Maharashtra Board Class 7 Civics Chapter 6 Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties Solutions

Question 1. List the restrictions on the powers of the Government.
Answer: Restrictions upon the powers of the Government are listed below:

• State should not discriminate between and among citizens on the basis of caste, religion, race, language or gender.
• State shall not deny anybody equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.
• No person shall be deprived of his life.
• State shall not impose any religious taxes.

In simple words: The government's power is restricted to ensure equality and protect individual rights, preventing discrimination and unfair taxation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing specific restrictions clearly demonstrates understanding of fundamental rights and governmental limitations, which are key scoring points.

Say 'Yes' Or 'No'.

Question 1. The jobs advertised in the newspaper are for men and women both.
Answer: Yes
In simple words: Job advertisements should be open to both men and women, reflecting gender equality in employment opportunities.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests your understanding of non-discrimination principles in employment. A simple 'Yes' or 'No' is sufficient, but knowing the underlying principle is important.

Question 2. Men and women doing the same work in a factory get different wages.
Answer: No
In simple words: Equal work should receive equal pay, regardless of gender, to ensure fairness and prevent discrimination in the workplace.

🎯 Exam Tip: This highlights the principle of equal pay for equal work, a fundamental concept in labor rights. 'No' is the correct answer reflecting this principle.

Question 3. Government implements various schemes for the improvement of public health.
Answer: Yes
In simple words: Governments are responsible for implementing programs and policies to enhance the overall health and well-being of their citizens.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses awareness of the government's role in public welfare, particularly health. Affirmative answers are expected when discussing governmental responsibilities in this area.

Question 4. State shall protect all monuments of historic interest and national importance.
Answer: Yes
In simple words: It is the state's duty to preserve historical sites and national monuments as they represent cultural heritage and national identity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognizing the state's obligation to protect heritage sites is important. A 'Yes' answer reflects understanding of cultural preservation as a directive principle.

Tell Why:

Question 1. The State shall protect all monuments of historic interest and national importance.
Answer:

• It is one of important Directive Principles of State policy.
• Monuments are a part of India's rich cultural heritage. A rich source to learn history, it is our collective responsibility to protect them.

In simple words: Protecting monuments is a key government directive because these sites are vital parts of our cultural heritage and historical knowledge.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked "why", always refer to the foundational principles like Directive Principles and the importance of cultural heritage.

Question 2. A pension scheme is implemented for old people.
Answer:

• The pension scheme is the State's way of offering public assistance to citizens who have retired from work.
• This ensures that the retired person can lead a comfortable life.
• Hence a pension scheme is implemented for old people.

In simple words: Pension schemes provide financial support to retired individuals, helping them live comfortably after their working years as part of the state's welfare measures.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the social welfare aspect and the state's role in providing public assistance for vulnerable groups like the elderly.

Question 3. Free and compulsory education has been made available to children in the age group 6 to 14.
Answer:

• No child should be deprived of education. So it is made available.
• Right to Liberty now also includes Right to Education and all children are entitled to get education as a Fundamental right.

In simple words: Free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 ensures that no child is denied schooling, making education a fundamental right for all.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the constitutional aspect of education as a Fundamental Right and its role in preventing deprivation of schooling for children.

Say Right Or Wrong. Correct And Write The Wrong Ones:

Question 1. Not to let the National Flag fall down on the ground.
Answer: Right: It is our Fundamental Duty to respect the National Flag.
In simple words: It is correct that we should not let the National Flag fall, as respecting it is a fundamental duty of every citizen.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests knowledge of civic duties related to national symbols. Clearly stating 'Right' and the corresponding Fundamental Duty is essential.

Question 2. To stand in attention while the National Anthem is playing.
Answer: Right: It is our Fundamental Duty to respect our National Anthem.
In simple words: Standing at attention during the National Anthem is a correct practice and a fundamental duty, showing respect for the nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding and applying the etiquette associated with national symbols, linked to Fundamental Duties, is a key takeaway.

Question 3. To carve or paint our names on the walls of a historic place like a fort.
Answer: Wrong: It is our Fundamental Duty to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
In simple words: Carving names on historic places is wrong because it goes against our fundamental duty to preserve our cultural heritage.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses your understanding of heritage preservation. State 'Wrong' and then provide the correct Fundamental Duty related to cultural heritage.

Question 4. To give lesser wages to women than to men for the same work.
Answer: Wrong: Fundamental Rights put restrictions on the power of the government and one of the restriction states that the state should not discriminate between and among citizens on the basis of gender amongst other things.
In simple words: Paying women less than men for the same work is wrong, as it violates fundamental rights against gender discrimination and equal pay principles.

🎯 Exam Tip: Referencing both 'Wrong' and the relevant Fundamental Right (non-discrimination) is crucial here. Emphasize gender equality.

Question 5. To keep public places clean.
Answer: Right: It is our Fundamental Duty to safeguard public property.
In simple words: Keeping public places clean is correct, as it is part of our fundamental duty to maintain and safeguard public property.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect cleanliness of public places directly to the Fundamental Duty of safeguarding public property for a complete answer.

Write About The Following:

Question 1. The Directive Principles of the Constitution enumerated in the textbook.
Answer:
(i) The State should secure adequate means of livelihood to all citizens without any gender discrimination.
(ii) The State should secure equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
(iii) The State should secure the improvement of public health.
(iv) The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wild-life of the country.
(v) The State shall protect all monuments of historic interest and national importance.
(vi) The State shall promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, especially the Scheduled Castes and Tribes.
(vii) The State shall offer public assistance to citizens in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, etc.
(viii) The State shall secure a uniform civil code applicable to the entire country. In simple words: The Directive Principles guide the state to establish a just society by promoting welfare, equality, environmental protection, public health, and cultural preservation, alongside ensuring a uniform civil code and assistance for vulnerable groups.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorizing specific Directive Principles and their core objectives is key. Listing multiple points demonstrates thorough knowledge.

Question 2. The provision of a Uniform Civil Code for citizens in the Directive Principles of the Indian Constitution.
Answer:
(i) The provision of a Uniform Civil Code for citizens in mentioned in the Constitution.
(ii) It aims to replace personal laws based on the customs and scriptures of the different religious communities living in India with a common set of laws, which is uniform to all the citizens of India. In simple words: The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a Directive Principle aiming to create a single set of personal laws for all citizens, replacing varied religious personal laws to ensure uniformity and equality.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define the purpose of the Uniform Civil Code and its constitutional basis within the Directive Principles.

Question 3. Why is it said that the Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights are two sides of the same coin?
Answer:
(i) Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Rights are two sides of the same coin.
(ii) Due to Fundamental Rights, citizens get the most needed liberty, while Directive Principles of State Policy creates an atmosphere conducive to the growth of democracy. In simple words: Fundamental Rights grant essential liberties to citizens, while Directive Principles guide the state to create a welfare society; both are crucial for a thriving democracy, acting as complementary pillars of the Constitution.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the complementary nature: Fundamental Rights provide individual liberties, while Directive Principles set goals for state welfare, together forming the complete vision of a just society.

Question 6. What are the ways in which citizens can conserve the environment ? Write with examples.
Answer: There are various ways in which citizens can conserve the environment:
(i) Citizens can support the endeavour of the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wild-life of the country.
(ii) Citizens should collectively take responsible actions to protect and improve the natural environment we are a part of.
(iii) Citizens should put to an end cruelty towards animals and have compassion for living creatures. In simple words: Citizens can protect the environment by supporting state efforts, taking collective responsibility for their surroundings, and promoting kindness towards animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on actionable steps citizens can take, linking them to broader environmental protection and animal welfare. Provide clear, distinct points.

Activities

• Education is our right. Form groups and discuss our duties in this respect.
• The State shall protect all monuments of historic interest and national importance. This is one of the Directive Principles. Find out the efforts made by the State about the conservation and protection of forts and make a chart.
• Gather information about the schemes implemented by the Government for children's health.

Complete The Sentence By Choosing The Appropriate Words From The Options Given Below:

Question 1. Due to citizens get the most needed liberty. (Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties)
Answer: Fundamental Rights
In simple words: Fundamental Rights provide citizens with essential freedoms and personal liberties, crucial for their development and protection.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the distinct roles of Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties is crucial. Fundamental Rights are directly about individual liberties.

Question 2. In order that the Indian citizens become conscious of their responsibilities were included in the Constitution. (Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy)
Answer: Fundamental Duties
In simple words: Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution to remind citizens of their responsibilities towards the nation and society.

🎯 Exam Tip: Fundamental Duties were introduced to balance rights with responsibilities, making citizens aware of their role in nation-building.

Question 3. We should perform all the tasks that we have undertaken honestly always striving for (excellence, progress, prosperity)
Answer: excellence
In simple words: We should always aim for excellence in our tasks, performing them honestly and to the best of our abilities.

🎯 Exam Tip: This refers to the Fundamental Duty of striving towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.

Question 4. Fundamental Rights restricts the power of the government to impose any (laws, restrictions, religious taxes)
Answer: religious taxes
In simple words: Fundamental Rights limit the government's power, specifically preventing it from imposing any taxes based on religion.

🎯 Exam Tip: This points to the principle of secularism and the protection against discrimination, which is enshrined in Fundamental Rights.

Question 5. Every citizen of India who is a parent or guardian should provide opportunities of education to his or her child or ward between the age of six and years. (eighteen, fourteen, seventeen)
Answer: fourteen
In simple words: Parents or guardians have a fundamental duty to ensure their children, aged six to fourteen, receive educational opportunities.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests knowledge of the specific age group covered under the Right to Education and the associated Fundamental Duty of parents/guardians.

Say 'Yes' Or 'No':

Question 1. The state should secure the improvement of public health.
Answer: Yes
In simple words: It is indeed the state's responsibility to work towards improving the health standards and well-being of its citizens.

🎯 Exam Tip: This aligns with the Directive Principles of State Policy, which emphasize the state's role in public welfare, including health.

Question 2. Public assistance is provided to citizens in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness etc.
Answer: Yes
In simple words: The government provides support to citizens facing challenges like unemployment, old age, and sickness as part of its social welfare mandate.

🎯 Exam Tip: This reflects the Directive Principles, which guide the state to provide public assistance in various situations of need.

Name The Following:

Question 1. Put restriction on the power of the government.
Answer: Fundamental Rights
In simple words: Fundamental Rights are constitutional provisions that limit the government's authority and protect individual freedoms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that Fundamental Rights act as a check on government power, safeguarding citizens' liberties.

Question 2. Direction or guidelines in the Constitution about how to achieve the goals expressed in the Preamble of the Constitution.
Answer: Directive Principles of the State Policy
In simple words: Directive Principles are guidelines for the government to achieve the ideals of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity outlined in the Preamble.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between Fundamental Rights (enforceable) and Directive Principles (guidelines for governance, not directly enforceable but fundamental in governance).

Question 3. Any two challenges faced by India after independence.
Answer: Establishing order, carrying out smooth administration.
In simple words: After independence, India faced major challenges in maintaining peace and order and establishing an efficient system of governance.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding historical challenges helps contextualize the importance of constitutional principles and governance structures.

Question 4. Any one directive which ensures that there is no gender discrimination.
Answer: State should secure equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
In simple words: A key directive for gender equality is ensuring that men and women receive the same wages for performing the same type of work.

🎯 Exam Tip: Equal pay for equal work is a direct example of a Directive Principle aimed at preventing gender discrimination in employment.

Question 5. It is our Fundamental Duty to respect these two national symbols.
Answer: National Flag, National Anthem.
In simple words: Respecting the National Flag and National Anthem are fundamental duties that signify reverence for our nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember the core national symbols that citizens are constitutionally bound to respect.

Question 6. Any one practice we are expected to renounce according to the Fundamental Duties listed in our Constitution.
Answer: Practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
In simple words: Our Constitution's Fundamental Duties require us to give up any practices that disrespect or degrade women's dignity.

🎯 Exam Tip: This highlights the importance of social reform and gender sensitivity as a constitutional duty.

Question 7. It is our Fundamental Duty to develop these values.
Answer: Scientific temper, Humanism, Spirit of inquiry and reform.
In simple words: It is our fundamental duty to cultivate a scientific outlook, human values, and a mindset that encourages questioning and improvement.

🎯 Exam Tip: These values are crucial for fostering a rational and progressive society, reflecting a key aspect of Fundamental Duties.

Say Right Or Wrong With Reason. Correct The Write Down The Corrections:

Question 1. To sacrifice our life for the sake of our motherland.
Answer: Right: It is our Fundamental Duty-to defend the country, and to render national service when called upon to do so.
In simple words: It is correct that defending the country and rendering national service when needed is a fundamental duty, which can include ultimate sacrifice.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link the act of sacrifice to the specific Fundamental Duty of defending the nation and rendering national service.

Question 2. The State protects all monuments of historic interest and national importance.
Answer: Right: It is one of the important Directive Principles of the State Policy.
In simple words: It is correct that the State is mandated to protect historical monuments as this is a significant Directive Principle of State Policy.

🎯 Exam Tip: This reinforces the state's role in preserving cultural heritage as outlined in the Directive Principles.

Answer In One Or Two Sentence:

Question 1. Which restrictions on the power of the government by the Fundamental Rights ensure that no discrimination is practised by the State?
Answer: Fundamental Rights restrains the State from discriminating between and among citizens on the basis of caste, religion, race, language or gender.
In simple words: Fundamental Rights prevent the government from discriminating against citizens based on factors like caste, religion, race, language, or gender.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the specific grounds on which discrimination is prohibited by Fundamental Rights. This is a core concept.

Question 2. When India got independence, why was it necessary to draw up new policies?
Answer: When India got independence the task of nation building had to be undertaken and for this new policies had to be drawn up.
In simple words: After achieving independence, new policies were essential to guide the complex process of nation-building and establish a functioning country.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize "nation-building" as the primary reason for formulating new policies post-independence.

Question 3. What is included in the Directive Principles of the State Policy with respect to environment?
Answer: It is included in the Directive Principles of the State Policy that the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forest and wild-life of the country.
In simple words: Directive Principles include the state's responsibility to protect and improve the environment, along with safeguarding forests and wildlife.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight environmental protection and wildlife preservation as specific components within the Directive Principles.

Question 4. What is stated in the Directive Principles of State Policy with respect to weaker sections of the Society?
Answer: It is stated in the Directive Principles of the State Policy that State shall promote with special care the educational and economic interest of the weaker sections of the people, especially the Scheduled Castes and Tribes.
In simple words: The Directive Principles mandate the state to actively promote the educational and economic well-being of weaker sections, particularly Scheduled Castes and Tribes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mentioning both educational and economic interests, and specifically Scheduled Castes and Tribes, demonstrates a comprehensive answer.

Question 5. What is the State expected to secure as per the Directive Principles of State Policy which is applicable to the entire country?
Answer: The State is expected to secure a Uniform Civil Code applicable to the entire country according to the Directive Principles of State policy.
In simple words: The State is expected to implement a Uniform Civil Code, applying consistent personal laws across the entire country, as guided by Directive Principles.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a key concept here; ensure you state its purpose and national applicability as a Directive Principle.

Question 6. What can we do if a Directive is not implemented by the Government.
Answer: If a Directive is not implemented by the Government, we can put pressure on the Government in various ways to make a policy in order to meet the goals.
In simple words: If a Directive Principle isn't implemented, citizens can influence the government through various means to create policies that achieve its goals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on citizen's role in democratic pressure, as Directive Principles are non-justiciable but guiding principles.

Question 7. When will the benefits of the various schemes of the Government not reach all the people?
Answer: The benefits of the various schemes of the government cannot reach all the people if they do not fulfil their Fundamental Duties.
In simple words: Government scheme benefits may not reach everyone if citizens do not fulfill their Fundamental Duties, implying reciprocal responsibility.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question highlights the connection between citizens' duties and the effectiveness of government initiatives. Stress the importance of fulfilling Fundamental Duties.

Question 8. Why were the Fundamental Duties included in the Constitution?
Answer: Fundamental Duties were included in the Constitution so that the Indian citizens become conscious of their responsibilities.
In simple words: Fundamental Duties were added to make Indian citizens aware of their obligations and responsibilities towards the nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: The core reason for Fundamental Duties is to instill a sense of civic responsibility and balance rights with obligations.

Question 9. Why is it mentioned in our Fundamental Duties that we should strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity?
Answer: It is mentioned in our Fundamental Duties that we should strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation can constantly rise to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
In simple words: Striving for excellence in all activities is a Fundamental Duty to ensure the nation continuously progresses and reaches greater heights of achievement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the individual and collective pursuit of excellence to national progress and upliftment, as it's a key constitutional aspiration.

Answer The Following In Brief:

Question 1. What are the ways in which citizens can conserve the environment?
Answer: There are various ways in which citizens can conserve the environment:

• Citizens can support the endeavour of the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wild-life of the country.
• Citizens should collectively take responsible actions to protect and improve the natural environment we are a part of.
• Citizens should put to an end cruelty towards animals and have compassion for living creatures.

In simple words: Citizens can help conserve the environment by supporting government initiatives, actively participating in environmental protection, and showing compassion towards animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide diverse examples, covering support for state efforts, collective action, and ethical treatment of animals, as outlined in environmental directives and duties.

Question 2. State any five Fundamental Duties of the Indian citizens.
Answer: Fundamental Duties of the Indian citizens are as follows:

• To abide by the Constitution and respect the National Anthem.
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
• To defend the country, and to render national service when called upon to do so.
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood transcending diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.

In simple words: Five key Fundamental Duties include respecting the Constitution and National Anthem, upholding national ideals, protecting India's sovereignty, defending the country, and promoting harmony while renouncing gender-discriminatory practices.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to list at least five Fundamental Duties accurately, as they are a direct component of civic education.

Give Reason:

Question 1. The State shall protect all monuments of historic interest and national importance.
Answer:

• It is one of important Directive Principles of State policy.
• Monuments are a part of India's rich cultural heritage. A rich source to learn history, it is our collective responsibility to protect them.

In simple words: The State protects monuments because it's a Directive Principle, and these sites are crucial parts of India's rich cultural heritage and history.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize both the legal basis (Directive Principle) and the cultural/historical significance as reasons for monument protection.

Question 2. A pension scheme is implemented for old people.
Answer:

• The pension scheme is the State's way of offering public assistance to citizens who have retired from work.
• This ensures that the retired person can lead a comfortable life.
• Hence a pension scheme is implemented for old people.

In simple words: Pension schemes offer public assistance to retired citizens, enabling them to live comfortably and securely after their working lives.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the social welfare aspect of pension schemes and their role in providing comfort and security to senior citizens.

Question 3. Free and compulsory education has been made available to children in the age group 6 to 14.
Answer:

• No child should be deprived of education. So it is made available.
• Right to Liberty now also includes Right to Education and all children are entitled to get education as a Fundamental right.

In simple words: This provision ensures all children aged 6-14 have access to education, making it a fundamental right and preventing any child from being denied schooling.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stress the fundamental right to education and its aim to prevent any child's deprivation of schooling.

Give Your Own Response:

Question 1. What else do you think the Government should do for students? Make a list of your demands. How would you convince others that your demands are just?
Answer: The list of our demands are:

• Emphasis on skill training in school.
• Choice of a wide variety of subjects based on one's interest.
• Compulsory training in a particular Sport.
• Making a foreign language compulsory in the curriculum.
• Better facilities in schools.
• Programme of mid-day meals should be implemented in all the schools in the rural areas.
• Inspection of schools from time to time to check the quality of education imparted.
• I will convince others through dialogues and discussion and go by the will of the majority.

In simple words: For students, the government should enhance skill training, offer diverse subjects, ensure sports and language learning, improve school facilities, expand mid-day meals, and regularly inspect education quality. I would convince others through open discussion and consensus.

🎯 Exam Tip: For "Give your own response" questions, ensure your points are well-reasoned, realistic, and address the core issue. Mentioning how to convince others adds depth to the answer.

Question 2. Which improvements will be possible with the following facilities offered by the Government?
Answer:

• Public toilets: Maintenance from time to time and continuous water supply.
• Clean water supply: Ensuring that water treatment to remove contaminants is done before it reaches homes and other places for consumption.
• Vaccination of children:
  • Create awareness among parents about different vaccinations through different media of communication.
  • Organise vaccination drives from time to time.

In simple words: Improvements from government facilities include better public sanitation with continuous water, safe drinking water through effective treatment, and improved child health via increased vaccination awareness and regular drives.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing improvements, provide specific actions or outcomes for each facility to show a clear understanding of its impact.

Can You Tell?

Question 1. There is a directive to ensure 'equal pay for equal work'. Which principles and ideals of the Constitution will be realised with this directive? Why does it happen that inspite of doing the same work, women are paid less than men?
Answer:
(i) Right to Equality and the assurance that State shall not discriminate among citizens will be realised with this objective.
(ii) Due to lack of awareness of rights and no strict implementation of law, we witness gender discrimination at work. In simple words: The 'equal pay for equal work' directive fulfills the Right to Equality and non-discrimination. Gender pay gaps persist due to a lack of rights awareness and insufficient law enforcement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly link 'equal pay' to the Fundamental Right to Equality. For the 'why' part, focus on socio-legal reasons like lack of awareness and enforcement rather than just economic factors.

Observe The Picture And Answer The Questions Given Below:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): चित्र में चार अलग-अलग स्थितियाँ दर्शाई गई हैं। पहली स्थिति में एक लड़का एक ऐतिहासिक संरचना पर लिख रहा है। दूसरी स्थिति में नींबू और मिर्च लटके हुए दिखाए गए हैं, जो अंधविश्वास का प्रतीक है। तीसरी स्थिति में एक सार्वजनिक बस को क्षतिग्रस्त किया जा रहा है। चौथी स्थिति में एक महिला सड़क पर कूड़ा फेंक रही है। ये सभी स्थितियाँ मौलिक कर्तव्यों का उल्लंघन दिखाती हैं।

Question 1. A boy scribbling on a historical structure.
Answer: The duty to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
In simple words: This act violates the duty to protect our cultural heritage by defacing a historical structure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the specific action (scribbling) to the Fundamental Duty of preserving cultural heritage. This shows understanding of civic responsibility.

Question 2. Hanging lemon, chillies
Answer: The duty to develop the scientific temper, humanism and spirit of inquiry and reform.
In simple words: Displaying superstitions like hanging lemon and chillies goes against the duty to cultivate scientific temper and a spirit of inquiry.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests your ability to identify practices that contradict the Fundamental Duty of fostering scientific temper and rational thought.

Question 1. Girls and boys between the ages 6 and 14 have got the Right to Education. All the girls and boys in this age group should be in school. Yet many girls and boys are not able to go to school because of many reasons. They have to work to help their parents earn a living for the family. Do you think that it is unfair to such children to insist that they go to school?
Answer: No I don't think it is unfair to such children to insist that they go to school.
(i) Practising child labour is a form of exploitation and we have the Right against Exploitation which extends constitutional protection to children.
(ii) Similarly it is the Fundamental Duty of every citizen who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities of education to his or her child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years.
In simple words: Insisting on schooling for children between 6-14 is not unfair because child labor is exploitation, and education is a fundamental right and duty for every child.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the constitutional provisions (Right against Exploitation, Fundamental Duty) that support compulsory education for children.

Question 2. Which improvements will be possible with the following facilities offered by the Government?
Answer:
(i) Public toilets :
• Public toilets will eradicate open defecation and will improve the overall public health
• As the availability of toilets at close proximity to highway will ensure that people do not face inconvenience while traveling.
(ii) Clean water supply:
• Water is our basic need hence providing clean water is very important
• It will prevent the spread of water borne diseases like cholera, jaundice, etc.
(iii) Vaccination of children:
• Vaccination will improve the health of infants
• Vaccination will reduce the occurrence of diseases like polio in infants
In simple words: Government facilities like public toilets, clean water, and child vaccination lead to better hygiene, reduced disease spread, and improved public health outcomes, especially for vulnerable populations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on linking each government facility directly to its specific positive impact on public health and well-being.