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Revision Notes for Class 12 Chemistry Unit 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
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Unit 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Notes Class 12 Chemistry
CHAPTER – 11 (ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS )
IMPORTANT TOPICS
COMMON NAMES IUPAC NAMES
CH3OH Methyl alcohol Methanol
CH3CH2OH Ethyl alcohol Ethanol
CH3CH(OH) CH3 Isopropyl alcohol Propan-2-ol
CH3OCH3 Dimethyl ether Methoxymethane
C2H5OC2H5 Diethyl ether Ethoxyethane
CH3OCH2CH2CH3 Methyl n-propyl ether 1-Methoxypropane
C6H5OCH3 Methyl phenyl ether Methoxybenzene
C6H5OCH2CH3 Ethyl phenyl ether Ethoxybenzene
C6H5O(CH2)6 – CH3 Heptyl phenyl ether 1-Phenoxyheptane
Physical properties
Boiling points:
Boiling points of alcohols and phenols are higher in comparison to other classes of compounds, namely hydrocarbons, ethers, haloalkanes and haloarenes of comparable molecular masses. This is because the –OH group in alcohols and phenols is involved in intermolecular H-bonding
The boiling points of alcohols and phenols increase with increase in the number of carbon atoms. This is because of increase in van der Waals forces with increase in surface area. In alcohols, the boiling points decrease with increase of branching in carbon chain. This is because of decrease in van der Waals forces with decrease in surface area.
Solubility:
Solubility of alcohols and phenols in water is due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
The solubility of alcohols decreases with increase in size of alkyl/aryl (hydrophobic) group
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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Unit 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Notes
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