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Revision Notes for Class 12 Informatics Practices Free And Open Source Software
Class 12 Informatics Practices students should refer to the following concepts and notes for Free And Open Source Software in Class 12. These exam notes for Class 12 Informatics Practices will be very useful for upcoming class tests and examinations and help you to score good marks
Free And Open Source Software Notes Class 12 Informatics Practices
FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
Free Software
Definition by Richard Stallman’s:
It means software is freely accessible, free to use, changed, improved, copied, distributed without any payments.
Four kinds of freedom
► Freedom to run the program for any purpose
► Freedom to redistribute copies.
► Freedom to study how the program works
► Freedom to improve the program and release your improvements to the public.
Open Source Software
Definition: The categories of software / programs whose licenses do not impose much conditions.
Features:
1. Freedom to run and use the software
2. Modify the program
3. Redistribute copies of either original or modified program (without paying royalties to previous developers).
It can be freely used for modifications, but it does not have to be free of charge. Its source code is available.
Criteria for the distribution of open source software
1. Free distribution
2. Source code
3. Derived works
4. Integrity of the Author’s Source code
5. No discrimination against fields of endeavor.
6. Distribution of License
7. License must not be specific to a product
8. License must not restrict other software
FOSS (free and open software)
Free software- no payments
Open source software- for technical progress
OSS and FLOSS
► OSS- Source code is available
(open source modified and redistributed software) free of cost or with nominal charge.
► FLOSS- (free libre and open source software)
FSF( free software foundation)
Founded by Richard Stallman in 1985 to support GNU project. Non-profit organization created for the purpose of supporting free software movement
GNU (free and open source)
Objective : To create a system compatible to unix but not identical with it. Now it offers a wide range of software, including applications apart from operating system.
Proprietary software (neither open nor freely available)
Definition-
Its use is regulated and further distribution and modification is either forbidden or requires special permission by the supplier
Source code is not available.
Freeware
►Free of cost ► Copying and further distribution but not modification. ► Source code is not available ► Eg. MS IE
Shareware
► Right to redistribute copies
► After a certain period of time license fee should be paid.
► Source code is not available.
► Modifications is not possible.
Objective- to increase user’s will to pay for the software. Limits functionality after a trial period of 1-3 months.
Some Softwares
LINUX
► Linux: - free and open source software.
► It can be downloaded from www.linux.org
► Linux is a part of popular webserver program LAMP (Linux,apache,MySql, PHP).
Mozilla
► Freeware
► No source code available
► free internet software
It can be download from www.mozilla.org
Apache Server
► Apache HTTP server is an open source web server.
► It is component of LAMP.
It can be downloaded from www.apache.org
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CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices Free And Open Source Software Notes
We hope you liked the above notes for topic Free And Open Source Software which has been designed as per the latest syllabus for Class 12 Informatics Practices released by CBSE. Students of Class 12 should download and practice the above notes for Class 12 Informatics Practices regularly. All revision notes have been designed for Informatics Practices by referring to the most important topics which the students should learn to get better marks in examinations. Our team of expert teachers have referred to the NCERT book for Class 12 Informatics Practices to design the Informatics Practices Class 12 notes. After reading the notes which have been developed as per the latest books also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 12 Informatics Practices provided by our teachers. We have also provided a lot of MCQ questions for Class 12 Informatics Practices in the notes so that you can learn the concepts and also solve questions relating to the topics. We have also provided a lot of Worksheets for Class 12 Informatics Practices which you can use to further make yourself stronger in Informatics Practices.
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