiration and with the help of this process only we can obtain energy to perform any work.
(b) Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration takes place in absence of oxygen. Energy released is more in aerobic respiration ( 38 ATP). Energy released is less in anaerobic respiration ( 2 ATP). There is partial breakdown of glucose in anaerobic respiration. There is complete breakdown of glucose in aerobic respiration.
(c)In yeast there is anaerobic respiration. And in humans there is aerobic respiration.

Question. (a) Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of large multicellular organisms like humans ?
(b) What type of arrangement exists in the bodies of large animals to meet their oxygen requirements adequately ?
(c) What advantage a terrestrial animal has over an aquatic animal with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration ?
Answer : (a) Diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of large multicellular organisms like humans because the volume of human body is so big that the oxygen cannot diffuse into all the cells of the human body quickly and oxygen will have to travel large distances to reach each and every cell of the body.
(b) Large organisms contain a respiratory pigment called haemoglobin which carries the oxygen from the lungs to all the body cells very efficiently.
(c) A terrestrial animal has an advantage over an aquatic animal in regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration that it is surrounded by an oxygen rich atmosphere from where it can take any amount of oxygen.

Question. Consider the following chemical reactions which take place in different organisms/tissues under various conditions :
(i) Glucose Respiration→ Ethanol + Carbon dioxide + Energy
(ii) Glucose Respiration→ Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
(iii) Glucose Respiration→ Lactic acid + Energy

(a) Name one organism which respires according to equation (i) above.
Answer : Yeast 

(b) Name one organism which respires according to equation (ii) above.
Answer : Man 

(c) When and where does respiration represented by equation (iii) above take place ?
Answer : In animal’s muscles ; When the animal needs extra energy for doing heavy physical activity

(d) Which equation/equations represent aerobic respiration ?
Answer : (ii)

(e) Which equation/equations represent anaerobic respiration ?
Answer : (i) and (iii)

(f) Which of the above reactions produces the maximum amount of energy ?
Answer : (ii)

Question. When a person breathes in air, the air enters into his body through an organ A having two holes B in it. Theai r then passes through pharynx and larynx and enters into a tube C. The tube C divides into two smaller tubes D at its lower end. The two smaller tubes are attached to two respiratory organs E. Each smaller tube divides inside the organs E to form a large number of still smaller tubes called F. The smallest tubes F have air-sacs G at their ends in which gaseous exchange takes place in the body of the person. What are A, B, C, D, E, F and G ?
Answer : A = Nose; B = Nostrils ; C = Trachea (or Windpipe) ; D = Bronchi ; E = Lungs ; F = Bronchioles ; G = Alveoli

Question. An organism X having breathing organs A lives on land. When organism X goes under water, it cannotsur vive for a long time unless carrying an oxygen cylinder. On the other hand, the organism Y having breathing organs B always lives in water and if taken out of water, it dies after a short while. A third organism Z having breathing organs C and D which lives on the banks of ponds, lakes and rivers can survive on land as well as in water equally well.

(a) What could organism X be ? Name the breathing organs A.
Answer : Man; Lungs

(b) What could organism Y be ? Name the breathing organs B.
Answer : Fish ; Gills

(c) What could organism Z be ? Name the breathing organs C and D.
Answer : Frog ; Lungs and Skin

(d) Out of X, Y and Z, which organism is (i) amphibian, (ii) aquatic, and (iii) terrestrial ?
Answer : (i) Z (ii) Y (iii) X

Question. There are five animals P, Q, R, S and T. The animal P always lives in water and has gills for breathing. The animal Q can stay in water as well as on land and can breathe both, through moist skin and lungs. The animal R lives in soil and breathes only through its skin. The animal S lives on land and breathes through spiracles and tracheae. And animal T lives in water and breathes through its cell membrane.

(a) Which of the animals could be Amoeba ?
Answer : T

(b) Which of the animals could be frog ?
Answer : Q

(c) Which animal could be fish ?
Answer :  P

(d) Which animal could be grasshopper ?
Answer :  S

(e) Which animal could be earthworm ?
Answer :  R

Question. Some sugar solution is taken in a test-tube and a little of substance X in powder form is added to it. The mouth of test-tube is closed with a cork and allowed to stand for sometime. On opening the cork, a characteristic smell of substance Y is obtained and a gas Z is also observed to be formed. The gas Z extinguishes a burning matchstick.

(a) What could be (i) X, (ii) Y, and (iii) Z ?
Answer :  (i) Yeast (ii) Ethanol (iii) Carbon dioxide

(b) What is the process of converting sugar into substance Y by the action of X known as ?
Answer :  Fermentation 

(c) What type of respiration is exhibited by X in the above process ?
Answer : Anaerobic respiration

1 Gills ,lungs ,skin ,trachea are respiratory organs of different organisms . Mention any two common features seen among them with reason .

 

2 Name the first breakdown product of glucose during respiration. Where does it take place?

 

3 What is anaerobic respiration? What happens during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

 

4 Name the three carbon compound formed during anaerobic respiration in muscle.

 

5 What is the specific reason for muscle cramps that are caused due to sudden physical activity?

 

6 Breathing through nose is better than breathing through mouth. Why? 

 

7 Which pathway is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration? 

 

8 In test tubes A and B, yeast was kept in sugar solution. In test tube A added a thin film of oil and test tube B kept opened. Which product of respiration would you expect in the test tubes A and B.

 

9 Distinguish between breathing and respiration

 

10 What is larynx? 

 

11 During the respiration of an organism A one molecule of glucose produce 2 ATP molecule where as in the respiration of organism B ,one molecule of glucose produce 38ATPmolecule .Which of the organism A or B has anaerobic respiration ? Suggest any other major difference between anaerobic and anaerobic respiration.

 

12 What is the significance of residual volume of air that lungs always contain?

 

13 What is aerobic respiration? Name the aerobic respiration products. Where does it take place?

 

14 Name the energy currency of the cell. Why is it called so? 

 

15 What are the adaptations in plant leaves to satisfy the oxygen requirement for aerobic respiration?

 

16 Explain the role of alveoli in the lungs with respect to its structure and function.

 

17 Name the organs in plants which are meant for exchange of gases. 

 

18 What is Adams Apple? What is covering of the lung known as? 

 

19 What are the major gaseous exchange activities in plants during the day and night